Sights of Kostanay. History of Kostanay As the city of Kostanay was called before

What are the interesting places

There are about 30 cultural institutions in Kostanay, which include drama theaters: Russian and Kazakh, a philharmonic society, a cinema, and two museums. For example, the Kostanay Regional Philharmonic invites you to join the treasures of the musical heritage of national and world classics. And in the toy museum, by the way - the only one in Kazakhstan, a huge number of exclusive toys from different countries and times are collected. Fans of active recreation and entertainment will certainly enjoy the sports complex of the Ice Palace and the water park, built in the form of a huge octopus.

The city itself is practically buried in greenery, and the Victory Park and Central Square, decorated with fountains and flower beds, have become the favorite places of recreation for citizens and guests. Also for recreation are several beaches on the banks of the Tobol River (municipal and private), where vacationers are offered all kinds of water activities. And around the city there are various tourist centers, where, if you wish, you can rent a cottage and have a great rest surrounded by nature.

Prices in hotels and shops

On the territory of Kostanay and Kostanay region, the national currency of Kazakhstan is the tenge. The current exchange rate is as follows: 1 US dollar is equal to about 185 tenge, 1 Russian ruble - about 5.25 tenge. Money exchange points can be found in all banks, savings banks, large shops, tourist offices and hotels.

In Kostanay and near it there are about a dozen hotels and hotel and recreation complexes. The cost of a room per day in hotels ranges from 1,500 tenge (budget option) to 8,000 (3 and 4 stars), and it can also be more than 14,000 tenge.

The Kostanay chain of stores is represented by both large shopping centers and small shops. Prices for various goods are approximately equal to the average Russian prices, perhaps a little lower. Also in the city there are a lot of cafes, bars and restaurants specializing in various cuisines of the world. On average, lunch will cost 500-1000 tenge.

History of the city of Kostanay

In 1879, a small settlement was formed on the left bank of the Tobol River by Russian and Ukrainian settlers. Since 1893, this settlement acquired the status of a city and was named Nikolaevsk, and later the city was named Kostanay. Initially, the city housed only small enterprises processing agricultural raw materials, as well as small oil mills and tanneries. But since the beginning of the 20th century, Kostanay has become the largest trade fair center in the Kazakh steppes. In 12-13 years, a railway line was built here in the direction of Chelyabinsk-Kustanai and the Kustanai station was opened. At the same time, a Swiss citizen named Loretz built here the largest brewery in the South Urals, which is still operating.

In the post-war years, the population of Kostanay and the region has grown significantly due to the development of virgin lands. Since then, the territory of the region and the city itself has become a place for the cultivation of a large number of grain crops.
In 1997, by the decree of the President of Kazakhstan, the official Russian name of the city was changed to Kostanay.

Natural resources

Kostanay region has a large number of lakes (more than 5000) and rivers (310), especially large rivers are Tobol and Torgai. Kostanay is especially famous for its sources of mineral waters and sulphide-silt mud, which treat many diseases. Mineral waters are similar in composition to the waters of such well-known springs as "Essentuki", "Pyatigorsk" and "Karlovy Vary".

On the basis of mineral springs, 45 km from Kostanay, there is a sanatorium "Sosnovy Bor", which is rightfully called the pearl of the Kostanay region. The sanatorium has all the conditions for the health improvement of a wide range of people. Here they treat diseases of the cardiovascular system, gastrointestinal tract, lungs, musculoskeletal system, metabolic disorders, gynecological and skin diseases and others. The following methods are used in the treatment: water and mud therapy, inhalations, physiotherapy, physiotherapy exercises, various types of massage. But in the sanatorium you can not only get medical treatment, but also just have a great rest. On its territory there is a sports complex, tennis courts, a swimming pool and a children's health camp.

The amazing Nurzum nature reserve is located 190 km south of Kostanay. Its pride and main attraction is the relict pine forest. Another attraction of the reserve is the system of fresh Aksaut lakes and Sarymoin salt and fresh lakes. Many foreign tourists come to this reserve and the surrounding forests to enjoy the beauty and tranquility of nature, in the summer you can pick mushrooms and berries here, and in the winter you can go skiing.

Kostanay (Kazakh ostay; until 1997 Kostanay) is a city in Kazakhstan, the administrative center of the Kostanay region.

Name

The modern official Russian name of the city is Kostanay. Until 1997, the city was called Kustanai in Russian, after the tract on which the city was located on the banks of the Tobol River. The original name is Nikolaevsk. In Moscow, Volgograd, Penza, Rostov, Samara, Khabarovsk, Chelyabinsk, Dnepropetrovsk, Donetsk, Zaporozhye, Kiev, Krivoy Rog, Makeevka, Nikopol, Odessa, Perevalsk, Sevastopol, Kharkiv there is Kustanayskaya street. Writing through "U".

sights

• French Cultural Center
• Monument to a female student with a laptop
• Bust of I. Altynsarin
• House of the merchant Lorets
• Pervotselinikov Square with the eponymous sculptural ensemble
• Monument to A.S. Pushkin
• A. Baitursynov Square with a monument to A. Baitursynov
• Sculpture "Girl with a cell phone"
• Monument to Charlie Chaplin
• Monument "Computer keyboard"
• Monument to Amangeldy Imanov
• Orthodox Church 1893
• Sculpture "The Young Lady with an Umbrella"
• Monument to L. Taran
• Victory park:
  • Memorial to the Victims of the Great Patriotic War
  • Monument to V.I.Lenin (Ulyanov)
  • Monument to the victims of repression;
  • Monument to victims of local conflicts
  • Bust Twice Hero of the Soviet Union I.F.Pavlov
• Altynsarin Museum
• Monument to the Victims of Radiation Disasters
• "Carriage Lisakovskaya"
• "Shooting wall" at which the Kolchak soldiers were shooting the Red Army
• Monument to the victims of repression;

Population

Until 1992, the city had 274 thousand inhabitants. Together with the right-bank suburbs (Zatobolsk, Zarechny, Michurinsk), the population of the urban agglomeration was about 350 thousand people.

• Kazakhs - 59 655 people. (28.63%)
• Belarusians - 3 794 people. (1.78%)
• Chechens - 595 people. (0.28%)
• Poles - 481 people. (0.23%)
• Koreans - 2,914 (1.37%)
• Bashkirs - 545 people. (0.26%)
• Mordovians - 433 people. (0.20%)
• Ukrainians - 21,272 people. (10.00%)
• Tatars - 4 380 people. (2.06%)
• In total - 212 617 people. (100.00%)
• Armenians - 699 people (0.33%)
• Germans - 5,919 people. (2.78%)
• others - 2,947 people. (1.39%)
• Ingush - 440 people. (0.21%)
• Azerbaijanis - 1001 people. (0.47%)
• Russians - 107,542 people. (50.00%)

Geography

The city is located in the steppe zone, in the north of the Turgai plateau on the Tobol River, 570 km north-west of Astana (along the highway 770 km). The nearest million-plus city is the Russian Chelyabinsk, located 260 km (more than 300 km on the road) to the north-west of Kostanay.

Libraries

• Kostanay city library named after N. Ostrovsky.
• Kostanay Regional Library for Children and Youth named after Ibrai Altynsarin and others.
• Kostanay Regional Universal Library named after L. N. Tolstoy

Education

• Kostanay Humanitarian College
• Kostanay branch of GOU VPO "Chelyabinsk State University"
• Kostanay College of Automobile Transport
• Kostanay Economic College of Kazpotrebsoyuz
• Kostanay social and technical college
• Kostanay Engineering and Pedagogical University named after M. Dulatova
• Kostanay TOEFL Testing Center
• Kostanay Medical College
• Kostanay College of Social Education
• Kostanay Humanitarian Institute
• Kostanay Pedagogical College
• Kostanay State Pedagogical Institute
• Kostanay State University named after A. Baitursynova
• Kostanay Social and Technical University named after Academician Z.Aldamzhar
• Kostanay Construction College
• Kostanay Polytechnic College

The beautiful city of Kostanay is located in the Tobol river tract. This administrative center dates back to the end of the 19th century. Kostanay, the sights of which embodied the synthesis of the spirit of past eras and the achievements of the present, is one of the most attractive tourist centers. Therefore, it is important for a traveler to know what places to visit in Kostanay.

Kostanay (until 1895 - Nikolaevsk) emerged as a trade center and a center for processing agricultural products. It was the most important point on the way from Asia to Russia. Caravan routes passed through the city of Kostanay, crafts flourished. The fairs held in the city were famous throughout the Urals.

The prosperity of the city was reflected in its architecture, religious buildings, which made up the cultural attractions of Kostanay. If you want to get an impression of a special direction in the architecture of the 19th century - the so-called red Siberian style ”- then walk through the center of the regional center. Here you will see two-storey buildings that do not have blank walls. They are distinguished by curly brickwork, the presence of fake windows, original turrets and cornices.

Therefore, if you are looking for where to go in Kostanay, then start your acquaintance with the city from such historically significant places as:

• Passage of the merchant Yaushev, or the Regional Museum of History and Local Lore.

This is one of the oldest buildings in the city of Kostanay. In the town planning documents of 1903, this building is described as a commercial building, built like a passage with many galleries. Its architecture is a typical embodiment of Art Nouveau.

After the emigration of the owner's family, the building fulfilled its direct purpose for some time. During the Second World War, it housed exhibits of the Moscow Historical Museum. In peacetime, this building housed a museum of local lore. Here is an excellent collection of weapons and photographic documentary fund.

• Regional art gallery and art school.

This museum is located near the house of Yaushev. It is also located in an architectural monument of the 19th century. The gallery has three large halls, which house the works of famous artists of Kostanay. Here you can see paintings by Nikolai Torshin and Sergei Lugovoi, the creations of Svetlana Shalunova and Bayan Batalova.

Here is not only a permanent exhibition of portraits, still lifes and landscapes, but also personal exhibitions of contemporary painting. In the art salon of the gallery, you can order or purchase a painting.

On the central square of the city there is an old building - a men's gymnasium. Take some time to this architectural masterpiece. It is a vivid embodiment of the unique modern style of the early twentieth century.

• Kostanay cathedral mosque, or "Maral Ishan" mosque.

Its construction is connected with the same merchant Yaushev. The mosque was built in 1893. Most of the money for its construction was given by Abdulvali Akhmetzhanovich Yaushev, part - by the inhabitants of the Tatar settlement.

It is a beautiful white building with three minarets. For some time it was used as a concert hall, and now it is a working religious building.

• Cathedral of Constantine-Eleninsky Cathedral.

This is a relatively new building (construction lasted until 2005). The building looks majestic and magnificent. It has a particularly benevolent atmosphere. Here are the original icons with particles of the relics of St. Nicholas of Alma-Atinsky, St. blessed Matrona of Moscow. There is a myrrh-streaming cross.

• Memorial Museum and Monument to Ibrai Altynsarin.

Ibrai Altynsarin is a prominent teacher who opened in Kostanay in the mid-1880s. school. He is known for being actively involved in the education of the Kazakh people, opening secular educational institutions: vocational schools, schools for girls.

In the cultural and historical part of the city there is a regional museum of the memory of the educator. Not far from it there is a monument and a boarding school for gifted children. The memorial complex is a reconstruction of a school created by a great teacher. In the collection of the museum there are more than 11 thousand exhibits that tell about the formation of the system of public education in the region, the history of the life and work of I. Altynsarin.

• Monument to B. Mailin

A monument to one of the founders of Kazakh literature is located at the station square. The 2 m high bust of the playwright is faced with marble. Of particular interest is the figured carving with which the pedestal is adorned.

• Monument to Kazybek bi.

Lined with white marble, the monument depicts the famous Kazakh judge. Kazybek bi Keldybekuly, according to folk legends, is one of the judges who reviewed and modified the Code of Laws of Tauke Khan.

During the time of Abylai, he realized his abilities as a diplomat and leader, organized uprisings against the Dzungars, took part in the release of Abylai Khan from captivity.

• Monument to Akhmet Baitursynov.

The monument is located near Central Park, near the university. Akhmet Baitursynov - a well-known Turkologist, linguist, literary critic - belongs to the generation of the repressed intelligentsia of Kazakhstan. He was shot in 1937.

• Monuments of the Soviet era.

This is a separate page in the history of Kostanay and the region, embodied in monuments. The monument to the Conquerors of the Virgin Land will remind you of the time of the development of virgin lands, the Steam Locomotive - a commemorative sign dedicated to the first Komsomol members who arrived from Ukraine to develop the virgin lands.

Celebrate the memorial dedicated to those who died during the Second World War. It is located in Victory Park. Here you can also see the Museum of Military Equipment in the open air.

• Aquapark "Octopus" and "Ice Palace".

These are great places to spend your time. Here you can have fun and usefully spend time, entertain children and relax.

• Theaters of Kostanay.

Kostanay is a cultural center. Theatergoers will be happy to visit the Regional Russian Drama Theater or the Regional Kazakh Drama Theater named after Omarov, children will love the performances of the puppet theater.

• Parks and park areas.

The opening of the park "25th Anniversary of Independence of Kazakhstan" took place in the summer of 2017. Now it is a new recreation center in Kostanay. Come here to admire the beauties of the Tobol River and fountains, look at the evening lighting that makes this place beautiful.

We recommend to enjoy the natural beauty of Kostanay - take a walk in the parks: the city park of culture and recreation, the Yunnaty park, the Molodezhi boulevard. By the way, not far from the central park there is a clock tower - one of the city's attractions.

• Necropolis "Bestamak".

Those who are interested in history and archeology are advised to visit the necropolis "Bestamak". To see the excavations, you will have to drive 190 km from Kostanay towards the Ubagan River - the right tributary of the Tobol River. Near its source, in the northern part of the Turgai trough, there is a necropolis. Discoveries made by archaeologists at the site show that people lived here from the Stone Age to the Middle Ages.

Kostanay is an interesting city where several centuries have come together - the last century with its merchant traditions and artsy style in architecture and new original buildings made of glass and concrete. Visit Kostanay museums. They will tell a lot about this region, its history and culture. Enjoy nature, nature reserves and entertainment centers!

There is a city in Kazakhstan, the history of which began back in 1879, when the first settlers appeared on the coast. They came here from various provinces.

origin of name

The resulting settlement occupied 13.5 thousand acres of land and was named Nikolaevsk. But in 1885, having become a district town of the Turgai province, it was renamed into Kostanay. From the Kazakh language, this word was translated as "the camp of the Kazakh tribe." It was formed from two components: "kos" - a yurt, and "tanai" - a Kazakh tribe. In 1884, a church, court, school and other public buildings were built on its territory. By 1913, the city of Kostanay was replenished with new residents. Its population reached 28,300 people, the main activity of which was agriculture.

Further development

This was possible due to its location on fertile black earth lands. Trade developed widely. The city of Kostanay served as a commercial platform for goods such as salt, fish, leather, wool, grain, furs, flour, meat, beer and other agricultural products. In order to expand the delivery of products to other regions of Russia, a railway was built in 1913.

Industry in the city began to develop only after several factories for the production of footwear, artificial fiber, and clothing were evacuated to its territory during the Patriotic War. In order to ensure their work, as well as the comfort of workers, they began to lay engineering networks, equip the city, and green the streets.

Age of prosperity

In the postwar years, the city of Kostanay continued its development. They mastered on which people were engaged in the extraction of minerals: bauxite, asbestos, ores. The development of the city continues today. Its population is about 240,000 people. An international airport was built relatively recently.

The schools of the city of Kostanay are general education. There are 51 of them in total. But there is also the name of A.I. Nikiforov. In addition to industrial enterprises, there are two higher educational institutions, a philharmonic society, libraries, palaces of culture, theaters, and a museum on the territory of the settlement. The city of Kostanay can be called the cultural center of the region of the same name.

Memory of centuries

The main streets of the city of Kostanay, and at first there were only ten of them, were witnesses of the events that took place here throughout its existence. Most often, street names reflect the historical past, the names of the heroes. And at the end of the 19th century, they were called here in accordance with the name of the provinces from which the settlers came: Tomsk, Penza, Tashkent, Samara, Troitskaya, Orenburg and others.

The main street was Bolshaya. It ran from the Tobol River to the railway station. It housed the houses of wealthy merchants - Yaushev, Kargin - as well as grocery stores and shopping arcades. The Soviet government gave this street a new name - Proletarskaya. Two years later, it became known as Soviet. And two more later, along Lenin Street. But more than once she had to go through renaming. In 1975 it became Leninsky Avenue, and in 2000 - Al-Farabi Avenue.

In general, many streets in the city with the advent of Soviet power began to be called differently. And this is not surprising. Tsarskaya Street became Leo Tolstoy Street, Barabashevskaya Street was renamed in honor of Lawrence Taran. But this was happening in many cities at the time. The main thing is that the renaming does not affect what was located on these streets. And in Kostanay, you can see many interesting buildings and monuments on them.

Cultural objects

The center of the city of Kostanay is interesting because there is a regional museum of local lore. It was opened back in 1915. Only here you can get complete information about the region. The exposition consists of 112 thousand exhibits. In the museum you can learn about what was on the local land in ancient times, what the Kostanay region is rich in today, how the Patriotic War affected the city and many other significant facts.

But the city of Kostanay is interesting not only for this. House 85-A on Gogol Street is a toy museum. It contains 5,000 exhibits. Until now, everyone can replenish the museum's exposition. And the toys here are very different. These are dolls and soldiers, cars and weapons, Cheburashkas, pistols and many other children's entertainment. All exhibits are unique. There is even a female figurine of an Egyptian woman, which was made in the 2nd millennium BC.

Where to go?

No wonder Kostanay is considered cultural. The regional drama theater named after. Omarov, who often takes part in republican festivals. He presents both adult and children's performances to the public. A studio operates on its basis. The Russian Drama Theater is also a must-see. It was founded back in 1922. Now it is merged with the puppet theater. The productions of his actors have won prestigious awards even at international festivals. Well, do not forget to look at the Philharmonic. Its first location was the building of the regional drama theater. Now you can hear musicians working in different directions here. And not only Kazakh music is played.

The modern monuments of the city are also interesting. For example, the Charlie Chaplin monument. The famous actor is depicted in full growth with a bowler hat and a cane. It is located near the building of the Kazakh-French cultural center. The bronze sculpture of a girl with a laptop also attracts tourists. This is a monument that reflects modern reality. Many people want to take photographs next to him.

Kostanay is a thriving cultural, scientific and industrial center of Kazakhstan. If you want to see how a small settlement on the banks of the Tobol River developed in a relatively short period of time, be sure to come here.

Geographical encyclopedia

Modern encyclopedia

- (in 1893 95 Nikolaevsk) a city in Kazakhstan, the center of the Kustanai region, on the river. Tobol. Railway junction. 233.9 thousand inhabitants (1991). Food, light industry. Software Khimvolokno. Metalworking. 2 universities. Theatre of Drama. Museum of Local Lore. ... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

Sush., Number of synonyms: 2 city (2765) Nikolaevsk (3) Dictionary of synonyms ASIS. V.N. Trishin. 2013 ... Synonym dictionary

A city in the Turgai region, in the 919th century. from Orenburg, on the Tobol river. K. grew up with amazing speed, on the American model. The extraordinary fertility of the surrounding steppe soil, the non-stop growth of trade and industry allow him now ... ... Encyclopedia of Brockhaus and Efron

Kostanay- (in 1893 95 Nikolaevsk), a city, a regional center in Kazakhstan, on the Tobol River. 233.9 thousand inhabitants. Railway junction. Food (flour, meat and other), chemical (fibers), metalworking industries. 2 universities. 3 museums (including ... Illustrated Encyclopedic Dictionary

- (in 1893 95 Nikolaevsk), a city in Kazakhstan, the center of the Kustanai region, on the river. Tobol. Railway junction. 232.1 thousand inhabitants (1995). Food, light industry. PA "Khimvolokno". Metalworking. 2 universities. Theatre of Drama. Local history ... ... encyclopedic Dictionary

- (in 1893 95 Nikolaevsk) a city, the center of the Kustanai region of the Kazakh SSR. Located on the left bank of the river. Tobol. Node f. lines to Chelyabinsk, Tobol, Tselinnye Sands. 134,000 inhabitants (1972; in 1939 34,000 inhabitants). Founded in 1883; rights… … Great Soviet Encyclopedia

City, c. Kostanay region Kazakh. SSR (from 1936), f. etc. node; located on the river. Tobol. On Jan 1. 1964 108 to. (in 1897 14.3 so, in 1923 21 so, in 1939 33.5 so, in 1959 86 so). Main in 1879, received the rights of the city in 1893. In 1912, 13 K. was ... ... Soviet Historical Encyclopedia

Kostanay- city, c. Kostanay region, Kazakhstan. Founded in 1883 Russian. and ukr. settlers in the Kustanai tract (Kazakh. Kostanay). Etymology has not been established; Perhaps the name is associated with some kind of subdivision of the Kazakhs, a kind of Tana, who once lived in ... Toponymic dictionary