"Narodovolets" became the first submarine, which became a museum and a monument to all sailors, submariners and people who devoted themselves to the sea.
Until 1975, Narodovolets was an active submarine in the Red Banner Baltic Fleet. Since 1987, "Narodovolets" has become a station for young people to study. Since 1989, "Narodovlets" has become a historical monument and is installed on the shores of the Gulf of Finland. And in 1994, the submarine D-2, which survived the war, was turned into a museum. It is located in St. Petersburg on Vasilievsky Island.
D-2 ("Narodovolets", serial number 178)
Laid down in Leningrad at Plant No. 189 (Baltic Shipbuilding Plant). Joined the Baltic Sea Naval Forces. On August 5, 1933, it became part of the Northern Military Flotilla. In October 1939, she moved to Leningrad for a major overhaul. On June 22, 1941, under the command of Lieutenant Commander (later Captain 3rd and 2nd Rank), Lindenberg Roman Vladimirovich was undergoing major overhaul as part of a division of submarines under construction and overhaul of the Submarine Training Brigade in Leningrad. September 24, 1942 north of about. Gogland got into the anti-submarine net, the release from it took two days and only the extremely unfavorable weather for the actions of the anti-submarine forces allowed her to avoid meeting the enemy. Only on September 26, she was able to finally free herself from scraps of nets and fix the vertical rudder damaged during sharp maneuvering. On October 30, she began to cross the Gulf of Finland to return to the base, where she was discovered by anti-submarine forces and was pursued for four hours, 48 depth charges were dropped. In the summer of 1944, she received the Dragon-129 sonar station (aka the British sonar station ASDIC-129). On October 1, she went on a military campaign. A number of material breakdowns immediately occur: for example, on October 6, the vertical rudder failed, and the submarine was on the surface for 30 minutes during daylight hours. Only on October 26, the first transport from the convoy was sunk. After the attack, she was pursued and, as a result of close explosions of depth charges, she was thrown astern on stones, jamming the vertical rudder. It was impossible to eliminate the malfunction at sea and, being controlled by the change in the rotational speed of the propellers, the submarine headed to the base. The term of combat service is 46.3 months (1.07.41 - 9.05.45). 4 military campaigns (69 days). 12 torpedo attacks, as a result of which 1 ship (4090 GRT) was sunk and 1 ship was damaged.
Tactical and technical characteristics
Displacement, t:
surface - 932.8
underwater - 1353.8
Length, m: 76.6
Breadth overall, m: 6.4
Draft, m: 3.6
Speed, knots:
surface - 14.6
underwater - 9.5
Cruising range, miles:
on the surface - 4700
underwater - 132
Autonomy, days: 40
Maximum immersion depth, m: 90
Working immersion depth, m: 75
Crew, persons: 53
power plant:
42B6 engine with a capacity of 1100 hp, 2 units
rowing electric motor PG20 powerful. 525 h.p. 2 pcs
rechargeable battery "DK" 60 el. in gr. 4 groups
Armament:
torpedo - 8 - 533-mm torpedo tubes with a stock of 14 torpedoes,
artillery - 1 - 102-mm and 1 - 45-mm guns
Inspection begins with the aft torpedo (seventh) compartment. It also serves as a stern cabin for 12 sailors. A ladder leads from the museum building through a cut window in the building.
Watertight bulkheads, designed for maximum depth, were first used on Russian submarines, all boats had no bulkheads before.
Sixth compartment. MAN's diesel engine close-up.
Entrance to the fifth compartment (batteries, oil tanks, foremen's cockpit).
The exposition passes the fifth compartment and descends into the aft battery pit. The batteries have been removed from there, there is an exposition - a bunch of photographs and documents. From the fifth compartment we find ourselves in the fourth - the central post. It's really cramped there. It employed three people at the same time. Periscope is visible at the top left
Handwheel of horizontal rudders
Periscope. You can look into it and it turns. But the optics burned out during such a time and some shadows are visible in it.
There is a grid in the periscope, which determines the three most important things for calculating a torpedo attack: the heading angle (bearing) of the target, the distance to it and the speed.
The heading angle was determined by the eye according to the reference book, where the silhouette of the target was given in different projections. There is also an exact method, but I forgot it :)
Distance - again, according to the reference book, we looked at the height of the masts or navigating bridge for a given type of vessel, noted the number of divisions of the rangefinder grid for this height and determined the distance using the formula.
Speed - set the periscope motionless, and watched how long the target would travel a distance equal to its full body. Taking into account the heading angle, the speed was calculated by the formula.
Also, as we can see below, there were corresponding tables for quick definitions.
