The main sights of bavaria with photos and descriptions. Route through the most interesting places in Bavaria Bavaria interesting places

At the request of my friends, I continue to talk about Bavaria) I was more attracted by the small old cities, where time seemed to stand still. The romance of the past, gingerbread houses, a cobbled road. So you imagine the townspeople of that time, who every now and then had to give way to knight riders in difficult armor ... photos are taken from i-net)

Rothenburg- an old city with very narrow and winding streets ... It has been almost entirely preserved since the Middle Ages. There are a lot of beautifully preserved old buildings, churches, museums, the city hall ...

City name Rothenburg, in translation - "Red fortress" speaks for itself. The walls of the fortress, founded by the sovereign Franconian duke about a thousand years ago, are lined with red bricks. And, since red brick in Germany is not such a rare building material, for accuracy the town began to be called in German "Rothenburg ob der Tauber", that is "A red fortress over the Tauber river". The center of Rothenburg ob der Tauber is surrounded by a powerful fortress wall of the 14th century, with many gates, bastions and watchtowers. The city authorities made sure that various attributes of modernity, such as billboards or telephone booths, did not disturb the medieval appearance of the city. Ornate signs of shops, restaurants, hotels are made in such a way that they seem to have come down to us from those distant times.

While in the city, be sure to walk through the delightful Pleinlein quarter, and in the café on the Market Square, try the favorite delicacy of Rothenburgers - the so-called “snowballs”. A ball of dough strips is baked in deep fat, in a special round metal mold, and then stuffed with chocolate, nuts and other fillings; then generously sprinkle with powdered sugar on top, and you get an exquisite cake that really looks very much like a snowball in appearance - as if you are once again plunging into a Christmas fairy tale.

However, Christmas in Rothenburg an der Tauber is never forgotten, this is the only place in Germany where New Year's and Christmas toys and souvenirs can always be bought, regardless of the season. Angels, stars and other decorations are sold at the Christmas market, which is open all year round.

Free imperial city named by Kaiser Henry III Nuremberg Nuorenberc, which translates as " rocky mountain", over a nearly 1000-year history of its existence, it was overgrown with names and symbols. In the Middle Ages, Nuremberg bore the honorary title of guardian of the treasures of the imperial crown. It is also the city of Meistersingers and Albrecht Durer, the city of gingerbread, sausages and the Christmas baby Christ.

The castle (Kaiserburg) was built on a rock around 1050 by Henry III. Gradually, the castle became a hereditary fiefdom. In 1138-1140 it was completed by Emperor Konrad, and it became an imperial castle. In 1050-1571 all the emperors of Germany visited here. Most of the sessions of the Diet were held here. Gradually, the castle became a hereditary fiefdom. In 1138-1140, it was completed by Emperor Konrad, and it became an imperial castle. In 1050-1571 all the emperors of Germany visited here. Most of the sessions of the Diet were held here.

The castle can be accessed through the Festner gate from the north or Himmelspforte from the city side. At the entrance you can immediately see the courtyard and the palace, then the imperial chapel in the Romanesque style on two floors: the second floor for the emperor and the courtiers, and the first for the servants. Nearby there is a well, about 50 meters deep, dug in the 12th century.

In the center of the Old Town, on the banks of the Pegnitz River, there is an ancient hospital of the Holy Spirit, built in 1332. It is one of the largest surviving hospitals in Germany. The inner courtyard of the hospital is decorated with a wooden gallery. A separate building was built for the lepers, who were kept separate from the rest of the sick.

The Church of St. Lawrence was built in 1260 on the remains of an ancient Romanesque basilica. Between the two early Gothic towers you can see an excellent stained glass window - "rose", having a diameter of 9 meters. Many of the interior riches were lost, some were sold to reduce the city's debts. During the Second World War, it was possible to preserve church treasures by placing them in the basements of the city. The building was completely destroyed. It was restored to its original form in 1952.

The oldest (13th century) noble residence in Nuremberg

The most famous Market Square in Germany, where the Christmas market is held, was built on the site of the Jewish ghetto in 1349, the year 600 Jews were burned to death on St. Nicholas. The decoration of the square can be considered a very unusual church of the Virgin Mary (Frauenkirche).

The Gothic Church of the Virgin Mary was built in the middle of the 14th century by order of Emperor Charles IV. An amazing clock was installed on its pediment in 1509, which is still in use today. Every day at noon, a procession of figurines of the townspeople-electors "leaves" from the clock, who take the oath of allegiance to their emperor. The interior of the church is decorated with a Gothic altar dating from 1445.

At the edge of the Market Square stands a column of a beautiful fountain, similar to the spire of a Gothic church. It was supposed to be put on one of the churches, but the city had no money and was put on a fountain-well. The gold-plated fountain is decorated with 40 figures standing one above the other on four levels. The reason for this fountain's popularity is the ring set in a beautiful lattice. They still cannot understand how this was done. According to legend, one young man, who was an apprentice at a locksmith and wanted to marry his master's daughter, inserted this ring in one night, which made an indelible impression on his beloved and her father. Since then, city residents and tourists have touched this ring and made wishes

The Ammer River gave its name to the surrounding Alps, as well as many villages in the area. Its calm, measured flow reflects the character of local residents, their identity and their awareness of themselves as an integral part of the corner where they live. Here it is Oberammergau is a small village with a long history.

The first settlements in this area were founded by the Celts. Later, the Romans built a road here that connected Augsburg and Rome. Thanks to this, up to the 17th century, this region flourished. But the village of Oberammergau is famous for three things.

Firstly, it is an old tradition, when the entire local population participates in the theatrical production of "The Suffering of Christ". In 1633, a plague came to the village. Residents mourned the dead with the help of a theatrical performance that showed the suffering and death of Christ. After that, the plague receded, and the inhabitants vowed to arrange such performances every 10 years. In 1871, a performance was held especially for King Ludwig II. It made a huge impression on him, and as a reward, Oberammergau received a marble crucifix.

Another attraction of Oberammergau is the so-called Luftlmalerei - painting on plaster. In 1748, a famous painter in the area was born - Franz Zwink, who painted the facades of the houses. Wealthy merchants, artisans and farmers sought to emphasize their well-being in this way. The frescoes depict portraits of saints, biblical subjects, as well as those related to the performances. Many houses here have names. Franz Zwink lived in the "Zum Luftl" house, hence the name Luftlmalerei

And the third, thanks to which the village is known, is the handicrafts. In the 12th century, the Rottenbuch monks adopted the technique of woodcarving from local craftsmen. They carved religious motifs on household items. Very quickly, crafts with this carving became a popular trade item. Also in the second half of the 18th century, glass painting appeared here. Its uniqueness lies in the use of a special technique and sequence of paint application. In addition, there are jewelers, stone cutters, basket makers, potters and painters in the village. There are about 120 woodcarvers alone here. In a special workshop - Pilatushaus.

Bavaria (Germany) - detailed information about the region with a photo. The main attractions of Bavaria with descriptions and the most interesting cities.

Federal State of Bavaria (Germany)

Bavaria (German Bayern) is a federal state in southern Germany. It has the status of a free state and is the largest administrative-territorial unit of the Federal Republic of Germany. Bavaria borders the Czech Republic and Austria, occupying a picturesque area from the Alps to the Danube Valley. This region is one of the most beautiful and interesting places in Germany, incorporating a unique atmosphere combined with a huge historical and cultural heritage.

Bavaria has a rich history and beautiful natural landscapes. This land is one of the most distinctive regions in Germany with an abundance of ancient sights and architectural monuments. Bavaria has a huge number of romantic castles, luxurious palaces and ancient churches. But the main highlight of this region is the charming historic towns that have retained their medieval charm.

Geography and climate

Bavaria occupies the southern and southeastern parts of Germany. This region has a stunning natural diversity. In the east of Bavaria, there are the Fichtelgebirge and Franconian Forest mountains, in the south there are the peaks of the Alps, in the west there are the Stufenland hills, and in the north - the low mountains of Rhön and Spessart. In terms of relief, the territory of Bavaria can be divided into three large zones: the northern Kalkalpen and the Bavarian Alps, the hilly Bavarian Highlands, the German Highlands.

The territory of Bavaria is riddled with many rivers. Most of them flow into the Danube. Also Bavaria is known for a huge number of lakes. There are more than 1,500 of them here. The largest lakes in Bavaria: Chiemsee, Ammersee, Starnberg lake, Tegernsee, Königssee.

There are many ski slopes in the Bavarian Alps. The largest ski resort is Garmisch-Partenkirchen.

Bavaria is one of the warmest regions in Germany. This federal state has a warm temperate climate that gets colder and more continental closer to the Alps. The climate of Bavaria is characterized by warm summers and cool winters with slight negative temperatures.

Practical information

1. Population - 12.8 million people.
2. Area - 70,550.07 km².
3. Language - German. The Bavarian dialect is also widespread.
4. Visa - Schengen.
5. Time - Central European (UTC +1, +2 in summer).
6. National composition - Bavarians, Franconians, Swabians.
7. Currency - Euro.
8. Largest cities: Munich, Nuremberg, Augsburg, Wurzburg and Regensburg.
9. Bavaria is one of the richest and most economically developed lands in Germany. GDP (per capita) is almost 40,000 euros.
10. Bavaria is one of the most popular destinations in Germany. More than 30 million tourists visit it annually.
11. Most of the population is Catholic.

A little about the Bavarians ... The Bavarians are the most proud of all Germans and very much respect their traditions. This region is the most autonomous federal state in Germany, which is expressed in literally everything. Interestingly, most of the locals consider themselves primarily Bavarians and only then Germans. They are quite conservative people, with the possible exception of liberal Munich.

Bavaria cities

Bavaria is renowned for its stunning cities steeped in history, culture and authentic atmosphere.

Munich is the capital of Bavaria and one of the largest German cities. This dynamic city is the economic and cultural center of the region and a popular tourist destination with a wide variety of tourist attractions, from exploring ancient sites and museums to gastronomy and shopping.

The second most populous city in Bavaria with a magnificent historic center, including a medieval imperial castle and five stunning Gothic churches. Nuremberg has a rich thousand-year history and is famous for toys, gingerbread, as well as a charming atmosphere and ancient architecture.

Augsburg is the capital of the historical region of Swabia. It is one of the oldest cities in Bavaria and has a rich historical heritage.

One of the oldest cities in Germany with a stunning historic center, a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Its main attraction is the beautifully preserved medieval Altstadt with a Gothic cathedral and an ancient stone bridge, which is also the largest in area on German soil.

Lindau is the pearl of Bavaria, located in the eastern part of Lake Constance in close proximity to Austria and Switzerland. It is a wonderful city where you can immerse yourself in the maze of small streets and centuries-old houses.

Fussen is a romantic old town, as if drawn by an artist's hand. Surrounded by stunning mountain peaks and picturesque lakes.

An ancient city located on the hills of Franconia in the heart of the wine region. Has a magnificent historic center, rebuilt after the destruction of the Second World War, of which the Baroque masterpiece Residenz is the jewel.

Dinkelsbühl is located in Central Franconia at the northern end of the Romantic Road. This old town has hardly changed since the Middle Ages and is filled with old churches, half-timbered houses and charming streets.

One of the most beautiful cities in Europe with a fabulous historic center that includes a labyrinth of narrow streets and vibrant old buildings. It will amaze you with real medieval charm and almost completely survived city walls with gates and towers. Rothenburg on the Tauber River is considered one of the most authentic and photogenic old towns in Bavaria.

A picturesque old town located at the confluence of three rivers: the Danube, Inna and Ilza. It is famous for its magnificent historical atmosphere and sacred architecture.

Bamberg is a fascinating city on the Regnitz River, the historic center of which is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. Bamberg is famous for its traditional Bavarian atmosphere and is one of the centers of brewing. The city is filled with medieval streets and old landmarks, among which the old town hall on the island, the Gothic cathedral and the Baroque Residence stand out.

Popular destinations

• Ammersee is a picturesque lake in Upper Bavaria.
• The Bavarian Alps are the highest mountains in Germany with stunning nature and ski resorts.
• The Bavarian Forest is a picturesque natural landscape called "Bavarian Siberia".
• Berchtesgaden National Park, home to the deepest lake in the Alps.
• Chiemsee is the largest lake in Bavaria with the Bavarian Versailles against the backdrop of picturesque mountains.
• The Romantic Road is an enchanting tourist route past romantic medieval castles and towns.

Administrative division

Bavaria is divided into 71 districts and 25 cities of "land subordination".

Regionally, the territory of Bavaria can be divided into five regions (historical areas):

• Franconia, occupying the north and northwest.
• Swabia in the southwest.
• Upper Palatinate in the northeast.
• Upper Bavaria in the south.
• Lower Bavaria to the east.

Best time to visit

Bavaria is the southernmost and warmest region of Germany, so you can visit it all year round. But there is a time that is considered the best and most atmospheric - this is summer, October, when Oktoberfest takes place, and the period of the Christmas holidays.

History

The territory of Bavaria was inhabited in ancient times. Celtic tribes and Etruscans lived on these lands. In the 1st century BC. Bavaria was conquered by the Romans, who divided its territory into two provinces - Rezia and Noric. In the 3rd century AD, with the beginning of the decline of the Roman Empire, the provinces began to be threatened by the Germanic tribes. In the 5th century, the Bavarian lands were occupied by Heruls, Rugs and Skirs, who were driven out of the Danube Valley by the Huns. At the beginning of the 6th century, the tribes of Marcomans and Quads, who came from Bohemia, established themselves here. They were later called the Bavarians. Then the territory of Bavaria was subdued by the Ostrogoths, and then by the Franks.

At the end of the 6th century, the Bavarian Duchy was formed, which was eventually defeated and conquered by the Franks. At the same time, Bavaria retained significant autonomy. Under Charles the Great, the Bavarian lands and the territory of Italy went to his son Pepin, who died while his father was still alive. Then Bavaria belonged to the kings of the Carolingian dynasty, who were replaced in the 10th century by the Ludolfings and Welfs.

At the end of the 12th century, Bavaria passed to Otto from the Wittelsbach dynasty, who is considered the founder of the family of Bavarian dukes. Over the next five centuries, the duchy experienced ups and downs, until eventually the Holy Roman Empire ceased. In 1742, Bavaria was conquered by Austria. But the Austrians did not possess the Bavarian lands for long. In 1745, Maximilian Joseph returned Bavaria to the Holy Roman Empire.

At the Congress of Vienna in 1815, Bavaria was recognized as an independent kingdom, which existed until the second half of the 19th century. In the Austro-Prussian War of 1866, Bavaria lost a number of territories, and already in 1870 finally joined the German Confederation. Although the last Bavarian king abdicated in 1919. During the Third Reich, the federal structure of Germany was abolished, and Bavaria was divided into several administrative units, which were called the Reichsgau. During the Second World War, a number of large Bavarian cities were heavily bombed and badly damaged.

How to get there

Bavaria has excellent transport accessibility. There are large international airports in Munich and Nuremberg. If, suddenly, you do not find a flight to Munich, then you can fly to the huge air port of Frankfurt am Main.

Bavaria has excellent rail connections to most of Germany's major cities, including high-speed trains. You can also get here by train from Prague, Vienna, Linz, Salzburg, Villach, Klagenfurt, Paris, Amsterdam, Rome, Venice, Verona and other European cities.

Food and drink

Bavarian cuisine has a rather distinctive character and is famous for the following dishes: Schweinsbraten (fried pork), legendary Bratwurst (bavarian fried sausages), Weißwurst (veal sausages), Leberkäse (meatloaf), Schweinshaxe (pork knuckle, or grilled knuckle) bread balls), Kartoffelsalat (potato salad), Kässpatzen (cheese dish).

Bavaria is famous for its beer, which is considered one of the best in the world. Foamy drink for Bavarians is an important part of their culture. There is even a saying "Hopfen und Malz, Gott erhalts", which means "Hops and malt, may God bless them." The most popular beer is Weißbier (unfiltered wheat), which is served in special Weißbierglas glasses. Bavaria is also known for its beer festivals, the season of which begins in April and lasts until October, ending with a large-scale Oktoberfest.

The Bavarian land is famous not only for beer. Franconia is a major wine-growing region renowned for its excellent white wines. Very unusual is the Eiswein (ice wine) from grapes, which are harvested only after the first frost.

sights

Bavaria is famous for a huge number of magnificent sights. Here, in almost every historic city, you can find a striking old monument of culture or architecture. Therefore, only the most famous symbols of this region are listed below.

Neuschwanstein (or "New Swan Castle") is a fabulous neo-Romanesque castle built on a rocky cliff in the 19th century by the "mad" Bavarian king Ludwig II near the town of Füssen. This whimsical piece of architecture is considered one of the symbols of Germany. The spiers and towers of the castle rise above the forest and lake. A stunning panorama of the Bavarian Alps opens behind them. The castle has luxurious interiors inspired by heroic legends and romantic literature.

Marienplatz is the heart of Munich with the grandiose neo-Gothic New Town Hall, built in the early 20th century. A little off the square is the Frauenkirche, a magnificent 15th century cathedral that is a late Gothic masterpiece.

In the eastern part of Marienplatz, you can see two interesting buildings at once. The Old Town Hall is an old building from the 14th century in the Gothic style. Its tower now houses a toy museum. Next to the Old Town Hall is the Cathedral of St. Peter is the oldest parish church in Munich, founded in the Romanesque period. Its history goes back over 8 centuries. The church is a famous symbol of Munich and combines elements of different architectural styles.

Nymphenburg is a luxurious palace with a picturesque garden and canal, which is one of the most famous sights of Munich. Built as the summer residence of the Bavarian kings, the palace amazes with its luxury and severity of forms. The construction of Nymphenburg dates back to the 17th century. The architect was the Italian Barelli. Now here you can appreciate the life of the monarchs and see the objects of art.

No less famous is the palace park - 229 hectares of parkland in the English style. You can take a gondola ride along the palace canal.

Also in Munich there is another magnificent palace complex - the Residence, which is considered one of the most impressive palaces in Europe. The residence comprises seven large courtyards and consists of three main parts: the late Renaissance Old Residence, the Königsbau (Royal Hall) and the Festsaalbau (Banquet Hall) overlooking the Hofgarten and the magnificent 16th century Antiquarium.

The Kaiserburg is a true symbol of Nuremberg. From the depths of the Middle Ages, its silhouette has symbolized the strength of the Holy Roman Empire, as well as a huge role in the history of Germany and the German nation. The Kaiserburg is located in the heart of the old town of Nuremberg on top of a sandstone cliff. It is often called the imperial castle, although the surviving part is just fragments of the complex arrangement of the castle.

The Kaiserburg is one of the most important surviving medieval fortresses in Europe and home to German kings and emperors for over 500 years. Includes several historic buildings: the 15th century imperial stables, the 12th century pentagonal tower, the 14th century well house, the 13th century round tower, the 11th century imperial palace proper, and the 13th century chapel.

The old town of Nuremberg is also very beautiful. It has preserved charming narrow streets and old buildings, about 4 km of medieval walls and magnificent Gothic churches.

Linderhof is a luxurious summer palace of "mad" Ludwig, located in a picturesque area among cool green forests. Built in the 19th century in the neo-rococo style.

Regensburg is one of the oldest and most interesting cities in Bavaria for tourists. It has the largest medieval center with two magnificent sights. The first is the stone bridge over the Danube, which is a masterpiece of medieval architecture and dates back to the first half of the 12th century. For almost 800 years, until 1935, it remained the only bridge connecting the two banks of Regensburg.

The second iconic attraction of this Bavarian city is the Cathedral of St. Peter. This is one of the oldest religious buildings in Bavaria and a gem of Gothic architecture. In the architecture of the cathedral, the tall Gothic towers are especially prominent, which are visible from almost all points of the historical center. The colorful medieval stained glass windows and Gothic vaults are also impressive.

Herrenchiemsee is the country residence of the Bavarian king Ludwig II, located on an island in the middle of Lake Chiemsee. This baroque palace was built in the second half of the 19th century as an analogue of the French Versailles, but in fact it was never finished.

Bamberg Cathedral is one of the main attractions of Bamberg and a masterpiece of Gothic architecture. The church was founded in the 11th century and is the legacy of Emperor Henry II. It is a beautiful Gothic structure with Romanesque details and four high towers, which is the architectural dominant of Cathedral Square. Emperor Henry II, King Conrad III, Pope Clement II (the only Pope who was buried north of the Alps) found their last rest here. Beautiful portals decorated with bas-reliefs lead to the cathedral, and you can see many bizarre old elements in its interior.

Cathedral of st. Stefan's is a pearl of Passau's sacred architecture. This ancient church combines sumptuous Baroque architecture and late Gothic elements, and also has the largest church organ in Europe.

The residence in Würzburg is an incredibly beautiful 18th century palace famous for its luxurious Rococo and Baroque architecture. It boasts a large fresco by the Venetian painter Tiepolo, an intricate staircase, and many decorative rooms.

The fairytale castle, hidden in the forests of the Bavarian Alps, is a real masterpiece that has earned insane popularity among tourists and brings fabulous profits to Germany. Neuschwanstein became the prototype for the Sleeping Beauty Castle at Disneyland Paris, Tchaikovsky's inspiration for the ballet Swan Lake, and the embodiment of Ludwig II's love for Wagner's music.

From a distance, Neuschwanstein Castle looks like a toy. The towers of this magical ivory castle seem to float against a backdrop of dark green firs. Up close, it is fabulously beautiful and still a little unreal among the romantic Alpine slopes.

The halls of Neuschwanstein are truly luxuriously decorated. It took 4.5 years to finish the late Gothic royal bedroom alone on the woodwork. The castle gives the impression of a theatrical scenery, and in part it is, as it was created under the active leadership of the Munich theater artist Christian Jank.

Despite the seemingly toy-like appearance, the castle has a very impressive size, and it took seventeen years to build it. Eyewitnesses and contemporaries claimed that fifteen master carvers worked on the manufacture of a carved wooden bed for Ludwig for four and a half years.

The interior of the castle is a mixture of various architectural and artistic styles, a combination of Moorish, Gothic and Baroque elements: there are stalactite columns, a throne room in the decadent-Byzantine spirit, and a singing hall with exquisite lighting, intended for staging Wagnerian operas. At the same time, the entire building was equipped with the most advanced heating system for that time, and a plumbing with cold and hot water was functioning in the kitchen.

Coordinates: 47.55753000,10.74985400

Town hall

Landshut Town Hall - Rathaus

Landshut Town Hall is not located in the main town square, as usual, but close to it, at the intersection of Altstadt and Theaterstra & szlig e streets.

The imposing Gothic building acquired its present proportions and volumetric structure by the end of the 16th century, after the joining of three adjacent residential buildings acquired by the city government in 1380 (middle), 1452 and 1503 in 1570-1571, a beautiful bay window appeared on its northern corner. In 1860-1861, the architect Leonard Schmidtner gave the town hall a modern look after the model of Frankfurt Römer.

In the dense building line of Altstadt Street, the façade of the Town Hall stands out for its symmetrical composition, in the center of which the façade of the tallest and widest house dominates, with four-storey twin houses on the sides. Each cog of their stepped pediments is decorated with pinnacle posts and pointed arches, and the main pediment, in the center of which you can see a clock framed by a stylized Gothic rose, bears at the end a narrow slender observation tower. In the balustrade of the carved stone balcony for the main exits, one can see heraldic shields, the walls of the bay window are decorated with relief floral ornaments along their entire height.

Part of the central building at least from the 15th century was occupied by the ceremonial hall, where in 1475 the magnificent wedding of Duke Henry VI and the Polish princess Jadwiga Jagiellonka took place. In 1876-1880 the German-Austrian architect Georg Hauberrisser designed the hall in the neo-Gothic style, and in 1880-1882 court artists from Munich painted its walls with images of the famous Landshut wedding ceremony (1475).

Today, the hall still retains representative functions; concerts and performances are held here for visitors; it is open on weekdays from 14 to 15 hours.

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Lake constance

The waters of the Upper and Lower Lakes, as well as the Rhine River, connecting these bodies of water, flow into Lake Constance.

The lake with an area of ​​535 square meters, 63 kilometers long and up to 255 meters deep is located in the Prealps. The lake washes the shores of not only Germany, but also the countries of Austria and Switzerland. The Rhine flows through the lake.

A huge number of Baroque monuments, monasteries, churches and castles are concentrated on the shores of Lake Constance. Indeed, living on a lake with a mild southern climate is a pleasure. And tourists will definitely have something to see here. Due to the large influx of tourists, this place is never calm. Everything here is equipped for recreation and entertainment: bars and restaurants with delicious fish from the lake, beaches and warm pools, water sports, boats, steamers, asphalt roads on the banks for cyclists.

Coordinates: 47.64411100,9.38644400

The Industrial Culture Museum was established in the 1980s and is located in the premises of an old factory. The theme of the museum is the history of industrialization in Europe and Germany, in particular. The collection is based on various items reflecting the history of the development of technology and industry, as well as immersing the visitor into the world of social and cultural life of Nuremberg in the XIX-XX centuries.

Thanks to the original and creative form of presenting the material, all information is presented in an integrated manner, from various sides - these are socio-cultural aspects, and technical, and economic, and other points of view. Show the life of ordinary people - this is what the creators of the museum and its staff are striving for. So that our contemporaries could understand the simplest things - how our ancestors studied at school, how they treated their teeth, what entertainment facilities they attended, what devices they used, and so on. That is why the main hall of the museum is somewhat reminiscent of a city street.

Of great interest is the school section of the museum dedicated to the 500-year history of education in Germany. Its exposition reflects the history of the development of schools, new items that appeared in school life, educational materials of different times, which were used in different countries. A visit to the Museum of Industrial Culture is a short journey through time, moreover, into the still recent past.

Coordinates: 49.46134600,11.11146900

Communication Museum

The Museum of Communications is the direct successor to the Royal Bavarian Museum of Transport and Mail, founded at the end of the 19th century. In 1899, a major exhibition on the history of the railway opened, and three years later, in 1902, it was supplemented by a section on the history of the Bavarian post and telegraph. The construction of the building in which the museum is located today began in 1914, but was interrupted by the First World War and was completed only in 1925.

The history of the Bavarian post office and the development of communications, which goes back almost 500 years and covers the period from the era to the present, is presented to the visitors of the Museum of Communications. The main themes of the permanent exhibition are devoted to the development of postage, travel "by post", the history of telephony and telegraph. Among the exhibits of the museum you can see the original postal carriages and cars that were once engaged in the delivery of mail, as well as a variety of technical devices. It has everything from old telegraphs and teletypes to the most modern satellite communications. The museum also possesses an extensive collection of films and videos.

Coordinates: 49.44544200,11.07437400

Hohenschwangau castle

In the village of Hohenschwangau, there are the world famous castles of Hohenschwangau and Neuschwanstein, which annually come to visit more than 300 thousand tourists from all over the world.

Hohenschwangau Castle in the neo-Gothic style was built by the Bavarian king Maximilian II in the 19th century according to the project of the architect Domenico Quallo. The building was used as the summer residence of the royal family.

In this castle, the future king Ludwig II spent his youth, who here met the composer Wagner.

In the courtyard of the castle there is a fountain in the shape of a swan. On the ground floor of the building there is an oriental bedroom of Queen Mary of Prussia. On the second floor - the hall of the swan knight, decorated with frescoes and paintings on the theme of the swan knight Lohengrin. The third floor houses the largest rooms - the king's chambers and the reception hall (the hall of heroes and knights), decorated on the theme of Germanic legends.

Coordinates: 47.55559000,10.73621700

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Lake Königssee

The King's Lake (or Lake Königssee) is considered the cleanest and deepest lake in Germany. Its depth reaches 190 meters. The lake is also known under a different name - Bartalomeuse (after the name of the temple of St. Bartholomew, located here).

There are mountains around the lake, among which the highest point is Watzmann. Its height reaches 1874 meters. The climate on the lake is mild, so there are a lot of tourists here both in summer and in winter. Also, the place is popular due to the mineral springs with healing water, which are located here.

The lake is part of the Berchtesgaden National Park, which is home to rare species of fauna and flora. Also nearby the lake is the former residence of Hitler "Eagle's Nest", which was presented to him for his 50th anniversary.

Coordinates: 47.55753000,12.97691300

The most popular attractions in Bavaria with descriptions and photos for every taste. Choose the best places to visit famous places in Bavaria on our website.

Top 10 attractions in Bavaria

The Bavarian Alps)

The Bavarian Alps stretch south from Munich to the Austrian border and from the beautiful Lake Constance in the west to the outskirts of Salzburg in the east. In some cases, the height of the mountains reaches 3000 meters, this is exactly the height of the highest mountain in Germany - the Zugspitze. The beauty of the Bavarian Alps is enhanced by deep glacial valleys and high plateaus with numerous lakes. In the Bavarian Alps, they offer excursions of all kinds, from ordinary hiking, including those for families, to quite difficult, almost sports. The Bertechsgaden National Park is worth a look, the only such park in the German Alps, whose plateau - Untersberg - is a hiking paradise.

Lindau and Lake Constance)

Lindau, the largest city on the Bavarian shore of Lake Constance, consists of the picturesque Old Town on the island, the harbor and the Lindau Garden. The harbor is a great place to enjoy the delights of Lake Constance, it is worth paying attention to the main attractions of Lindau - the Old Lighthouse and the Magnturm, a stone tower that was built in the 12th century as part of the medieval fortifications of the city. Also of interest during city tours are the sculpture of the Bavarian lion, the symbol of the land of Bavaria, and the 33-meter new lighthouse, both of which were built in 1856. Old town with many beautiful streets lined with Gothic and Renaissance houses. Particularly attractive is the city's main street, with its arches, fountains and cafes.

3. Zugspitze ( Zugspitze)

The Zugspitze mountain is an iconic landmark in Bavaria, it is the highest point in Germany, its height is 2962 meters above sea level. The Zugspitze is part of the alpine Wetterstein mountain range, which spans the border between Austria and Germany. The mountain rises among steep valleys with beautiful lakes and forests, it is known for its gilded cross and magnificent views. The summit can be reached by funicular or a variety of hiking trails of all levels to choose from. At an altitude of 2950 meters, there is a restaurant with an observation deck from which a magnificent panoramic view of the Bavarian landscapes opens up. The area surrounding the Zugspitze is home to many first-class ski resorts that open their doors during the winter season.

4. Munich

Munich, the capital of Bavaria, is the third largest city in Germany and a real gem on a sightseeing tour of Bavaria. The city on the Isar River on the outskirts of the Bavarian Alps is home to many of Germany's cultural and historical sights and is one of the best places to discover Bavaria. The central attraction of Munich is the city's main square, Marienplatz, surrounded by magnificent medieval houses, St. Peter's Church, built in the Romanesque style, Cathedral of Our Lady and the Church of St. Michael, the largest church north of the Alps in Renaissance architecture. Munich is also well known for its beautiful parks, including the English Garden, the world's largest urban public park.

The Bavarian Forest)

The breathtaking Bavarian forest stretches along the border between Germany and the Czech Republic and encompasses Bavarian Forest National Park as well as two other large parks, the Bavarian Forest Nature Park and the East Bavarian National Park, it is the largest protected forest area in Europe. Today, the area is crossed by countless excellent hiking trails, including the 1,455-meter peak of the Great Arber, the highest peak of the Bavarian-Bohemian mountain range and the location of one of Germany's most popular ski resorts.

Official website: nationalpark-bayerischer-wald.de

The German Alpine Highway)

One of the most amazing opportunities to discover the beauty and sights of Bavaria is the German Alpine Highway, which was built in 1933 and is currently 450 kilometers from Lake Constance across the Allgu and the Bavarian Alps to Berchtesgaden... This is a popular way to see the most interesting places in Bavaria, namely ancient castles and palaces of kings such as Ludwig II and Maximilian II, perennial forests and beautiful lakes, atmospheric villages and Romanesque houses in small towns, Gothic churches and cathedrals.

Official website: deutsche-alpenstrasse.de

7. Berchtesgaden ( Berchtesgaden)

Berchtesgaden is located at the end of the German Alpine Highway and is one of the most popular spa towns in the Bavarian Alps. Surrounded by the Hoher Goll, Watzmann and Untersberg mountains, Berchtesgaden has been one of the main recreation centers for Germans for centuries. When visiting the city, pay attention to the beautiful palace Wittelsbach originally an Augustinian home founded in 1100, it now houses a museum with a fine collection of weapons, furniture, porcelain and paintings. Also of interest is the private road built for Adolf Hitler, along which you can get to Kehlsteinhaus at an altitude of 1834 meters, where you will find a restaurant and a magnificent panoramic view. Be sure to visit the beautiful lakes around the city.

Old Town Aschaffenburg)

The old town of Aschaffenburg in lower Franconia is located on the hilly right bank of the Main River and is dominated by old buildings from the 17th and 18th centuries. It is here that you will find the Art Gallery with an impressive collection of Dutch and early German paintings, as well as a palace museum with a magnificent palace library and a number of magnificent state apartments. During your city tour, it is worth paying special attention to the 12th century Monastic Church of Saints Peter and Alexander.

Official website: schloesser.bayern.de

9. Mittenwald ( Mittenwald)

Mittenwald is located in the beautiful, sheltered Isar Valley, framed in the south and west by a forest overlooking the Wetterstein Peak. One of the most charming towns in the Bavarian Alps, Mittenwald is famous for its magnificent old houses with their unique frescoed exteriors, as well as the Baroque Parish Church with its painted tower. Built in 1745, it is famous for the statue of Matthias Klotz, who died here in 1743.

Amberg)

The old town of Amberg is still surrounded by medieval walls with towers and gates and is a great place to experience the real taste of old Bavaria. The heart of the Old Town of Amberg is the Commerce Square, and the highlight of the square is the 14th century Town Hall with its exquisite Council of Chambers and beautiful coffered ceilings. On your tour, don't miss the late Gothic Church of St. Martin, built in 1421, the most historically important Gothic church in the Upper Palatinate, after the cathedral Regensburg... Highlights include the 91-meter west tower, built in 1534 and the imposing monument to Count Palatine Ruprecht, who died in 1397.

I think everyone will agree with the statement that Bavaria is a real home for romantics. Each element of nature is individual in its own way, and put together they create a beautiful picture. To begin with, you can pay attention to the green hills, then spend a day fishing in the cleanest lakes, and then try to conquer the snow-capped Alps.

It is this region of Germany that for some reason is called the romantic road. Although, it is obvious that he received this title due to the presence of such a large number of opportunities. Every city in Bavaria has its own flavor, so we decided to put together a short informational list in which we will tell you about all the most beautiful places to visit. Moreover, you can get more pleasure if you go on a trip to Bavaria on your own.

By the way, if you choose an autonomous travel mode, we recommend that you use the services of Economybookings.com, which will help you to find a car for rent at the best price. Of course, no one canceled trains with planes, so it's time to get ready for the journey. So, we present to your attention the cities of Bavaria, which are worth seeing during an independent trip.

Nuremberg

The first city that I would like to talk about is precisely Nuremberg, which is called here the Treasury of the German Empire. A similar title went to this place for preserving its medieval appearance and its ideal preservation to this day.

Hundreds of identical houses with tiled roofs, small streets in length and width, majestic squares and wide pavements. The city itself will be extremely interesting from all sides, so it will definitely take more than one day to fully explore it.

Must-sees in Nuremberg:

• Burg, or the so-called Nuremberg Castle, consisting of the emperors' castle called the Kaiserburg, the equally impressive Burggrafenburg and the majestic fortress of Nuremberg.
• The local market square, which is, in addition to everything else, the venue for the Christmas fair known throughout Germany. Starting from the first month of winter, when the bazaar is inaugurated, the whole place begins to be imbued with a Christmas spirit. New Year's music, colorful garlands, and, of course, the opportunity to taste numerous traditional dishes. By the way, I would like to give a separate recommendation to lebkuchens, delicious marzipan, famous Bavarian sausages and classic mulled wine. In a word, once you get here, you may not notice how a real fairy tale will begin to play out its performance around.
• The Frauenkirche Church, located on the central square of the city, has attracted tourists from all over the world for several decades with its unique clock, which depicts miniature subjects who worship their king every day at noon. Opposite the chapel there is an imposing fountain, which is painted in different colors during the night performances.
• The most popular museums in Nuremberg are the Toy Museum, the Transport Museum, and the Postal and Communications Museum.
• If you are interested in looking at the ancient imperial relics, then we definitely recommend visiting the City Hall of Nuremberg, where copies of the crown and scepter of person No. 1 have been preserved. While in the basement you can visit the prison and the torture chamber.
• Perhaps the most famous place that all tourists seek to see is the Palace of Justice, famous for holding the famous Nuremberg Trials in it, during which more than six hundred Nazi criminals were sentenced.

Hint: Don't miss out on the so-called Nuremberg Historic Mile, a hiking trail that takes you through various medieval buildings in the Old Town area.

Würzburg

Würzburg can be called a city undeservedly left without due attention of travelers. Unfortunately, most of the tourists do not visit this city when traveling in Bavaria, although it would definitely be worth it. It is worth noting that the first historical fact about Würzburg dates back to 704. It was here that a knightly tournament was held, which went down in history as the first such event in German lands.

A couple of centuries later, this place gained widespread fame due to the formation of the first witch-hunt center in the local area. But only nothing memorable in terms of architecture has remained since then, since during the assault on Germany in 1945, the city was completely destroyed by British aircraft, which did not prevent it from being rebuilt in such a short time.

Must-sees in Würzburg:

• Marienberg is a majestic fortress on the other side of the Main River, which until 1720 was considered a full-fledged residence of local bishops. It is worth noting that this building rises above almost the entire city due to its location on a hill, and is also known for a mixture of architectural styles that affect more than one century due to constant reconstruction and rebuilding. By the way, the oldest city church and a couple of historical museums are also located on the territory of the fortress.
• An ancient bridge connecting the vicinity of the fortress with the city territory. A special feature of the bridge is the decoration of a dozen statues of saints, bishops, as well as German rulers.
• One of the monuments of world culture is located within the city limits, represented by the Würzburg episcopal residence, reflecting in its guise an example of the late Baroque, which will appeal to all connoisseurs of art.

Oberammergau

Oberammergau is a small Bavarian town, remarkable for the coloring of all its houses with various fairy-tale or biblical subjects intertwined with traditional ornaments. You simply cannot imagine how majestic this settlement looks against the backdrop of the snow-capped Alps. This place is just a must-have on the itinerary of your independent travel.

Another feature of Oberammergau is the local theater, known throughout Germany for its six-month-long performances, held once every ten years. It is noteworthy that the actors in these performances are ordinary residents of the town. By the way, not far from the settlement is the famous castle of Ludwig II called Linderhof.

Munich

Obviously, any self-travel itinerary in Bavaria will include a visit to Munich, which is worth a visit for a number of reasons (history, beer, sausages, festivals, holidays, concerts), but let me introduce some more "secret" sights of the city (see).

Must-sees in Munich:

The town founded even before our era must be included in the route, since you will certainly not find older places in Bavaria.

Must-sees in Auxburg:

• City Hall, which is the main city symbol. It is here, in the main hall, that all significant events of the city and the region are held. Be sure to look at this place from the inside, as it is richly decorated with paintings.
• A city in a city called Fuggerei, which is a historic district, moreover, residential (and very expensive), which was named after the founder of the entire quarter, Jacob Fugger. It has its own church, school, hospital and even a gate (the quarter is surrounded by a wall).
• The majestic tower Perlachturm;
• Mozart family house
• A multi-colored house of weavers - you will definitely not pass by it.

Bamberg

It turns out that not only Rome was built on seven hills (see). There is also a small town in Germany, which was built in a similar way. No one really can say how the city managed to survive during the bombing in 1945, but this is for the best, because now you can meet here many buildings that have preserved the architecture of the Middle Ages.

But the city is famous not only for its seven hills, but also for its ten own breweries, whose total number in the district reaches eighty units. If you like beer even a little, then do not hesitate to take the opportunity and go to Bamberg. And there is also a small river called Regnitz, dividing the city into two almost equal parts (Budapest does not resemble?).

Must-sees in Bamberg:

• Bamberg Cathedral, an ideal example of Romanesque architecture incorporating early Gothic elements;
• Fortress Altenburg, which was previously the residence of the city's archbishops and at the same time served as a refuge for refugees from all over the country.
• The town hall, now serving as a museum. In fact, there is nothing to look at, but you should definitely look at its arrangement on an artificial island.
• Garden of a million roses.

Fussen

The final stage of our trip will be Füssen, which can be considered almost the most important city in terms of the number of attractions and other places worth visiting.

It is here that the largest castles in all of Germany are located nearby, Neuschwanstein, as well as Hohenschwangau, not to mention dozens of other equally stunning places to visit.

As a rule, tourists rarely get here, ending their trip back in Munich, but, take my word for it, it is more beautiful here than in Munich. Take Fussen alone, which consists of numerous picturesque houses that create a unique architectural ensemble.

Must-sees in Füssen:

• Upper lock;
• Neuschwanstein Castle, towering on a cliff and from afar, gives the impression of soaring in the sky. A feature of this place is the frescoes that retell dozens of different German legends in any way. Well, and about the view that opens from the cliff, I am completely silent.
• Hohenschwangau Castle, located, like its sister described above, is also on a cliff. Be sure to pay attention to the local frescoes!
• Church dedicated to the suffering Christ during his stay in Viese (all frescoes convey stories and stories from the Bible);
• The majestic mountain Tegelberg, allowing you to see both castles and the town as a whole. It can only be reached by funicular, because over the past few years, the footpaths have simply been washed away by heavy rains;
• Numerous lakes: Alpsee, Schwansee, and Forggensee and Weissensee.