The world of caves is amazing. Its rivers flow in it, sometimes spilling into miniature lakes, its own stone trees grow, its stone flowers bloom. They will never be revived by a ray of the sun, they will not be illuminated for a moment by lightning - everything is shrouded in eternal darkness and deep silence. Everything that the world of caves is rich in is made by water. Water continuously destroys limestone, which, under its influence, easily dissolves and erodes. Calcium carbonate, dissolved in water, settles on the surface of the stone. Drop by drop, and gradually a tubercle appears, which eventually grows into a hanging icicle - a stalactite. Falling on the floor, a drop leaves a particle of the mineral on it. A stalagmite grows from the floor towards the stalactite. Later they will merge into one powerful column. A row of columns, continuing to grow, create bizarre partitions, whole forests of columns fill some caves. The originality, the richness of the forms created by nature defies description. The chatyr-Dag karst cavities can be divided into three groups:
Sports, access to which is difficult by natural obstacles; passing requires special equipment and certain knowledge, skills and abilities;
Public, these are not deep wells and horizontally inclined caves, visiting which do not require long-term sports training and special equipment (this group includes Suuk-Koba, Binbash-Koba and many others)
Suuk-Koba - a cave on the yayla Nizhniy Chatyr-Dag. The name "Suuk-Koba" is translated as "Cold Cave". Probably due to the temperature of 6 degrees inside. Kholodnaya Cave is located not far from the unequipped Tysyachegolovaya (Bin-Bash-Koba) cave, as well as from the Marble and Mamontova cave.
Suuk-Koba begins with a huge, up to 25 meters high hall. Here grows a composition of stalactites, popularly called "organ": many stone icicles intertwined into one structure, similar to organ pipes.
Further, the Suuk-Koba hall narrows and branches out in two directions. If you want to go to the right, you have to climb a little homemade steps. The steps in Suuk-Kobe, like in any other cave, are rather slippery, so you need to be extremely careful. If you go to the left, a passage through the numerous baths will lead to a hall with a column.
An extraordinary drawing is drawn on the wall of the cave near the fork. Do not rush to rejoice at the fact that prehistoric cave paintings have been found: in those days, no one painted in colors and with respect to proportions. They say that in the 90s, a film about cave dwellers was filmed on Chatyr-Dag, and Suuk-Kobu was not ignored. Now the drawing has become a local landmark.
Thousand-headed Cave (Binbash-koba) - a cave on the Yayla Nizhny Chatyr-Dag. The name "Binbash-Koba" is translated from Turkic as "Cave of a Thousand Heads". Hence its second name - Thousand-Headed. The length of the cave is 110 m. The cave is located not far from the Cold (Suuk-Koba) cave.
The name of the cave is not accidental. From the middle of the 19th century, Binbash-Koba was actively visited local residents, as it has been known for many centuries. The first "explorers" found a lot of human skulls and bones in the cave, and literally in fifty years all the skulls were taken out of the cave and sold to the first Crimean tourists at the Angarsk Pass as "souvenirs from Chatyr-Dag".
As usual, there are two ways to explain this. a large number of human remains in a cave: according to legend and from the point of view of logic.
Legend has it that one day the local villages were attacked by nomadic tribes. Residents in a hurry took refuge in a long-known cave, taking with them all their belongings and food. And so they would have sat out the raid of the nomads, but there was no water source in the cave. Therefore, every night the most beautiful girl tribe with jugs of water left the cave and went to the nearest source for water. This went on for many days, but here's the problem: when the girl was carrying water, she, splashing, irrigated the path, and after a while the path from the well to the cave was covered with beautiful flowers. The nomads discovered this, and tracked down where the fugitives were hiding. And since they did not want to surrender, the invaders lit a huge bonfire at the entrance, and all the inhabitants hiding in the cave perished.
There is also a more logical explanation. Thousand-Headed Cave has a very unusual shape: starting with a wide platform and a horizontal portal entrance, it passes into a gorge, and then opens up into a huge hall with dozens of stalactites and stalagmites. Perfect place for the burial of the dead - majestic and quiet. It is believed that Bin-Bash Koba served as a ritual burial place for local tribes - this is confirmed by the fact that only skulls of adults were found in the cave.
The Thousandhead Cave has another feature. She is a perfect example of what becomes of a cave after opening it for "free access" to all comers. To our great regret, only traces of the rich and beautiful drip formations remained. Many giant columns of stalagmites have been tumbled to the floor, and traces of axes from lovers of exotic cave can be seen on the walls.
The cave is still worth a visit: even though it is desolate, you can feel some mysticism and awe of history in it.
Gugerjin Cave:
It has an entrance well up to 20 meters, with a total length of 60 meters. The cave is located in a forest 50 meters south of the Thousand-Head and not far from the Onyx shelter. Gugerjin is one of the most popular caves among aspiring cavers. It has one hall, divided by leaks into six chambers. The cave is easy to climb / climb and is very beautiful.
The bottomless cave is located in the Crimea, on the lower plateau of Chatyr-Dag. Other names for this cave in Crimea are Bottomless Well and Bottomless Mine. According to modern concepts of geology, this Crimean cave is not a well, but a complex combination of a shaft that opens the cave and the cave itself. Bottomless Cave became known since late XIX century. This cave of Crimea is of a vertical type, the entrance to it is located at an altitude of about 1 km, at the bottom of a karst sinkhole. The total length of the Bezdonnaya cave is 410 meters, its depth is about 195 meters.
The descent into the cave is not equipped for normal visits. You can get into this mysterious Crimean cave only with equipment, as part of a group of speleologists or athletes.
Go to the section table of contents: Crimean caves
Cold or Suuk-Koba cave is located on the Chatyrdag plateau. The entrance to the Kholodnaya cave is located on the northeastern slope of a large crater, and is separated by a low isthmus from an even larger crater where the Thousand-headed Cave (Bin-bash-hoba) is located.
The entrance to Suuk-Koba looks like an arch slightly more than 2 m high. The arch is formed by layers of limestone, and a large block of limestone, sandwiched between two other blocks, serves as the castle of the arch. Behind the arch there is an entrance to a cave 5.2 m wide.Immediately from the arch, there is a passage with a slope of up to 35 °, which, after 12.8 m, expands and rises, passing into a vast hall with a maximum width of 32 m and a height of up to 20 m. There is a small niche in the southeast corner of the room. The floor of the cave is dotted with numerous small boulders, and a large block of limestone that fell from the ceiling, where a deep niche remained, is located on the left side in the depths of the cave. At a large stone, the cave narrows and makes a turn.
Further on, the cave narrows more and more and its ceiling goes down. Even further, the corridor expands again, although the ceiling is noticeably lower, forcing a passing person to bend down sometimes, and finally the corridor passes into a hall rich in drip formations. Water here oozes from the walls, ceiling and spreads over the uneven floor. In the western wall there is a gap - a stream with drip formations in the form of stalactites, stalagmites and columns, and at the end of the hall there are numerous baths with cold clean water. Water from some of the trays is poured in cascades into the trays located below. The water temperature in them is about 5 ° all year round. Further, the cave turns to the east, steeply going down.
Behind a low and narrow arch formed by stalactites and stalagmites, going down a little, we find ourselves in a vast hall with developed drip formations in its eastern part, which separate this hall from the next. The maximum height of the hall is about 4 m, and its floor gradually rises to a height of 4 m. Further, the cave turns, reaching a height of 5 m, and here in the middle of the hall a huge column of accreted stalactites and stalagmites is found. This hall lies about 43 m below the mouth of the cave.
From the first hall there are passages that rise steeply from the main passage to a height of 1.5 - 2 m. Here one hall is very high, up to 12 m, it is separated from the passage by a whole limestone covered with tuff drip in the form of draperies. Another hall, up to 5 m high, is separated from the previous one by a threshold and well-developed stalagmites. And to get into the next low (up to 2 m) hall, you need to climb a steep rise to a height of 9.5 m. There are stalagmites in the hall, and its ceiling is decorated with beautiful stalactites, which are most richly developed near the southeastern wall. Finally, the cave leads to a low, but significant in area, hall. It is especially richly decorated with completely fresh drip formations. In some places there are fresh, but very small stalactites that look like a cylindrical crust, thin and transparent, at the end with a drop of water. The northeastern (back) wall consists of many small stalactites, columns and draperies, but the vast majority of the decorations, as in the rest of the cave, have been broken off. The ceiling is very low - about 1 m, in the lower part of the hall there is a small bath with water. The upper point of the floor of this hall is 18m higher than the point of the main passage.
Thus, the Suuk-Koba Cave is a combination of horizontal and inclined passages, which together form a complete rotation of the propeller with a stroke height of 43 m, and the entire length of the main passage in plan is 128 m. Due to the accessibility of most of the cave to tourists, it radically changed its natural appearance. They show fresh fractures in the stalactites, which they continue to beat off for themselves "as a keepsake" ...
Suuk-Koba, translated from Crimean Tatar "Cold Cave", (КН 443-19) - a cave in Crimea on the lower plateau of Chatyr-Dag in the form of a tunnel 210 meters long. 7 halls up to 25 meters high. The temperature in it is not more than + 8 ° С.
Description
A small sinkhole in the east side. High arch of the entrance, entwined with green foliage. A long, inclined corridor, littered with limestone blocks, leads to a suite of high halls with domed vaults laid along oblique tectonic cracks cutting through the limestone. This is followed by a descent along the natural steps of the dripping baths and an imperceptible turn back to the entrance. The tour ends in a small hall with wet clay floors. It is located at 43 m below the entrance level. Unfortunately, now all the drip riches of the cave are covered with a thick layer of greasy soot, on which gray caps of mold have formed ... The stalactites are broken, names are carved on the drip columns. A small lake is also littered. But even now the cave amazes with the grandeur of the halls, the height of which in some places reaches 25 m.
There are modern drawings in the cave: little men, sun, deer. On the side of the huge dome-shaped drip, a whole plot is depicted: the warriors under the auspices of the Sun-Deer entered into a fight with the Green Star, their women pray for a successful outcome. In the 90s, a film was filmed in the cave, this drawing was drawn by students of history for the filming of the Soviet-American science fiction film "Stinger". This is, perhaps, the only good thing that man brought to Suuk-Koba.
“It was a real diamond kingdom, where only the dancing of the gnomes and the round dances of underground spirits were lacking. Something so fantastic that it is impossible to describe, and it is useless to describe ... " traveler XIX century. Alas, the jewelry accumulated by nature for centuries has been mercilessly plundered, the cave decoration has been pulled apart piece by piece, and we are left to contemplate the remains of luxury: "hemp" of stalagmites, overturned drip columns and remnants of openwork "curtains".
Only here and there in the mysterious twilight of the cave it is possible to make out calcite flowers and thin pencils of stalactites. The Suuk-Koba corridors stretch for 210 meters, and the floor of its last hall lies at 40 m below the entrance.
Montenegro never ceases to attract and amaze tourists from all over the world with the wonders of nature, not only in the summer with its warm Adriatic Sea and varied or in winter -. In addition, there are many more interesting, unusual and memorable things in Montenegro. Throughout the year, lovers of active and extreme rest, rock climbers and cavers are literally lured to themselves by the majestic Montenegrin mountains, which have preserved their pristine wild beauty, and little-explored caves hidden from the eyes of people in the bowels of the earth for many millennia.
According to speleologists, in Montenegro there is over 10 thousand different caves, but, unfortunately, due to the complexity of the route, many caves are accessible only to specialist speleologists, as well as well-trained extreme lovers.
In fairness, it should also be noted that some of the caves in Montenegro are among the most beautiful speleological sites on a European and world scale. It is rather difficult to say which of the many caves in Montenegro is the most beautiful - they are all amazing and beautiful in their own way. In this article we will tell you about one of them ...
The Ice Age left behind impregnable rocks, deep canyons and many caves, one of which is the most famous, located in the central part of Montenegro and bears the name Icy.
Ice cave in National park Durmitor.
Among all the attractions of Montenegro, it is very popular with amateurs active rest and enjoys Ice cave lying in the bowels of the mountain at an altitude of 2180 meters above sea level in the central part of Montenegro. It is located 7 kilometers from the city, on the northeastern slope of the mountain, which from a distance resembles a human head, which is why it is called by the people - Obla chapter(Obla Glava from black "round head").
Cave coordinates: longitude 19.1064 latitude 43.1549
The ice cave is one of the natural wonders in the territory, which, in turn, has been a natural pearl of Montenegro for many years and in 1980 was included in UNESCO World Heritage List.
The entrance to the cave is covered with snow throughout the year, since in this place the mountain has a steep slope and the sun almost never appears here. Descent directly into the cave goes at a very steep angle and the cover of packed snow is almost always icy. Even for an experienced climber it is not so easy to go down there, and it will be safer for an amateur to admire the frozen beauty in the distance. But if you have already made up your mind, then when going down, be extremely careful and, most importantly, carefully look under your feet.
Lifehack: It is sometimes quite difficult to get inside the cave without special equipment and training, therefore, for amateurs, the hot summer months are the most convenient time of the year to visit the cave. Better yet, go on an excursion with an experienced instructor.
Inside the Ice Cave, there is an unusual natural museum of ice figures - numerous stalactites and stalagmites of various shapes and sizes that do not melt even in the hottest weather. Basically, they resemble tall columns with a hole in the middle, since they are formed from water dripping from above and then freezing in the form of an ice column.
The length of the entire cave is about 100 meters, and one of its ice halls is 20 meters wide and 40 meters long.
Interesting Facts: Even in the middle of the hottest summer months from somewhere from the ceiling of the cave, water is constantly dripping so cold that, typing it into the palm, blood freezes. It is these drops, dripping and freezing in a natural way, that form numerous bizarre ice decorations, from the smallest to those that reach human height.
The bottom of the cave is also covered with ice, and some of the depressions form peculiar pools filled with water. From the main entrance into the depths of the Ice Cave, several long corridors leave, which attract many brave tourists who want to experience all the trails of Zabljak.
Lifehack: There is quite a lot of water in the cave - it drips literally from everywhere, besides, it is crystal clear. That is why this place is ideal for refilling tanks with drinking water for the road back.
Naturally, all this natural splendor, the bewitching beauty of the underworld, cold mountain air, purest water, absolutely transparent ice and constant low temperature, preserving all the cave treasures in their original form, attract many different people visiting Montenegro every year. In order to conquer the peaks of the mountains in Durmitor and see an unusual cave, many tourists organize themselves as part of walking excursion groups, and some experienced climbers decide to do it in pairs or alone.
Hike to the Ice Cave.
The ice cave in Montenegro is accessible for visiting and inspection throughout the year. Several mountain hiking trails of varying complexity lead to it, many of which originate from the famous one located near the town of Zabljak. The one-way hike to the Ice Cave, with halts and stops for photo shoots, will take 2-3 hours, and the total duration of the route can be from four to six hours, depending on preparation. But, believe me, the hike along its mountain ranges, as well as the descent into the kingdom of natural ice sculptures, is really worth it.
Lifehack: In addition to all the well-known trails, there is another shorter path that starts from the Saddle Pass in the Durmitor National Park. Whichever one you choose, you should not forget that in the mountains snow can lie until mid-June and, accordingly, you need to carefully select equipment for the hike.
Along the way, you come across pointers and special marks - red circles that help tourists not to stray from the route. But, despite this, it is rather difficult to find the Ice Cave on your own - therefore, many tourists hire a guide for the hike. 
When you reach your goal, magnificent views of the mountain ranges Durmitor, woodlands and, hidden among centuries-old trees, Black lake and the city of Zabljak.
If you really love real adventures, are ready to experience an explosion of positive emotions and are not afraid of difficulties, then do not hesitate to go to the Ice Cave and your trip will be 100% justified!
