What is the most big mountain in the world, you ask? If the world means our planet, then two mountains claim this place: Mount Everest in the Himalayas and Mount Mauna Kea on Hawaiian Islands... Let's look at each of them, and you yourself will decide what is the largest mountain in the world.
Is Mount Everest the largest mountain in the world or the tallest?
(Photo of Mount Everest # 1)
Mount Everest is named after Sir George Everest, director of the Geodetic Survey of British India from 1830-1843. and is located in the Himalayan mountain system on the Mahalangur-Himal ridge.
Mount Everest is the highest Mountain peak Asia and the highest point on the earth's surface. Its main northern peak is located in China and is equal to 8848 m above sea level. Its southern highest point is located on the border of the Republic of Nepal and Tibet and is 8760 m above sea level.
(Photo of Mount Everest # 2)
In another way, Mount Everest is called "Chomolungma" in the local Tibetan language, which means "Mother Goddess of the World", or there is another name "Sagarmatha" on ancient language india - "Ocean of mother."
Who decided that Everest is the largest mountain in the world? This important discovery was made by the Indian scientist - mathematician and topographer Radhanat Sikdar, who calculated the height of Chomolungma using trigonometry in 1852.
The largest mountain in the world resembles a three-sided pyramid in shape, on the south side there is a very steep bare slope. From its top, giant glaciers begin, which go down the mountain and end at an altitude of 5000 m. The Arun River flows through a special through valley for more than 6 km in a southern direction near Mount Everest.
Many climbers dream of conquering this peak of the world, but for some, this risky climb turns out to be deadly. Until now, about 260 people have died on the slopes of Mount Chomolungma. What is the climate on the largest mountain in the world? For the human body, there is very rarefied air that contains little oxygen, add hurricane winds of 55 m / s, and a very low air temperature - 50-60 degrees (and it feels like 100-120 degrees), intense solar radiation also plays a role, as well as the usual hazards for mountains are avalanches, falling into gorges or from slopes. It is impossible to climb Everest without guides and special expensive equipment. But there were daredevils who were the first to conquer this largest mountain in the world - these are Sherpa Tenzing Norgay and New Zealander Edmund Hillary, who climbed to the top through the South Col in 1953. This is in brief about a beautiful majestic mountain that broke all records for altitude on land. Who is her rival on our planet? Is there another largest mountain in the world?
Volcano Mauna Kea - the largest mountain in the world
(Photo of Mauna Kea Mountain # 1)
The largest mountain in the world, Mauna Kea is an extinct shield volcano, which, with its mega base, is immersed in the depths The Pacific by as much as 6 thousand meters. Visible part the mountain to the top is 4200 m above sea level (in total, the height of the mountain is about 10203 m from the foot to the top) and is located on the Hawaiian Islands, which have a number of active and extinct volcanoes. Opinions about its formation were divided. Some believe that this extinct volcano is millions of years old, while others believe that this mountain, like other mountains, is young enough and was formed thanks to a global earthly catastrophe - the water Flood.
Answering the question about what is the highest point in the world, almost every high school student will confidently answer that it is. Other common names for the peak are Chomolungma and Sagarmatha. The summit lies at an altitude of 8848 meters above sea level. This indicator is recorded in numerous scientific papers and textbooks.
Location
The highest point of the world on the map is located on the border of states such as Nepal and China. The summit belongs to the Great Himalayas mountain range. At the same time, it should be noted that, based on the data that are all the time provided by devices at the peak, as well as with the help of satellites, the researchers proved that Everest, in the literal sense of the word, does not stand still. The fact is that the mountain constantly changes its own moving to the northeast from India towards China. According to scientists, the reason for this lies in the fact that they are constantly moving and crawling one on top of the other.
Opening
The highest point in the world was discovered in 1832. At that time, an expedition of the British Geodetic Service was investigating some of the peaks that were on Indian territory in the Himalayas. During the execution of the work, British scientists noted that one of the peaks (which until then was marked everywhere as "Peak 15") is higher in comparison with other mountains that make up the ridge. This observation was documented, after which the peak was called Everest - in honor of the head of the geodetic service.
Significance to locals
That the world is Everest, locals assumed several centuries before its official discovery by European researchers. They respected the peak very much and named it Chomolungma, which literally translated from the local language means "the goddess - mother of the Earth." As for Nepal, here it is known as Sagarmatha (heavenly peak). Residents of the nearby mountain areas say that at this peak, death and life are separated by a half-step, and people from all directions of the world are equal before God, regardless of their religion. During the Middle Ages, a monastery was built at the foot of Everest, which is called Ronkbuk. The building has survived to this day and is still inhabited.
Other opinions on altitude
In 1954, a number of studies and measurements of the summit were carried out using various instruments and aerial photography. According to their results, it was officially established that the highest point in the world has a height of 8848 meters. It should be noted that, in comparison with our time, the technique used then was not so accurate. This gave some scientists a reason to assert that the real indicator of the height of Chomolungma differs from the official value.
In particular, at the end of 1999 in Washington, within the framework of the meeting of the National geographic society, it was suggested that Everest lies above sea level at an altitude of 8,850 meters, in other words, two meters higher. Members of the organization supported this idea. This event was preceded by the research of several expeditions led by a famous American scientist named Branford Washbourne. First, he delivered high-precision electronic equipment to the summit with his people. Subsequently, this allowed the researcher, using a satellite, to record the slightest deviations in the height of the mountain (in comparison with the previous data). Thus, the scientist was able to quite clearly show the growth dynamics of Chomolungma. Moreover, Washbourne identified the periods of the most significant increase in peak height.
Everest's growth process
The Himalayas are considered one of the most recent geological belts to form on our planet. In this regard, the process of their development is quite active (in comparison with others). Unsurprisingly, the world's highest point continues to rise. Studies show that the most intense growth becomes during high seismic activity not only on the Eurasian continent itself, but on the entire planet. For example, during the first half of 1999 alone, the height of the mountain increased by three centimeters. Several years ago, a geologist from Italy A. Desio, using modern radio equipment, found that now the summit of Chomolungma is at an elevation of 8872.5 meters above sea level, which is 25 meters higher than the officially recorded value.
The largest mountain on earth
There is no doubt that the highest point in the world is Mount Everest. At the same time, it would not be entirely correct to call it the largest mountain on the planet. The fact is that, judging by such an indicator as the total height, the largest mountain should be called Mauna Kea, located not far from Hawaii. The peak rises only 4206 meters above sea level. At the same time, its base lies at a depth of more than ten thousand meters under water. Thus, the total size of Mauna Kea is almost twice that of Everest.
Other highest points of the planet
Be that as it may, each of the continents has the most outstanding peak. The names of the highest mountains in the world by continent are as follows. The highest in the territory South America and the second after Everest on the planet is the peak of Aconcagua (6959 meters), which is part of the Andes and is located in Argentina. Summit McKinley (6194 meters) is located in American state Alaska closes the top three world leaders in this indicator. In Europe, Elbrus is considered the highest (5642 meters), and in Africa - Kilimanjaro (5895 meters). There is also a record holder in Antarctica. The highest mountain here is Vinson (4892 meters).
There are fourteen mountain peaks on Earth with a height of more than eight thousand meters. All these peaks are located in Central Asia. But most of the highest mountain peaks are in the Himalayas.
They are also called the "roof of the world". Climbing such mountains is a very dangerous activity. Until the middle of the last century, it was believed that mountains above eight thousand meters were inaccessible to humans.
We have compiled a rating of ten, which includes the most high mountains in the world.
It is also customary to highlight the 7 highest mountain peaks in the world, one for each part of the world. Climbers who have conquered all these mountains are included in the honorary Seven Summits Club.
There are 2 main lists of the seven peaks of the world. More difficult to climb is the list compiled by the Italian climber Reinhold Messner. In this list, in addition to Asia, Europe, South and North America, Africa, Antarctica, not Australia appears as a part of the world, but Australasia, i.e. region including Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand and the adjacent Pacific islands. Accordingly, instead of the highest peak in Australia - Mount Kostsyushko, whose height is only 2228 meters and which is very easy to conquer, the list includes Mount Jaya in New Guinea, whose height is 4884 meters and which was first conquered only in 1962. The list, compiled by the American climber Richard Bass, is more traditional in terms of Russian geography, in which Australia appears as a part of the world, not Australasia.
Thus, the highest peaks of the world become not seven, but eight. In some interpretations, there are even nine of them, tk. there are still disagreements between geographers about the border between Europe and Asia, so the highest peak in Europe is either Elbrus in the Russian Caucasus, or Mont Blanc in the Alps.
TOP 10 HIGHEST MOUNTAINS IN THE WORLD:
Annapurna - 8091 m .jpg)
This peak reveals the ten highest mountains on our planet. Annapurna is very famous and famous, it is the first Himalayan eight-thousander, which was conquered by people. For the first time, people ascended its summit back in 1950. Annapurna is located in Nepal, the height of its peak is 8091 meters.
The mountain has as many as nine peaks, one of which (Machapuchare) has not yet been stepped by a human foot. Locals consider this peak sacred abode Lord Shiva. Therefore, climbing it is prohibited. The highest of the nine peaks is called Annapurna 1. Annapurna is very dangerous, ascents to its summit took the lives of many experienced climbers.
Nanga Parbat - 8125 m
This mountain is the ninth highest mountain on our planet. It is located in Pakistan and has a height of 8125 meters. The second name of Nanga Parbat is Diamir, which translates as "Mountain of the Gods". For the first time, they were able to conquer it only in 1953. Six unsuccessful attempts were made to ascend the summit. A lot of climbers died while trying to climb this mountain peak.
In terms of mortality among climbers, it occupies a mournful third place after K-2 and Everest. This mountain is also called the "killer".
Manaslu - 8156 m .jpg)
This eight-thousander is ranked eighth on our list of the tallest mountains in the world. It is also located in Nepal and is part of the Mansiri Himal mountain range.
The height of the summit is 8156 meters.
The top of the mountain and the surrounding area are very picturesque. She was first conquered in 1956 by a Japanese expedition. Tourists love to visit here. But conquering the top requires a lot of experience and excellent preparation. While trying to climb Manaslu, 53 climbers were killed.
Dhaulagiri - 8167 m
A mountain peak located in the Nepalese part of the Himalayas. Its height is 8167 meters. The name of the mountain is translated from the local language as “ white mountain". Almost all of it is covered with snow and glaciers. Dhaulagiri is very difficult to climb. They were able to conquer it in 1960. Climbing this peak took the lives of 58 experienced (others do not go to the Himalayas) climbers.
Cho Oyu - 8201 m
Another Himalayan eight-thousander, which is located on the border of Nepal and China. The height of this peak is 8201 meters. It is considered not too difficult to climb, but, despite this, it has already taken the lives of 39 climbers and ranks sixth on our list of the highest mountains on our planet.
Makalu - -8485 m .jpg)
The fifth highest mountain in the world is Makalu, the second name of this peak is the Black Giant. It is also located in the Himalayas, on the border of Nepal and the PRC and has a height of 8485 meters. It is located nineteen kilometers from Everest. This mountain is incredibly difficult to climb, its slopes are very steep.
Only a third of expeditions that have the goal of reaching its summit are successful. During the ascent to this peak, 26 climbers were killed.
Lhotse - 8516 m
Another mountain located in the Himalayas and having a height of more than eight kilometers. Lhotse is located on the border between China and Nepal. Its height is 8516 meters. It is located three kilometers from Everest. For the first time, they were able to conquer this mountain only in 1956.
Lhotse has three peaks, each of which is over eight kilometers high. This mountain is considered one of the highest, most dangerous and difficult peaks for climbing.
Kanchenjunga - 8585 m
This mountain peak is also found in the Himalayas, between India and Nepal. It is the third highest mountain peak in the world: the height of the peak is 8585 meters. The mountain is very beautiful, it consists of five peaks. The first ascent took place in 1954.
The conquest of this peak cost forty climbers their lives.
Chogori (К-2) - 8614 m .jpg)
Chogori is the second highest mountain in the world. Its height is 8614 meters. K-2 is located in the Himalayas, on the border of China and Pakistan. Chogori is considered one of the most difficult mountain peaks for climbing, it was only possible to conquer it in 1954.
Of the 249 climbers who visited its summit, 60 people died. This mountain peak is very picturesque.
Everest (Chomolungma) - 8848 m .jpg)
This mountain peak is located in Nepal. Its height is 8848 meters. Everest is the highest mountain peak in the Himalayas and our entire planet. Everest is part of the Mahalangur-Himal mountain range.
This mountain has two peaks: northern (8848 meters) and southern (8760 meters). The mountain is stunningly beautiful: it has the shape of an almost perfect three-sided pyramid. It was possible to conquer Chomolungma only in 1953. During the attempts to climb Everest, 210 climbers died.
Nowadays, climbing the main route no longer presents any special problems, however, on high altitude daredevils expect a lack of oxygen (there is almost no fire here), heavy wind and low temperatures (below sixty degrees). To conquer Everest, you need to spend at least $ 8,000.
As a rule, the highest peaks of the Sikhote-Alin have a sharply delineated contour and are covered with large-stone placers over vast areas. The relief forms are reminiscent of badly destroyed circuses and punishments of mountain glaciation.
They are composed of sandy-shale deposits with numerous intrusion breakthroughs, which led to the presence of deposits of gold, tin and base metals. In tectonic depressions within the Sikhote-Alin, there are deposits of hard and brown coal.
Basalt plateaus are common in the foothills, of which the largest plateau in area is to the west of Sovetskaya Gavan. Sites of the plateau are also found on the main watershed. The largest is the Zevinsky plateau, on the divide between the upper reaches of the Bikin and the rivers flowing into the Tatar Strait. In the south and east, Sikhote-Alin is a steep mid-mountain range, in the west there are numerous longitudinal valleys and hollows, at heights of more than 900 m - char. In general, Sikhote-Alin has an asymmetrical cross-section. The western macroslope is gentler than the eastern one. Accordingly, the rivers flowing to the west are longer. This feature is reflected in the very name of the ridge. Translated from the Manchu language - the ridge of the large western rivers.
No. Mountain Altitude above sea level (m)
1 Tordoki-Yani 2090 Khabarovsk region, Nanay region
2 Co. 2003 Khabarovsk Territory, district im. Lazo
3 Yako-Yani 1955 Khabarovsk Territory
4 Anik 1933 Primorsky Territory, Pozharsky District
5 Durkhe 1903 Khabarovsk Territory, district im. Lazo
6 Oblachnaya 1855 Primorsky Territory, Chuguevsky District
7 Bolotnaya 1814 Primorsky Territory, Pozharsky District
8 Sputnik 1805 Khabarovsk Territory, region named after Lazo
9 Ostraya 1788 Primorsky Territory, Terneisky District
10 Arsenyeva 1757 Primorsky Territory, Pozharsky District
11 High 1745 Primorsky Territory,
12 Snezhnaya 1684 Primorsky Territory, Chuguevsky District
13 Olkhovaya 1668 Primorsky Territory, Partizansky District
14 Lysaya 1554 Primorsky Territory, Partizansky / Lazovsky districts
15 Taunga 1459 Khabarovsk Territory
16 Izubrina 1433 Primorsky Territory
The inner ridge is much lower than the Main (up to 600 - 760 m above sea level). It stretches parallel to the Main and is separated from it by an inter-ridge depression of 10 - 25 km. In some places, there are isolated low mountains and short ridges with flat peaks, formed during the erosion of the Inner ridge. These are the outlier mountains Mangup, Eski-Kermen, Tepe-Kermen and others - natural bastions on which fortress cities were erected in the Middle Ages.
Above sea level about 250 m, the maximum - 325 m. It lies north of the Inner and is separated from it by a depression from 3 to 8 km wide. The outer ridge is most clearly expressed between Simferopol and Sevastopol. It gradually decreases to the north and imperceptibly passes into the Plain Crimea.
The Inner and Outer ridges are not only lower than the Main ridge, but also differ in their flat, even surface, slightly inclined to the northwest. They form the foothills of the Crimean Mountains.
On Kerch Peninsula two regions are distinguished, delimited by the low Parpachsky ridge. In the southwest it is an undulating plain with a variety of isolated uplands, in the northeast it is a hilly ridge area.
The soils of the Crimea are very diverse. Each physical-geographical region has its own types. In the Sivash region, solonetzic and solonetzic soils prevail; to the south, in the flat part of the peninsula, there are chestnut and the so-called southern chernozem (heavy loamy and clayey with underlying loess-like rocks); mountain meadow and mountain chernozems were formed on the yayls; on the slopes of the Main Ridge, covered with forests, brown mountain forest soils are widespread. special brown soils, similar to subtropical red soils.
The name Tien Shan means "heavenly mountains" in Chinese. According to E.M. Murzaev, this name is a tracing paper from the Turkic Tengritag, formed from the words: Tengri (Heaven, God, divine) and tag (mountain).
The Tien Shan system includes the following orographic regions:
Northern Tien Shan: Ketmen, Zailiyskiy Alatau, Kungei-Alatau and Kirghiz ridges;
Eastern Tien Shan: Borokhoro, Irene-Khabyrga, Bogdo-Ula, Karlyktag Khalyktau, Sarmin-Ula, Kuruktag ridges
Western Tien Shan: Karatau, Talassky Alatau, Chatkalsky, Pskemsky and Ugamsky ridges;
Southwestern Tien Shan: ridges that frame the Fergana Valley and include the southwestern slope of the Fergana Range;
Inner Tien Shan: from the north it is bounded by the Kyrgyz ridge and the Issyk-Kul depression, from the south by the Kokshaltau ridge, from the west by the Fergana ridge, from the east by the Akshiirak mountain range.
The Tien Shan mountains are considered one of the highest in the world, among them there are more than thirty peaks over 6,000 meters high. The highest point of the mountain system is Pobeda Peak (Tomur, 7439 m), located on the border of Kyrgyzstan and Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China; the next highest is the Khan Tengri peak (6995 m) on the border of Kyrgyzstan and Kazakhstan.
Three mountain ranges diverge from the Central Tien Shan to the west, separated by intermontane basins (Issyk-Kul with Lake Issyk-Kul, Naryn, At-Bashynskaya, etc.) and connected in the west by the Fergana ridge.
In the Eastern Tien Shan, there are two parallel mountain ranges (height 4-5 thousand m), separated by depressions (height 2-3 thousand m). Highly raised (3-4 thousand m) leveled surfaces - sirty are characteristic. The total area of glaciers is 7.3 thousand km², the largest is South Inylchek. Porous rivers - Naryn, Chu, Ili, etc. Mountain steppes and semi-deserts dominate: northern slopes meadow-steppes and forests (mainly coniferous), higher subalpine and alpine meadows, so-called cold deserts on syrts.
From west to east it is 2500 km. Mountain system in Wed. and Center. Asia. Length from 3. to E - 2500 km. Alpine folding, remnants of ancient leveled surfaces have been preserved at an altitude of 3000-4000 m in the form of syrts. Modern tectonic activity is high, earthquakes are frequent. Mountain ranges are composed of igneous rocks, hollows - sedimentary rocks. Deposits of mercury, antimony, lead, cadmium, zinc, silver, in the basins - oil.
The relief is predominantly alpine, with glacial forms, talus; permafrost is widespread above 3200 m. There are flat intermontane basins (Fergana, Issyk-Kul, Naryn). The climate is continental, temperate. Snowfields and glaciers. Rivers belong to the basins of internal flow (Naryn, Ili, Chu, Tarim, etc.), Lake. Issyk-Kul, Song-Kel, Chatyr-Kel.
The first European explorer of the Tien Shan in 1856 was Pyotr Petrovich Semyonov, who received the title "Semyonov-Tyan-Shansky" for his work.
PIK PUTIN
The Prime Minister of Kyrgyzstan Almazbek Atambaev signed an order on assigning one of the peaks of the Tien Shan after Russian Prime Minister Vladimir Putin.
"The height of this peak reaches 4500 meters above sea level. It is located in the Ak-Suu river basin, on the territory of the Chui region," the head of the Kyrgyz government said.
One of the peaks of the Tien Shan in the Issyk-Kul region of Kyrgyzstan is named after the first president of Russia, Boris Yeltsin.
Mount Zugspitze - the highest mountain in Germany
Bavaria does not claim to be the “roof of the world”. But even here, in Bavaria, snow-capped cliff tops, even in summer, are the norm. For example, the Zugspitze mountain - the highest mountain in Germany, is located in the Bavarian Alps. From here, in winter and summer, an endless, exciting perspective opens up on the snow-covered world of the rocky Alps. The height of the Zugspitze is 2,964 meters.
This peak is located on the very border of the Austrian Tyrol and German Bavaria. The summit was conquered not so long ago, almost 200 years ago. Today, the ascent to the peak takes about 15 minutes by funicular or about 60 minutes (with a change) by a special train. This climb is very impressive. Even we, local residents, guides and tour guides, each time perceive this beauty as for the first time.
Mount Zugspitze is the highest mountain in Germany, therefore, if you choose the town of Garmisch-Patenkirchen as a starting point for this peak, then ascending the Zugspitze, a special train will make a couple of intermediate stops at which those tourists who prefer to "conquer" the last few hundred meters on foot (in winter these are skiers who do not need to climb the very peak). At the very top there is surprisingly fresh clean air. Here our guests have the opportunity to see enough of the beauty of the surrounding mountains and territories, wander, enjoy the thrill of being chosen. Those interested can take a picture on an automatic camera mounted on the top observation deck... To do this, you need to stand at the marked point on the terrace and press the button located at hand. Everything, the photo is ready! Then, below, pick up the finished photos or send them directly in electronic form to friends or parents / children.
How to get from Munich to the Zugspitze mountain in Garmisch-Partenkirchen
There are several options for how you can do this. Choose the one that suits your wallet and soul:
1. If you are not burdened with luggage and the habit of comfortable travel, then you can buy a train ticket and get directly to the city of Garmisch-Partenkirchen, from which, already by funicular or by a special train, go up to the Zugspitze.
2. You can, of course, take a car at any Munich rental office and take a leisurely look at the surroundings to get to Garmisch-Partenkirchen, and even better to the village of Grainau and the Eibsee lake on its outskirts, on the banks of which there is both parking and beautiful views, leave the car at the foot of the Alps and climb the Zugspitze.
Poland
The highest mountains in Poland, the Tatras are a mountain range that forms the natural border between Slovakia and Poland. Peaks Gerlachovsky Shtit (Slovakia) and Rysy (Poland) are the highest points in these countries. We suggest you go on a photo tour of the Tatra Mountains. The Tatras cover an area of 750 sq. Km, most of of which (600 sq. km) lies on the territory of Slovakia, and the highest point - Gerlachovský Shtit (2655 m) is located north of Poprad.
In turn, Rysy (2499 m) is located in the northwestern part of the Tatras. This is the highest point in Poland. The Tatras lie in the temperate zone of Central Europe. It is an important barrier to air masses. Their mountain typography is the source of one of the most varied climates in the region. Temperatures range from 40 ° C in winter to 33 ° C in warmer months.
The temperature also depends on the altitude and the sunny side. Temperatures below 0 ° C are at the peaks for 192 days. The mountains are very diverse world flora. More than 1000 species of vascular plants, about 450 species of moss, 200 species of liverwort, 700 lichens, 900 mushrooms and 70 slime molds grow here.
There are five climatic zones in the Tatras. The animal kingdom is no less diverse here: 54 tardigrades, 22 turbellaria species, 100 rotifer species, 22 copepods, and 162 spiders. 81 species of molluscs, 43 species of mammals, 200 species of birds, 7 species of amphibians and 2 species of reptiles. The Polish part of the Tatras was declared a national park in 1955. The lower parts of the mountains are overgrown with forest.
Mountains of Kazakhstan
Dzhungarskoe Alatau is another famous mountain system of Kazakhstan. In some places the peaks reach heights of 4500 and more meters. At this height, eternal ice... In the western parts of the mountains, rare species of animals live: gazelles, argali and ibex. The fame of this area has brought not only endangered species of animals and the ever-snowy peaks of the mountains, but also history.
In the mountains, rock paintings of ancient Central Asian nomads and burial graves, which are already more than 2000 years old, were discovered! The Tien Shan mountains in Kazakhstan are located in the southeast. Some of the animals that live here are listed in the Red Book - the Tien Shan bear and the snow leopard. The Tien Shan mountains are famous for the Khan Tengri peak, which is considered one of the highest in the world. Its height is 7,010 m, taking into account the ice sheet. Without it, the mountain is 15 meters lower. The average height of the local mountains exceeds 4000 meters.
Another beautiful place is the Turgen Gorge, known as the Land of Waterfalls. There are many springs, hot springs, waterfalls and lakes with the purest water... A small river Assy flows nearby. Subalpine and alpine meadows slide down the slopes of the mountains. Not far from these places are the Saka burials, which hide the ancient secrets of the nomads. Bayanaul Mountains Separately, I would like to say about these mountains, which cover the south-west of the country. Their size is small - only about 50 km from west to east and about 25 km from north to south. The highest point is 1027 meters above sea level and is called Akbet. The mountains themselves are located on the left bank of the Irtysh River. This is very unusual mountains: layered, rounded, with practically no steep slopes. Interesting fact: for millions of years of existence of the mountain range, not a single stony rock has been covered with moss or vegetation.
Bazarduzu, Azerbaijan
Coordinates: 41 ° 13'16 ″ s. NS. 47 ° 51'29 "in. etc.
Height: 4466 m
Translated from the Turkic language, "Bazarduzu" is translated as "Turn to the bazaar". So interesting name the mountain owes to the fair held in the Shahnabad valley. Numerous merchants and buyers, representatives of various nations, gathered here.
Lezgins, Nogays, Armenians, Arabs, Persians, Jews and many others. The mountain, towering above all the other peaks, is an excellent landmark for merchants from distant lands. The caravan was approaching the Bazarduzu glacier, and the drivers knew that from here they had to turn left and now it was the market square.
By the way, the local Lezgins call the mountain "Kichensuv", which translates as the Mountain of Fear.
Bazarduzu is not completely located in Azerbaijan, most of it lies on the territory of Russia. Therefore, the mountain is also the highest point of Dagestan (Republic of Dagestan).
Despite this, officially, Bazarduzu is the highest mountain in the country. Located on the Main Caucasian ridge of the Greater Caucasus mountain system, the mountain has a height of 4466 meters. This is the top of the dividing ridge and the last massif extending to the east. After that, a gradual decrease in the relief begins, the slope is covered by the channels of numerous rivers. Even at the beginning of the 20th century, there were eight glaciers, the largest of which was called Tikhitsar. The total area of the people was about 13.8 square kilometers. Now there are several small glaciers and a firn cap with an area of 3.6 square kilometers (firn is an intermediate state between snow and ice, dense, packed perennial snow). The Bazarduzu glaciers are the easternmost group of glaciers throughout the Main Caucasus.
Weathering processes play an important role in shaping the appearance of the mountain. Therefore, the slopes of the summit are very beautiful. A little lower there are alpine meadows, where in summer months thousands of sheep and goats are feeding. Chamois, roe deer and herds of the Dagestan tur are preserved here. There is even such a rarity as mountain turkeys.
The first ascent officially recorded in the documents was the conquest of the mountain by a topographer from Russia, Sergei Timofeesich Alexandrov. In May 1849, he single-handedly climbed and installed a triangulation tower at the top.
Another record is the Azerbaijani athletes Turan Akhmedov and Rusif Bagirov. They climbed and descended in just 9 hours. This is the local speed ascent record.
Moldoveanu, Romania
Mountain in Romania. The height above sea level is 2544 m, which makes the mountain the highest point in the country. It is located in Moldoveanu in the very center of Romania, in the Fagaras mountain range (South Carpathians) in the territory of the Arges county. Geologically composed of crystalline rocks. The slopes of the mountain are covered mainly with coniferous forests, higher mountain meadows are located.
Padesh
The highest point of the Carpathian massif is Poiana-Ruske. Height - 1382 m. Geographically, the mountain belongs to the county Timis (Romania).
Pop Ivan
Mountain in the Ukrainian Carpathians, near the Hutsul Alps, one of the peaks of the Marmarosh mountain range. Height 1936.2 m. Located on the border of Ukraine and Romania. The top of the mountain is adjacent to a higher unnamed one, 1937.7 meters. The shape is pyramidal, the northern and eastern slopes are steep. Small lakes can form around the mountain seasonally. There are meadows on significant areas. Many rare plants grow.
Oticu
A pass in the Southern Carpathians on the Otiku saddle between the valleys of the Ryul Doamney rivers (namely, its tributary, the Vaselat river) and Dymbovitsa (the Boyarkeshu river) on the junction of the ridge. Coltsi Kremeni, Muncius Groapele, Muncius Mezia (Boarkeshu Ridge), and Kulme Piscanu of the Muncii Iser-Papusha massif.
Budichevska Bolshaya
Mountain in the Ukrainian Carpathians, in the Chivchyna massif. It is located in the Verkhovynsky district of Ivano-Frankivsk region, south of the village of Burkut. The height is 1677.9 m. The foot and slopes of the mountain are covered with forests, higher - meadows. The slopes are steep. The summit is located on the main ridge of the Chivchinsky mountains, has several spurs, especially a long northern spur. To the east is the highest peak of the Chivchinsky mountains - Chivchin (1769 m).
Bucegi
Mountain range in central Romania, part of the South Carpathians. Bucegi is one of the highest mountains in the country, Omu, their highest point, only 39 m lower than Moldovyanu, the highest point of the country. The mountains are located south of the city of Brasov. Geologically, the massif consists of three ridges - Bucegi, Liaota and Piatra Craiului.
Vigorlat-Gutinsky ridge
The mountain range of the Carpathians, located on the territory of Ukraine, Slovakia and Romania. The length of the ridge within Ukraine is about 125 km, width - from 8 to 20 km. The valleys of the Tisza tributaries (Uzh, Latoritsa, Borzhava and Rika) divide the ridge into separate massifs - Vigorlat, Makovitsa, etc. From the north and north-east, the ridge adjoins the Berezno-Lipshansky intermountain valley, from the south and south-west - to the Transcarpathian lowland. In the southeast it borders on the Khust-Solotvinskaya depression.
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SOURCE OF INFORMATION AND PHOTOS:
Team nomad
The highest mountains in the world.
Natural Monuments of Russia | PAs of Russia (Russian). oopt.aari.ru.
Mountain systems of the world.
http://top10a.ru/top-10-samyx-vysokix-gor-v-mire.html
https://www.smileplanet.ru/dostoprimechatelnosti/gory/
The relief of our planet is bizarre deep depressions replaced by high mountains. There are 14 peaks on Earth that "have overcome" the 8000 m line. But the highest of the "eight-thousanders", which at first glance are inaccessible, are especially attractive for climbers.
Conquering the highest peak on the planet is the dream of all climbers. What are the tallest mountains in the world?
Fifth place - Makalu (8485 meters, Himalayas)
Unlocks the rating of the five highest mountains of the Makalu Land. Located practically in the center of the Himalayas, on the border of China and Nepal, the peak is part of the Mahalangur-Hemal mountain range. Extremely steep slopes and year-round glaciation make the mountain incredibly difficult to climb, with less than a third of all expeditions crowned with success. The first successful attempt to conquer the summit was recorded in 1955. 26 climbers died while climbing.
The mountain range consists of two peaks, its shape resembles a four-sided pyramid. The local population treats Makalu with reverence and some fear, respectfully calling it "Black Giant". Makalu peak height 8485 meters.
Fourth place - Lhoztse (8516 meters, Himalayas)
The nearest "neighbor" of Everest is only 3 km away. Lhoztse is located on the border of China and Nepal and is part of the Nepalese Sagarmatha National Park. Known for a long time, the mountain conquered only in 1956. Of all the eight-thousanders, the summit has the smallest number of routes, and successful ascents account for only 25%.
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The mountain has an unusual shape of a three-sided pyramid, it has three peaks, and each one is higher than 8000 meters. Translated from Tibetan, the name Lhoztse sounds like "southern peak". The height of this mountain is 8516 meters.
Third place - Kanchenjunga (Himalayas)
Kanchenjunga is the third highest mountain peak in the world, its height is 8586 meters. Until the middle of the century before last, when Chogori and Everest were discovered, it was considered the highest in the world... The first successful ascent of the mountain happened in 1954. During the conquest of the summit, 40 climbers were killed. Moreover, contrary to the tendency characteristic of other "8000ers", the mortality rate does not decrease over time, but on the contrary grows. According to the Nepalese legend, Kanchenjunga is a mountain woman who, out of jealousy, kills women seeking to conquer the peak.
Roerich's painting "Kanchenjunga" Located on the border of India and Nepal, the peak is extremely picturesque, translated its name sounds like "5 treasures of the great snows". Extraordinary beauty Kanchenjungi captivated the Russian philosopher and educator Nicholas Roerich. On canvases, he captured the unique natural charm of a mountain peak.
The highest mountains in the world have different names, but at the same time they can be called briefly - Seven Peaks is a term that appeared in 1985 at the suggestion of Richard Bass (the man who first conquered all seven peaks) and united the seven highest peaks on each continent. This association is not equal to the rating of the highest mountains in the world, most of which are located in Nepal. This list is made up of mountains, each of which is the highest on its continent.
The highest peak in North America is located in Alaska and is the center National park Denali. The top of Mount McKinley is 6194 meters from the ground. This mountain is the third in the world in terms of topographic position, it was overtaken only by Everest and Aconcagua. And if you take into account the ratio of the base to the peak, then McKinley is the highest mountain in the world. The mountain got its name in honor of the American president, and the Indian name - Denali - means "great."
Part of the Andes and with a height of 6959 meters, Mount Aconcagua is considered the most high peak South America. The mountain is located in the Argentine province of Mendoza and is 15 km away from the border with Chile. The name of the mountain comes from the words in the language of the Quechua people "stone guard".
Europe - Mount Elbrus (Russia)
Elbrus is an inactive 5642 meter high volcano located in the Caucasus Mountains on the border of Russia and Georgia.
Elbrus has several other names, the most romantic of which is translated from Adyghe and Kabardino-Circassian means "mountain that brings happiness."
Asia - Mount Everest (Nepal / China)
The highest mountain in the world, Everest, is located exactly on the border of Nepal and China. Everest is part of the Himalayas - the highest mountain range in the world. It is here that the highest mountains in the world are located. The height of Everest is 8848 meters. Everest attracts all climbers in the world and this is understandable. Technically, Everest's routes are not very difficult, but they add problems such as altitude sickness, strong winds and disgusting weather... The name Everest is English - in honor of the head of the geodetic service, who first told the European community about this peak. The mountain has the Tibetan name Chomolungma (the divine mother of life) and the equivalent Nepalese Sagarmatha (mother of the gods).
The highest mountain on the African continent is dormant volcano, the highest point of which is 5895 meters distant from sea level. Moreover, Kilimanjaro has three peaks, two of which are extinguished, and the third may well wake up. Kilimanjaro erupted 360 thousand years ago, but volcanic activity Kibo Peak (the highest of the three) was sighted 200 years ago, suggesting that the volcano is potentially active. In Swahili, the name Kilimanjaro means "sparkling mountain".
The highest point in Oceania is also the tallest mountain in the world and is located on the island. Punchak Jaya is located in the west of the island New Guinea... The height of Punchak-Jaya Mountain, which is also called simply Jaya or Karstenza Pyramid, is 4884 meters. The name of the mountain in Indonesian means "mountain of victory".
Antarctica - Mount Vinson
The seventh of the highest mountains in the world got its name in honor of Carl Vinson, an American eminent politician. The Vinson Massif is part of the Ellsworth Mountains and has highest point, removed from sea level at 4892 meters.
Seven mountains, each of which is unique in its origin and beauty, beckon climbers from all over the world. The climbers who have conquered the Seven Peaks are united in an informal community.
