It justifies its name: there are almost a dozen large palaces in which the most important figures of Russian history of the 18th - 19th centuries lived: the offspring of the Romanov dynasty, great nobles, cultural figures. We have selected the most popular ones.
1. Summer Palace of Peter the Great
A very modest two-story palace in Summer garden where Peter the Great lived from May to October for twelve years, from 1712 to 1725. In the time of Peter, a small canal was dug from the Fontanka to the entrance to the palace, so that the royal residence was on the peninsula. The emperor loved it when guests came to him by boats.
Modesty was generally inherent in Peter's buildings. For example, the Marly Palace did not have a main hall at all, and the Summer Palace was not much like the residence of the emperor of a huge country. Luxury is with Menshikov. Peter tried to avoid excesses and used only the most necessary. So all the palaces of those times turned out to be small and cramped. Formally, the palace is registered in the Summer Garden, but is located a few meters from Palace Embankment.
Address: Summer Garden, 2
2. Palace of the Prince of Oldenburg (Betsky House, University of Culture and Arts)
Until the 1770s, there was a theater building in which the Italian troupe constantly performed: as a rule, the courtiers of Elizabeth Petrovna attended its performances. After the death of the empress and the departure of the Italians, the building designed by Rastrelli was demolished, and in 1784 - 1787 a house was built here for Ivan Betsky, who here held classes for pupils of his educational institutions, and also gradually collected a collection of works of art. Ivan Krylov lived there, who opened a printing house in the building and published his magazines.
The house got its second name when Prince Peter of Oldenburg moved in in 1830. Under him, the architect Stasov added on and reconstructed the building. His son, Alexander Oldenburgsky, sold the building to the Provisional Government for a large sum at that time (1.5 million rubles). In 1962, the Leningrad Library Institute was housed here, and the building of the Betsky House was connected with the neighboring House of the Saltykovs. Now it houses the University of Culture and Arts, the famous "kulek".
Address: Palace Embankment, 2
Before, according to the project of the architect Rinaldi, they began to build a palace for the favorite of Catherine II, Grigory Orlov, here at first there was a postal yard, then an animal yard, where the first St. Petersburg elephant lived for a short time, then the building burned down, and then a place was cleared for the square.
The count did not wait for the tsarina's gift, but she bought the palace from Orlov's descendants and gave it to her grandson Konstantin Pavlovich. After that, until 1918, it remained the residence for members of the House of Romanov. Then there was the Russian Academy of the History of Material Culture, then a branch of the Lenin Museum was opened, and since 1992 the Marble Palace has become a branch of the Russian Museum, where mainly exhibitions of contemporary art are held (Warhol, Ludwig Museum, etc.).
Address: Millionnaya Street, 5/1
4. Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace
The third palace, built by Stakenschneider for the children of Nicholas the First (after the Mariinsky and Nikolaevsky). Its design began after the wedding of Mikhail Nikolaevich. Several older buildings in the neighborhood were demolished for the construction of the building. The palace itself is a fine example of early eclecticism and combines in its appearance features of a variety of architectural styles: baroque, rococo, classicism. In addition, in the construction of the Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace, metal structures, rare for those times, were used.
Mikhail Nikolaevich did not have time to immediately enjoy the beauty of the palace, because literally after settling in 1862, he was forced to go as governor to the Caucasus. He returned home only in 1881, when he was appointed chairman of the Council of State. In recent years, he usually did not leave the palace and sat pensively at the windows of the first floor. Passers-by sometimes noticed him and saluted him. After his death, the building passed into the hands of his son Nikolai Mikhailovich. And now there is a library of oriental manuscripts.
Address: Palace Embankment, 18
5. Palace of Vladimir Alexandrovich
Vladimir Alexandrovich is the third son in the family of Emperor Alexander II. The architect of the palace was Messmacher, who would soon build another grand ducal palace (the future House of Music on the Moika). It turned out to be a modest eclectic building, which, due to its masonry, does not fit a little into the ensemble of the Palace Embankment.
Subsequently, by the decision of the Petrograd Soviet, the Grand Duke's palace was turned into the House of Scientists. Herbert Wells was here, academician Vavilov worked here (as chairman of the council). During the Blockade, a hospital was located here. At the moment, there are dozens of various scientific sections in various fields.
Address: Dvortsovaya embankment, 26
6. Small Hermitage
Despite the fact that this building by Felten and Vallin-Delamot is the smallest in the Hermitage ensemble, it is here that some of the most famous exhibits of the Hermitage are located: including the Pavilion Hall, the Clock with a Peacock, as well as the famous Hanging gardens... At first I was there " Winter Garden”, But then, when the building turned from a home residence into a museum, the concept had to be changed. You can look at this garden only from the window.
Address: Palace Embankment, 30
The main St. Petersburg palace, one of the most important museums in the world, a repository of hundreds of masterpieces of artistic culture, is already the fifth in a row. The first was built under Peter, the second, too, the third was ordered to be erected by Anna Ioannovna, the fourth - temporary - was built by Rastrelli, while he was erecting a new one for Elizaveta Petrovna. In the current one, only Catherine the Second settled: Elizabeth did not live to see the end of construction, Peter III was overthrown shortly before the delivery of the palace.
The Winter Palace has witnessed almost all major events in the history of Russia after the 18th century. Monuments to the country's main military victories were built around it, almost all Russian emperors lived here, it was here that one of the loudest attempts on the emperor's life was committed (Khalturin detonated a bomb right under the dining room, Alexander II was not injured), a peaceful demonstration was shot near him on Bloody Sunday ", The Provisional Government sat here and here it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks. Finally, near Winter Palace took place one of the most massive rallies in 1991 and 1993 for democracy. Nowadays, concerts and street sports festivals are often held near the Hermitage.
Address: Palace Embankment, 32
Palace Embankment (Russia) - description, history, location. The exact address, phone, website. Reviews of tourists, photos and videos.
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Palace Embankment can be called one of the most beautiful and famous embankments in St. Petersburg. It is here that the world famous sights are located Northern capital: Hermitage, Winter Palace, Russian Museum, House of Scientists and many others. This street offers an excellent view of the Spit of Vasilievsky Island and Peter and Paul Fortress... The Palace Embankment is located on the left bank of the Neva from the Kutuzov embankment to the Admiralteyskaya embankment. Its length is 1300 meters.
The world-famous sights of the Northern capital are located on the Palace Embankment: the Hermitage, the Winter Palace, the Russian Museum, the House of Scientists and many others. This street offers an excellent view of the Spit of Vasilievsky Island and the Peter and Paul Fortress.
They began to build up the Palace Embankment quite early - at the very beginning of the 18th century. The architectural tone of the buildings was set by the summer and winter residences of Peter I. People close to the king also began to build their houses on this land. In 1705, the first wooden house of General Admiral Fyodor Apraksin appeared. The building defined the red line of the street, and all other buildings began to be erected along this line.
Palace Embankment
Palace Embankment had many names: Nalichnaya Line, Embankment Verkhnyaya Kamennaya Line, Millionnaya. It was often called the Post Office because the Postal Yard was located here. In 1762 the architect Rastrelli built a royal residence here - the Winter Palace. After that, the embankment, the square and the bridge located nearby were called palaces. Already under Soviet rule, the street was renamed the Ninth January Embankment. But in 1944, the old name was returned to her.
To transport the main part of the Alexander Column, which weighs 600 tons, they used a special pier on the Palace Embankment. Engineer Glasin has developed a special bot capable of lifting loads up to 1,100 tons. In order to unload the monolith, they even built a new pier.
Gradually, the embankment became better and better: it was dressed in granite and made easy descents to the river. By the way, until the middle of the 18th century, all St. Petersburg embankments were made of wood. Palace Embankment became the first stone street. Nevertheless, in the 20s of the 19th century, the area around the Winter Palace remained unkempt. The construction of the General Staff building was planned here, and therefore working materials, piles of sand and boards were everywhere, as well as all kinds of warehouses and barns. Nicholas I instructed the architect Karl Rossi to put this place in order. Rossi designed a beautiful descent to the Neva, decorated with sculptures of the Dioscuri and lions. But the emperor was not impressed by the sculptures of young men holding back the horses, so they were replaced with porphyry vases. Subsequently, in connection with the construction of the Palace Bridge, the pier with lions was moved to the Admiralteyskaya embankment.
Palace Embankment has always been famous for the fact that famous and influential people lived here: the Romanov dynasty, poet Ivan Krylov, Count Sergei Witte.
Palace Embankment is practically the same age as Petersburg. In 1705, the house of one of the founders of the Army Fleet, General Admiral Fyodor Matveyevich Apraksin, was built on the then swampy river banks. Later, it was in this house that Anna Ioannovna settled. Like the embankment itself, originally called the Upper, the mansion was made of wood. During the period of active development, the so-called "red line" was defined for the entire street.
In 1712, the Wedding Chambers of Peter I were erected, next to them, the houses of the emperor's entourage gradually grew. Four years later, the personal residence of the tsar was erected here - the Winter Palace of Peter (today it is only partially preserved and is located in the building of the Hermitage Theater). And in 1710-1714, the construction of the palace of the same name was underway in the Summer Garden, designed by Domenico Trezzini, the founder of the European school in Russian architecture. This building has come down to us in an almost unchanged form and is now a branch of the Russian Museum.
The central quarters gradually turned into a kingdom of "stone chambers", but only in the middle of the 18th century, when piles were installed in the shallow water of the river and additionally reinforced the bank with earth, it became possible to build a renovated embankment. It was with Dvortsovaya that the history of the city's stone streets began; it was the first to be dressed in granite slabs in accordance with the plan of the architect Yuri Felten. At the same time, the first staircase moorings appeared. After the completion of the construction of the Winter Palace according to the project of Bartolomeo Rastrelli, its modern name.
However, half a century later, the appearance of the street was not at all ceremonial - between the barns and sheds piled heaps of building materials intended for the construction of the General Staff. By order of Nicholas I, another architect with Italian roots, Carl Rossi, developed a reconstruction project. The descent to the Neva was decorated with bronze sculptures of lions and polished porphyry vases. The latter became a gift to the Russian emperor from King Charles XIV of Sweden. In 1873, both of them were moved to the Admiralty Embankment, where they are still located.
Since its inception, the street has had different names: Nalichnaya or Kamennaya Line, Upper or Millionnaya Embankment, Ninth January Embankment. Since 1944, the name Palace Embankment has been officially confirmed.
Attractions of the Palace Embankment
Palace Embankment is included in the list Cultural heritage Russian Federation... Due to the fact that the building has been going on for more than one decade, it cannot be said that the buildings standing here are made in a single architectural style, each era had its own dominant. Initially, the summer and winter residences of the first Russian emperor, built in the spirit of Peter the Great Baroque, set the tone. Then came the turn of the monumental Rococo. The guests of the city can see the heritage of these styles in the facades of the Winter Palace and the Great Hermitage. But in original form most of the monuments of the 18th century did not survive and were either completely demolished, like the wooden Opera House, on the site of which the Betskoy mansion is now located, or significantly altered in subsequent years, like the Cantemir Palace, which, through the efforts of several architects, turned into Gromov's house.
But today there are many examples of classicism on the Palace Embankment: the Hermitage Theater, which swallowed up the Winter Palace of Peter I, the Marble Palace - the first St. Petersburg building completely faced with natural stone, the Saltykov house with partially preserved interiors, the Betsky house already mentioned above, the Small Hermitage.
The Gromov's mansion and the Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace represent architectural eclecticism, since during the numerous alterations initiated by the heirs or new owners, the architects, to a greater or lesser extent, retained the features of the original buildings. On a separate line it is worth mentioning the former palace of the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, where the House of Scientists is now located. In the second half of the 19th century, it was designed by the first chairman of the St. Petersburg Society of Architects, Alexander Rezanov, in the style of a Florentine palazzo.
It is interesting that for all the heterogeneity of the development, the Palace Embankment in St. Petersburg looks harmonious and architecturally integral.
How to get there
There are docks for motor ships on the Palace Embankment. Nearby there are stops along the route of several buses and trolley buses at once. The nearest metro station is "Admiralteyskaya", but in the warm season it will not be difficult to walk from the stations "Nevsky Prospekt" and "Gostiny Dvor".
Palace Embankment
And, leaning on the colonnades, Granite masses rise as an unshakable row of Palaces Above the darkened Neva! .. N. Agnivtsev.
Location: left bank of the Neva, from Troitsky to Palace Bridge
Palace Embankment, one of the most picturesque in St. Petersburg, is located on the left bank of the Neva, between Kutuzovskaya and Admiralteiskaya embankments. It crosses Suvorovskaya Square and is connected by the Palace Bridge with Vasilyevsky Island, and the Troitsky Bridge with the Petrogradskaya Side. The ensemble of the Palace Embankment includes outstanding in terms of its artistic value architectural structures: Winter Palace, Small and Old Hermitages, Hermitage Theater, Marble Palace, House of Scientists and other buildings.
Soon after the founding of St. Petersburg, in 1715, the general scheme of the Palace Embankment was outlined. In those days, it was called Upper, and retained this name until the end of the 18th century. In 1754-1762, according to the project of the architect Rastrelli, the Winter Palace was erected, which became the royal residence. It was he who gave the name to the Palace Square, Palace Embankment, Palace Proezd and Palace Bridge located next to it. During the heyday of Soviet power, when it became a good tradition to rename streets and avenues, naming them in honor of prominent figures and memorable dates of the revolution, the Palace Embankment turned into the Ninth January Embankment. However, already in 1944, the original name was returned, and has remained unchanged since then.
In the middle of the 18th century, the Palace Embankment was faced with granite; it was complemented by picturesque descents to the water, made by the master G. Nasonov according to the project of the architect I. Rossi. In the 19th century, at the place where the entrance to the Palace Bridge is located today, there was a pier, decorated with bronze sculptures of lions (sculptor I. Prokofiev) and porphyry vases. In 1873 they were moved to the Admiralty Embankment.
On the Palace Embankment there is the former palace of the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich, made by the architect A. Rezanov in the style of a Florentine palazzo. Today it houses the House of Scientists (Dvortsovaya Embankment, 26). House No. 20 belonged to I. Moshkov, chief-quartermaster of Peter I. Old walls of the building are preserved under late plastering. House No. 18 was built in the middle of the 19th century by the architect Stakenschneider for the Grand Duke Mikhail. There is no stylistic unity in the buildings on the Palace Embankment, but its appearance gives the impression of harmony, balance and architectural integrity.
History reference
1715 - creation of the embankment. 1754-1762 - erection of the building of the Winter Palace, which gave the name to the embankment. 1763-1767 - the embankment is faced with granite, slopes to the water are built. 1763-1766 - construction of the Hermitage Bridge over the Winter Canal. 1767-1768 - construction of the Verkhne-Lebyazhiy Bridge over the Lebyazhy Canal. Legends and myths
There are several palaces on the Palace Embankment, including the official royal residence, so it is not surprising that many legends about the palaces themselves and their owners are associated with this place in St. Petersburg. For example, among the Hermitage workers there is a legend about the last owner of the Winter Palace - Emperor Nicholas II. It is said that in the evenings the ghost of the Tsar-Martyr appears in the galleries of the Hermitage, who sadly looks around his former possessions.
Photo 21.07.2011:
Photo May 2015:
Palace Embankment Is one of the most famous streets... Stretches along the left bank of the Neva River from to. It is a continuation, and after it begins.
There are many architectural monuments and sights on the Palace Embankment:
- house number 2 - Palace of the Prince of Oldenburg
- house number 4 - House of Count Saltykov
- house number 8 - Cantemir Palace
- house number 10 - Gagarin's mansion
- house number 12 - House of Saltykova
- house number 16 - Ushakov's mansion
- house number 18 - Novo-Mikhailovsky Palace
- house number 20 - House Moshkov
- house number 22 - Chertkov's mansion
- house number 24 - Trofimov's mansion
- house number 26 - Palace of the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich
- house number 28 - Reserve house of the palace of the Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich
- Upper Lebyazhy Bridge
- Sculpture "The First Horsewoman"
- Monument to Emperor Alexander III
Palace Embankment(based on the book “St. Petersburg and the Suburbs: A Guide to Cultural and Historical Monuments / Yu. G. Ivanov, O. Yu. Ivanova, R. A. Khalkhatov. - Smolensk: Rusich, 2010. - 336 p.: ill. - (Memorable places of Russia) "):
In 1763, after the completion of the next one, the creation of a granite embankment began. For four years, under the guidance of master T. Nasonov, the capital (now Palace) embankment 1.6 km long was laid out of granite blocks in front of the palace. Above the retaining wall, set with a slight slope, a rounded cornice of the sidewalk slightly overhangs. The parapet is made of massive blocks with rounded edges. Rhythmically repeating seven semicircular staircases, the Hermitage equestrian descent, as well as humpbacked stone bridges over the sources, the Red Canal, and the Fontanka completed the creation of the architectural and artistic appearance of the city's front embankment. The Palace Embankment, stretching on the left bank of the Neva from to the bridge, stood for almost two centuries without major repairs and served as a model for the creation of other St. Petersburg embankments.
The appearance of the embankment is formed by buildings of outstanding artistic value, and, as well former palaces and mansions of the nobility. A wonderful view of the wide expanses of the Neva opens from here, and.
Palace Embankment(based on the book "Historical quarters of St. Petersburg / A. G. Vladimirovich, A. D. Erofeev. - M .: AST, 2014. - 544 p."):
This name is familiar and dear to every citizen of St. Petersburg. Today it is even difficult to imagine that the embankment could have had any other names besides this one. Meanwhile, it first appeared in 1776, when the current architectural miracle of Francesco Bartolomeo (or, as it was called in Russian, Bartholomew Varfolomeevich) Rastrelli already existed.
Initially, since 1737, the embankment was called the Nalichnaya line, which was typical for the front, front streets of the city. On April 20, 1738, Empress Anna Ioannovna, at the suggestion of the Commission on the St. Petersburg building, assigns it the name Upper Naberezhnaya Street. This was due to the fact that the street was located upstream of the Neva in relation to the Lower Naberezhnaya street (modern).
The name was used until the middle of the 18th century. In parallel, there were options: Upper Embankment Line, Embankment Upper Kamennaya Line, Upper Embankment of the Neva River, Line, Embankment of the Neva River, line or simply the Embankment Line, Embankment Street, Nevskaya Embankment or Upper Embankment.
But these are far from all names. In the second half of the 18th century, the definition "Millionnaya" was stuck to the embankment - along the line parallel to it. Accordingly, the embankment was Millionnaya Embankment Street, Millionnaya Embankment Line, Millionnaya or Bolshaya Millionnaya Embankment. The last two options were used in parallel with the Palace Embankment until the mid-1790s.
At the beginning of the 19th century, the embankment was called Bolshoi and Bolshaya Dvortsovaya, and the name Dvortsovaya Naberezhnaya street was used until 1822. After that, the modern name was finally fixed for the embankment. For 101 years. For on October 6, 1923, it was renamed the Ninth January Embankment (1905). Moreover, the year was taken in brackets, so it was often omitted when this name was used.
