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Poklonnaya mountain- Memorial to Victory in the Great Patriotic War on Poklonnaya Hill. Moscow. Poklonnaya Gora is a gentle, two-peaked hill in the interfluve and, in the west of Moscow, stretches along. Eastern summit(height up to 166.6 m), separated from the western (171.5 m) deep ... ... Moscow (encyclopedia)
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Poklonnaya Gora - earlier from it you could see all of Moscow and its environs. This was at a time when the city was not yet so big. They say that the name "Poklonnaya Gora" came from the fact that many, on their way to Moscow, looked at the city from here and bowed to it. WITH Poklonnaya mountain many significant events are connected. Here Napoleon waited for the keys to the city in 1812, but did not wait), in 1612 hetman Zholkevsky stayed here, a delegation arrived from Moscow that wanted to put the Polish prince Vladislav on the tsar's throne, from here the Russian troops went to the front during time of the Great Patriotic War.
Previously, Poklonnaya Gora was really a mountain from which Moscow was visible at a glance. Now it is a small hill, from which you can see only the numerous high-rise buildings scattered around, and the Victory Park, which was laid near Poklonnaya Gora in 1958 together with the memorial complex built in honor of our victory in the Great Patriotic War.
Poklonnaya Gora and Park Pobedy are located at the metro station of the same name - Park Pobedy. Accordingly, it is very easy to get here.
The history of the creation of Victory Park
In 1958 to the day Soviet army on the territory of the future park, a symbolic sign "A monument to the Victory of the people of the USSR in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will be built here" was erected. The city authorities have allocated a huge plot of land for development: 135 hectares. Trees were planted, a park was laid. In the 70-80s, money was raised for construction. Residents chipped in on a pretty penny, as a result, "scraped together" 194 million rubles. For a start it was enough, in the future the state helped. The grand opening of the Park, timed to coincide with the fiftieth anniversary of the Great Patriotic War, took place on May 9, 1995.
Victory Park includes many objects with architectural and historical value... The Victory Monument is an obelisk made of extra strong steel, which rises by almost 142 meters - more precisely, by 141.8 meters. The symbolism of this figure is that it was exactly how many days - 1418, the war continued. The obelisk weighs a thousand tons and is covered with bronze bas-reliefs on top. Symbolizes victory bronze figure goddess Nike, installed at the highest point.
There are a lot of fountains in the park. Their exact number is also symbolic - 1418. In the evening, when it gets dark, the fountains are illuminated. It is red in color. For this, the people called them "bloody".
The Museum of the Great Patriotic War is the central object of the Victory Park. It consists of a military-historical exposition, which captures the chronicle of the war years, and an art exposition. The main attraction of the museum is dioramas (six compositions), each of which is dedicated to one of the most important battles The great war... Audiovisual complexes show wartime newsreels, rare archival materials and memorable photographs. The museum is equipped with an automatic search system "Memory Book", which helps to find information about the missing. I have not been to this museum yet, I will try to catch up.
The exposition of the museum continues in the Victory Park itself. Right under open air a grandiose exhibition of military equipment unfolded. Here are more than 300 samples of tanks, aircraft, self-propelled guns, etc., German combat vehicles and equipment from other countries that participated in the war. I was here somehow, on May 9, I will post a photo report soon.
Church of St. George the Victorious in Victory Park
The Church of St. George the Victorious is considered a real shrine of Victory Park. It was laid in close proximity to the memorial on May 9, 1994. The construction was carried out with municipal funds, and the author was the architect Polyansky. The consecration of the Temple took place on May 6, 1995 by Alexei II, His Holiness Patriarch of Moscow.
Memorial Mosque in Victory Park
Not far from the Temple is the Memorial Mosque. The decision to build it was made in October 1992. The foundation stone was installed in March 1995. The opening of the mosque took place on the day of the 850th anniversary of Moscow, September 6, 1997. The mosque is a tribute to the memory of Muslims who died as a result of the hostilities of 1941-1945.
Memorial Synagogue and Holocaust Museum is another part architectural complex... The opening of this facility took place in September 1998 to commemorate the six million Jews who perished as a result of the repressions of the fascist invaders. This is the only museum of its kind in Russia, the expositions of which tell about the contribution of Jews to Russian culture.
In memory of the Spanish volunteers who died during the war, the government decided to build a Catholic chapel, commemorating the unparalleled courage of these brave soldiers.
At the intersection of Kutuzovsky Prospekt with Minskaya Street, there is a monument to the Defenders of the Russian Land. It represents three Russian warriors from different times - a hero from Ancient Rus, a guardsman from the war of 1812 and a soldier who fought during the Second World War. They are installed on a granite plinth.
The Tragedy of Nations monument was erected in 1997 by Zurab Tsereteli. The sculpture reminds of the victims of the fascist genocide. A seemingly endless line of prisoners, united by shaved heads and suffering eyes, tells people about the executions and executions perpetrated by the Nazis.
In 2004, a monument to internationalist soldiers was unveiled on Poklonnaya Hill. Its construction was carried out at the expense of Afghan veterans' organizations. This is a 4-meter bronze figure of a soldier standing on a cliff and looking into the distance.
Tulips bloom in the park in spring. All the flower beds are planted with them. Very beautiful.
Not a single holiday is bypassed by Victory Park. Concerts, folk festivals, etc. are often held here.
Poklonnaya Gora is a memorable place in Moscow and all of Russia as a whole. Poklonnaya Gora was first mentioned in documents of the 16th century, although then it was called somewhat differently - Poklonnaya Gora near the Smolensk (Mozhaisk) road. It is believed that Poklonnaya Gora got its name thanks to an old tradition: every person who arrived in Moscow and left the city bowed to him at this place. It was here that important persons-princes, high dignitaries, ambassadors of foreign states were greeted with a bow. Napoleon did not receive such an honor. "Napoleon, intoxicated with his last happiness, waited in vain for Moscow, kneeling with the keys of the old Kremlin: No, my Moscow did not go to him with a guilty head ..." These unforgettable lines of the greatest Russian poet Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin are associated with the Russian-French war of 1812, when the French emperor, who reached the walls of the capital with his troops, tried in vain to wait for the keys to Moscow from the city authorities.
Memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill
From time immemorial, Poklonnaya Gora has been one of the holy places of both Moscow and the entire Russian land. From here, the Orthodox made obeisances to her shrines. Years, decades have passed, and Poklonnaya Gora has become a real symbol that personifies the Russian soul, the Russian character with such qualities as cordiality and hospitality on the one hand, freedom and independence on the other. And first of all, of course, this is due to the construction of a memorial complex here in honor of the Victory of our people in the Great Patriotic War. This memorial Complex and Poklonnaya Gora itself is now firmly associated among Russians with the immortal feat of the Soviet people, committed in the name of saving the Fatherland.
The decision to build the Victory Monument was made on May 31, 1957. On February 23, 1958, a granite foundation stone was installed on Poklonnaya Hill with the inscription: "A monument to the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will be erected here." In 1961, Victory Park was laid out on Poklonnaya Hill. But the active construction of other components of the memorial complex (the Victory Monument and the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War 1941 - 1945) began only in 1985.
On May 9, 1995, on the day of the 50th anniversary of the Victory, the memorial was solemnly opened. The opening was attended by the leaders of 56 countries of the world. Today it consists of several exposition and exhibition complexes - art gallery, sites of military equipment, military-historical expositions, dioramas, cinema and concert halls, providing all the necessary conditions for scientific, educational, patriotic and educational work. The exposition area occupies 44 thousand square meters, on which more than 170 thousand exhibits are presented.
The museum is rich not only in its unique exhibits. Here, in a solemn atmosphere, ceremonies of bringing young soldiers to the Military Oath, meetings with renowned veterans of the Great Patriotic War are held.
Temples-memory on Poklonnaya Hill
The property of the Memorial Complex is presented not only by the Museum of the Great Patriotic War. Each monument, each building reminds of the feat of such different, but united people of the Soviet Union.
On the territory of the memorial complex there are three churches that belong to different religions. This once again characterizes the multinationality of the liberators of our Motherland.
The first to be built was the Church of St. George the Victorious. In 1995, it was solemnly consecrated. The shrine of the temple is a particle of the relics of the Great Martyr George the Victorious, donated by the Jerusalem Patriarch Diodorus.
Two years later, in September 1997, a memorial mosque was opened. This event fell on the day of the celebration of the 850th anniversary of Moscow.
Temple of Remembrance - Synagogue, was inaugurated on September 2, 1998. The synagogue building was built on the basis of the concept of the Israeli architect Moshe Zarhi. The opening was attended by the President of Russia. An exhibition dedicated to Jewish history and the Holocaust was set up in the basement and in the gallery of the prayer hall.
In 2003, the Memorial Complex was supplemented by a chapel erected in memory of the Spanish volunteers who died during the Great Patriotic War. In addition, a Buddhist stupa, an Armenian chapel and a Catholic church are planned to be built on Poklonnaya Hill in Moscow.
Monumental monuments on Poklonnaya Hill
In Victory Park, which is part of the Memorial Complex, there is an obelisk 141.8 meters high. This height characterizes 1418 days and nights of the Great Patriotic War. At the 100-meter mark, there is a bronze figure of the goddess of Victory - Nika.
At the foot of the obelisk, there is a sculpture of St. George the Victorious, who hits a snake with a spear - a symbol of evil. Both sculptures were made by Zurab Tsereteli.
In 2005, a monument to soldiers of the countries participating in the anti-Hitler coalition was unveiled on the Alley of Partisans. The opening was attended by UN Secretary General Kofi Annan. The author of the monument is Mikhail Pereyaslavets.
In Victory Park there is another most beautiful sight - the flower clock - the largest in the world, the diameter of the dial of which is 10 m, the length of the minute hand is 4.5 m, the hour hand is 3.5 m. The total number of planted flowers on the watch is 7910 pcs. The movement is based on the principles of electromechanics and is controlled by an electronic quartz block.
The nearest metro station to Poklonnaya Gora is Pobedy Park. Immediately upon leaving the station, the Moscow Triumphal Gates will appear in front of you, or simply Triumphal Arch.
It was built in 1829-1834 by the architect O. I. Bove, in honor of the victory of the Russian people in the Patriotic War of 1812. Initially, the arch was installed on Tverskaya Zastava Square, in place of a wooden arch built in 1814 for a solemn meeting of Russian troops returning from Paris after the victory over French troops. Currently, the Triumphal Arch is located on Victory Square, which is crossed by Kutuzovsky Prospect, not far from Poklonnaya Gora. It was moved to this place in 1966-1968. The architecture of the Moscow Triumphal Gates resembles the Narva Triumphal Gates in St. Petersburg.
Poklonnaya Gora has become a traditional gathering place for veterans of the Great Patriotic War. Since the inexorable time takes us further and further away from those heroic events, it is important to use every opportunity to turn to those memorable days, tell and show young people how their great-grandfathers fought, defending the freedom and independence of our Motherland. The exposition of the memorial on Poklonnaya Gora makes it possible to do this.
Photo Memorial complex on Poklonnaya Hill
For children about Russian history: Poklonnaya Gora. Video excursion for children to Poklonnaya Gora. Dedicated to Victory Day.
I am sure that after watching this video you will already know what to talk to children about on Poklonnaya Hill and what you can show them on the first family excursion to this memorable place. Of course, there are still many interesting exhibits on Poklonnaya Gora - both a museum of military equipment and an interesting exposition. But about them - another time.
What you will learn from this short video:
- Why is Poklonnaya Gora so called?
- Why is there a statue of St. George the Victorious near the obelisk on Poklonnaya Hill? Who is George the Victorious? What are St. George's Cross and St. George's Ribbon?
- You can see the monument "Defenders of the Russian Land" on Poklonnaya Hill. Take a closer look at this monument in the photo below. Who will the child see in him? From what time did these warriors come to us? (Russian hero. Warrior of 1812 and a warrior of the Great Patriotic War). Are there such warriors now? How did he know that these were the warriors of the ancient times, from our history? What is the difference between their military uniforms and modern military uniforms?
- What is a "Book of Memory"?
- What do the names of streets and villages in our cities and villages say?
Be sure to talk to your children about the names of the streets around your house after listening. Why are they called that? What's their story? What did these people do, because they are still remembered and the street was named after them?
Have you been with your children on Poklonnaya Hill? What impressions did your kids have from visiting this museum? What interested them the most about the video? Did you have a desire to visit Poklonnaya Gora with the whole family and show these monuments "live"? I would be glad to receive your comments on this topic.
Victory Park (Moscow, Russia): detailed description, address and photo. Opportunities for sports and recreation, infrastructure, cafes and restaurants in the park. Reviews of tourists.
- Last Minute Tours to Russia
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Victory Park is a large memorial complex dedicated to the victory in the Great Patriotic War. It is often called Poklonnaya Gora (Poklonnaya Gora) after the name of the historical area, in the area of which the park is located. Folk festivities are held in Victory Park in holidays, newlyweds come here to lay flowers at the memorial, and the townspeople and guests of the capital rush here to just walk, ride rollerblades and bicycles, and look at the fountains.
In the Museum of the Great Patriotic War - the main object of the entire complex - in the "Book of Memory" section, there are almost 1,500 volumes of Books of Memory, in which the names of the fallen soldiers are inscribed.
How to get there
In the Moscow metro there is a station of the same name "Victory Park", it is easy to find your way after exiting the subway on the spot - the 140-meter stele is visible from afar.
By car, you can drive up to both the main and the western entrance to the park. Focus on the addresses of st. General Ermolov, 4 and Minskaya street, possession 2A, respectively.
A bit of history
For the first time, the proposal to create a monument to the people's feat was voiced by the architect Chernikhov during the Great Patriotic War. However, during the war, this idea did not find its embodiment. The first memorial element was installed in 1958 - it was a granite sign with the inscription "A monument to the Victory of the Soviet people in the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 will be erected here." They laid out a park around the sign and gave it official name Victory Park. The construction of the memorial complex itself began during the time of Brezhnev. The official opening took place on May 9, 1995.
The fire that burns on Poklonnaya Hill is lit by a particle of the Eternal Flame from the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier.
The architectural ensemble of the park consists of a WWII museum, religious memorial structures, as well as monuments and monuments, the newest of which was opened in 2010. Initially, it was assumed that the monument "We were together in the fight against fascism" would be an exact copy of the memorial from Kutaisi (Georgia), which was blown up in 2009, but these plans did not materialize.
Museum of the Great Patriotic War
The Museum of the Great Patriotic War is the main object of the entire complex. Here, in the "Book of Memory" section, there are almost 1,500 volumes of Books of Memory, in which the names of the fallen soldiers are inscribed. Six dioramas in the museum's exposition are dedicated to the main strategic operations of the Great Patriotic War. The Hall of Fame, the Hall of Generals, the Hall of Memory and Sorrow - all of them are designed to perpetuate the memory of the tragic events in the history of our country.
The Museum Fund has large quantity unique items and elements military equipment and equipment, documentary materials, as well as photographs and objects visual arts dedicated to the Great Patriotic War. The originals and copies of documents telling about the joint victory in World War II by England, the USA and other allies of the USSR, as well as many documents of the enemy, help to more clearly restore the sad picture of the events of the war.
Facts
The main alley is decorated with 1,418 fountains - the war lasted for so many days - located on five water terraces - each of them personifies a year of hostilities.
In the center of Victory Park, a stele with a height of 141.8 meters is installed (the number is already familiar to our readers). Above it is a statue of the goddess Nike. At the foot of the obelisk there is a sculpture of St. George the Victorious, striking a serpent with a spear.
