Abram Cape is a microdistrict Murmansk which is located on the opposite shore of the Kola Bay from the city. Accordingly, this isolation is reflected in the general situation in this place. Among the residents of Murmansk, the area is famous first of all for the legendary recreation center where at one time various rock concerts were held, which, as a rule, ended in fights with gopota; as well as a war memorial, which is partially visible from the other side ...
From Murmansk directly across the Kola Bay, you can cross the boat in 10 minutes or go for an hour to take a detour by bus ...
From Murmansk directly across the Kola Bay, you can sail by boat in 10 minutes or go for a full hour by bus ...
At low tide, the fjord looks gloomy ...
At low tide, the fjord looks gloomy ...
On Abram Cape itself, there are also many gloomy pictures, here is just one example of devastation ...
On Abram Cape itself, there are also many gloomy pictures, here is just one example of devastation ...
This barrack house just left for AD !!!
War memorial
War memorial
To the defenders of the Soviet Arctic ...
To the defenders of the Soviet Arctic ...
Ice Sentinel
Ice Sentinel
View of Murmansk: port, railway station, "Arctic" ...
View of Murmansk: port, railway station, "Arctic" ...
Memorial Cemetery of Soviet Wars in Murmansk was originally the burial place of the victims in the Soviet-Finnish ... As the compilers of the book note "Soviet-Finnish war" P.V. Petrov and V.N. Stepakov, "In the Murmansk direction, unlike other sectors of the Soviet-Finnish front, the bodies of killed and deceased servicemen were sent to the rear. In the combat zone, this was done by orderlies of divisional medical battalions and hospitals. The corpses were delivered by car to Petsamo, from where they were transported further to Murmansk. ".
In accordance with the "List of 14th Army servicemen buried at the fraternal cemetery in the city of Murmansk, who died and died during the war with the White Finns. December 1939 - March 1940" drawn up shortly after the end of the Winter War and signed by the chief of staff of the 14th Army, Major General B.A. Pigarevich, a total of 197 soldiers and officers were buried in 8 mass graves at the Murmansk cemetery.
In accordance with the "List of 14th Army servicemen buried at the fraternal cemetery in the city of Murmansk, who died and died during the war with the White Finns. December 1939 - March 1940" drawn up shortly after the end of the Winter War and signed by the Chief of Staff of the 14th Army, Major General B.A. Pigarevich, a total of 197 soldiers and officers were buried in 8 mass graves at the Murmansk cemetery.
Hero of the Soviet Union, political instructor of the company Vladimir Dmitrievich Kapustinr, who distinguished himself in a bayonet attack near Petsamo. Wounded twice, he remained in the ranks until he died.
Hero of the Soviet Union, political instructor of the company Vladimir Dmitrievich Kapustinr, who distinguished himself in a bayonet attack near Petsamo. Wounded twice, he remained in the ranks until he died.
In 1984, according to the project of the architect E. Yemelyanov, a memorial wall was erected at the military cemetery with the names of the soldiers buried here: in one part of the wall - those who died in the Soviet-Finnish war, in the other - in the Great Patriotic War. The negligence of the lists and their compilers is evidenced by the fact that on the memorial wall of the Murmansk military cemetery there are only 123 names from the aforementioned official List of servicemen who died in the Winter War and were buried at the Murmansk military cemetery. 42 of them, moreover, contain errors. For example, the Red Army soldier Trofim Tokun is listed on the wall as "Kokun", and the military assistant Ustinya Pavlovna Piyaro turned into "Piyarova". And there are many such examples. And the saddest thing is that 74 names of the soldiers who died in the Sevetsko-Finnish war and were buried in the cemetery are not mentioned at all on memorial plaques.
During the Great Patriotic War at the memorial cemetery, they buried mainly those soldiers who died in Murmansk hospitals from their wounds. According to some reports, over the years of the War, about 1300 Soviet servicemen found their last shelter here ...
The grave of Anatoly Fedorovich Bredov - his ashes were transferred here from the battlefield after the stink. Bradov is especially revered in Murmansk, during the Petsamo-Kirkenes operation, he destroyed the enemies who surrounded him with the last grenade and died himself.
The grave of Anatoly Fedorovich Bredov - his ashes were transferred here from the battlefield after the stink. Bradov is especially revered in Murmansk, during the Petsamo-Kirkenes operation, he destroyed the enemies who surrounded him with the last grenade and died himself.
Firefighter military Murman
Firefighter military Murman
Information taken from the book "Murmansk Necropolis", authors - Pavel Fedorov and Alexander Sinitsky. I recommend this book to anyone interested in history. Kola Territory.
Object coordinates:
Several names are associated with the toponym "Abram" on the Kola coast. In addition to the cape and the Abram-Mys microdistrict, there is also Abram-Pakhta, a steep rocky coast of the Kola Bay, one and a half kilometers south of Abram-Cape, and Abram-Tundra, a hill to the west of Abram-Pakhta. Abram-korga had the same name, a sandbank in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-buttermilk. Currently, the corga was blown up and removed, as it prevented ships from approaching the fishing port.
All these names have been known since the 17th century. True, in the documents of 1608-1611 it was written "Abraham's buttermilk" - that was the name of the local tonya, however, in the documents of the same time, no Abraham was listed among the owners of the tonya.
Artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, I heard the legend about Barlaam (Abraham, Abram) -Keretsky - the Kola priest of the time of Ivan the Terrible. It also mentions a steep rock called Abram buttermilk. "Oral tradition, - writes Polenov in the book" Reviving North ", - changed the name of Barlaam or Abraham to Abram."
And the legend said that a devil sat on this rock, blocking the exit from the Kola Bay into the Arctic Ocean. This devil left his buttermilk to embarrass Abraham, when he stood in prayer in the chapel, the devil entered his house, to his wife, disguised as a lover. When Abraham drove with his wife's corpse past the formidable buttermilk, the devil for the first time freely let a man go to the ocean. When Abraham returned with the decaying corpse of his wife, the devil was no longer there, and access to the ocean has been free ever since.
In 3.5 km north of Abram-corgi, closer to the western coast, there is the drying sandbank Anna-corgi. And this name is not related to the owner of the tony. At the beginning of the 17th century, there was "the Tonya of Anokorg Mikulka Zlygosta, which was older than this Petrovsky monastery of Hegumen Gideon and the brethren." It is possible that the name of Tony Anokorga and the shallows of Anna-Korga are not identical toponyms, but in this case folk art also manifested itself, forming from "Ano" - "Anna", as opposed to Abram.
The history of the Abram-Mys microdistrict itself begins in 1920, when the village of Varyazhsky Ruchey arose on the western side of the Kola Bay, not far from the mouth of the Varyazhsky stream flowing into the Kola Bay just south of the current Lesnaya Street. In 1926, about 20 people lived here. In the thirties, a water intake was built on the stream for filling tugs and small ships with water. In 1937, ship repair workshops from the Taurus Island moved here. They were built in 1930 for the repair of collective farm fishing motorboots. In 1937, 600 people lived in the Toros-island camp, including up to 120 ship repairmen. After the relocation of the workshops at Cape Abram, the village of Abram-Mys arose. By 1938, it was home to 379 people. At present, there is a shipyard No. 2 and a well-maintained village.
During the war, on the high steep coast of the Kola Bay, opposite Murmansk, near the village of Abram-Mys, there were air defense units that protected the Kola Bay, military facilities in Polyarny, Severomorsk and Murmansk itself from enemy air raids. At this place, in 1988, a memorial complex was laid, dedicated to the anti-aircraft gunners of the 1st Air Defense Corps. Then the construction of this memorial was attended by students of Murmansk schools, GPTU-14, cadets of MVIMU, labor collectives and soldiers of the Murmansk garrison. The complex included an anti-aircraft gun, a rocket, two fighter aircraft - the Yak-9 and the post-war Su-15, an aerial bomb and a dugout.
When preparing the description a year ago, the materials were taken from the site, which, as it turned out, is no longer working. But most likely, the primary source of the text about Abram-Cape is a fragment of an article by Vasily Muzhikov "Toponyms of Murmansk" from the Almanac "Living Arctic" No. 1 for 2000. For those interested in the history of the region, I recommend following the link.
It is more interesting to get to Abram-Cape on the boat... It runs in the morning (6:40, 7:15, 8:00) and in the evening (17:15, 18:15) from the Marine Station and in 10 minutes you are at Abram-Cape (on weekends the boat does not run now). The schedule can be found on the website of the "MASCO" company. Since 2015, the movement of passenger boats has been canceled.
Buses:
24th goes from Murmansk from the city center from Leningradskaya street, it is not far from the railway station, at the Rosneft gas station. It runs once an hour, but around 11, 16, 20 and 21 it is not there, and the weekend schedule differs from weekdays. Therefore, check the schedule at the bus stop, especially on the way back (the bus leaves Abram-Cape in the evening at 19:15, and the next one only at 22:09). The final one is in the Abram-Cape itself.
111th from the bus station (in Mishukovo) runs for many years without changes according to the same schedule 6.30, 11.00, 14.50, 19.50. He turns off the highway, drives into Abram-Mys, and then returns to the highway and continues along the route.
24th goes faster - it goes through the "new" bridge, 111th goes through the Kola on the "old" bridge.
The history of the Abram-Mys microdistrict is as follows. In 1920, on its territory, not far from the mouth of the Varyazhsky brook, which flows into the Kola Bay just south of st. Lesnoy, the village of Varyazhsky Ruchey arose. In 1926, about 20 people lived here. In the thirties, a water intake was built on the stream for filling tugs and small ships with water. In 1937, ship repair workshops from the Taurus Island moved here. They were built in 1930 for the repair of collective farm fishing motorboots. In 1937, 600 people lived in the Toros-island camp, including up to 120 ship repairmen. In connection with the relocation of workshops at Cape Abram, the village of Abram-Mys arose. By 1938, it was home to 379 people.
In addition to the microdistrict and the cape, the names Abram-pakhta, the steep rocky coast of the Kola Bay half a kilometer south of Abram-cape, and Abram-tundra, an upland to the west of Abram-pakhta, are associated with the toponym Abram. Abram-korga had the same name, a sandbank in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-buttermilk. Currently, the corga was blown up and removed, as it prevented ships from approaching the fishing port and approaching the SRZ-2 docks.
All these names have been known since the 17th century. True, in the documents of 1608-1611 it was written "Abraham's buttermilk" - that was the name of the local tonya, however, in the documents of the same time, no Abraham was listed among the owners of the tonya.
The artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, heard the legend about Barlaam (Abraham, Abram) -Keretsky - the Kola priest of the time of Ivan the Terrible. It also mentions a steep rock called Abram buttermilk. "Oral tradition, - writes Polenov in the book" Reviving North ", - changed the name of Barlaam or Abraham to Abram."
And the legend said that a devil sat on this rock, blocking the exit from the Kola Bay into the Arctic Ocean. This devil left his buttermilk to embarrass Abraham, when he stood in prayer in the chapel, the devil entered his house, to his wife, disguised as a lover. When Abraham drove with his wife's corpse past the formidable buttermilk, the devil for the first time freely let a man go to the ocean. When Abraham returned with the decaying corpse of his wife, the devil was no longer there, and access to the ocean has been free ever since.
Abram-Mys is an urban-type settlement, microdistrict 8 of the Hero City of Murmansk. Located on the western shore of the Kola Bay, 1.5 km from the city center. The population is about 3000 people.
A school, a kindergarten, a house of culture, the director of which, unlike all city clubs, is not afraid to hold rock concerts on his stage with the participation of teams from Murmansk and the region. So all rock sessions take place in the Mayak recreation center on Abram-Mys. An outpatient clinic with 1 doctor, a nurse and a nurse, and all specialists are in polyclinic No. 7, and for children in polyclinic No. 4, a hairdresser's.
Beautiful nature, mushrooms and berries begin 50 meters from the houses, so in summer in the fall there is a constant invasion of berry pickers in the village.
Clean air and a minimum of transport, children walk freely without adults in playgrounds and just near houses, without risking to be under the wheels of a car at any time
Bus to the city every hour from 7 am to midnight, travel time 50 minutes (to the center). The boat has 3 trips in the morning, 3 in the evening, travel time is 10 minutes.
The Varyazhsky stream flows through the village, formed at the confluence of streams flowing from lakes Vosmyorka and Mizhgornoye. A kilometer from the village, the spring is a place of pilgrimage for local pensioners and city bootleggers, so at least alcohol is not bred with tap water.
Abram-Mys in the Murmansk region (Russia), description and map linked together. After all, We are places on the world map. Find out more, find more. It is located 11.7 km southeast of Murmansk. Find interesting places around, with photos and reviews. Check out our interactive map with places around, get more detailed information, get to know the world better.
Only 8 editions, the last 6 years ago was made by Mapenik from Murmansk
I continue to share my impressions of meeting the most big city Polar region, and today we will go to the famous Abram Cape, a place on the western shore of the Kola Bay, where today is located a remote microdistrict of the city of the same name. There is also a memorial complex dedicated to the 1st Air Defense Corps, which defended the skies of the Arctic Circle during the Great Patriotic War. Like the famous "Alyosha", Abram-Mys is considered a rather strong and significant memorable dominant of Murmansk.
The visit here took place as part of my planned trip along west coast Kola Bay, on the conditional route "Murmansk - Polyarny", the day after visiting Teriberka, and this route should have given me a lot beautiful photos the bay, panoramas of Murmansk and Severomorsk, as well as other beauties ... However, everything did not go quite the way we wanted ...
An unexpected and sharp drop in air temperature led to the fact that, from the very morning, an impenetrable wall of steam rose above the warm bay to the very sky, hiding not only the bay itself, but everything around it, within a radius of several hundred meters on either side of it.
When we drove up to the Kola bridge in order to get to the other side, the handsome bridge seemed not to be there, but the whole traffic flow, with the speed of a pedestrian, plunged into a white substance and instantly dissolved in it.
02. Towards evening the visibility on the bridge became slightly better. The photo was taken on the way back.
But, as soon as a little drive away from the bay and visibility again became normal. On both sides of the P-21 "Kola" highway, one could admire very beautiful winter landscapes. And the most stunning views, highlighted by a mild polar sunrise, opened, of course, from the heights of the hills.
03. Route P-21 "Kola".
After about 10 kilometers, we reached the urban-type settlement Abram-Mys, which today is considered the 8th microdistrict of Murmansk. By the way, due to its isolation from the city, physically it is not felt at all.
04. Polar dawn.
According to local beliefs, this area received its name many centuries ago. There is even a legend associated with the name of the priest Araham (Abram) and the devil who lived on the cape and did not let fishing ships into the ocean.
Here, in 1920, not far from the mouth of the Varyazhsky brook, which flows into the Kola Bay, a village arose with nice name"Varangian Stream". The population was only a couple of dozen people. In the 30s, fishing workshops were actively developing here, a kind of branch of the shipyard No. 2, workers with their families moved here, the population increased significantly and by the end of the decade it was already more than 300 people. And soon the name was changed to Abram-Mys.
05. Northern nature.
Today, the neighborhood, which consists of only a few streets, is home to about 3,000 people. There is all the necessary infrastructure: kindergarten, school, recreation center, hospital, shops, etc. The houses are ordinary Soviet five-story buildings and only one house has nine floors. Connects residents with the city center transport connection... Bus number 24 runs every hour, travel time is 50 minutes. They say that before there was still a convenient and fast (only 10 minutes) boat crossing, but then it was abolished.
The central Lesnaya street leads to the village from the Kola highway. From it we turn onto Okhotnichiy Lane, which goes steeply to the top of the hill. It seems that it is unrealistic to drive on it ... ice, drifts of snow and a very strong slope ... Just look, the car will skid and roll back ... But, we successfully coped with this test and got to the Memorial Complex, located at the very top in a beautiful park area.
The first stage of the complex was opened in 1986, and the second in 1994. The snow-covered alley leading into the distance leads directly to the monument to the defenders of the Arctic sky, and along it there are historical aircraft, a cannon and anti-aircraft air defense systems.
08. Aircraft on pedestals: the famous single-engine fighter-bomber of the Second World War - Yak-9 and the fighter-interceptor of the 60s - Su-15.
09. Yak-9. Somewhere nearby, under the snow, there should be a model of an aerial bomb.
10. In front of the planes are the S-125 "Neva" air defense systems (on the right in the photo), S-75 "Dvina / Pechora" and S-200 "Angara" air defense systems.
Probably everyone is well aware that Murmansk is a hero city, which is often called the second Stalingrad. During the war, the city became a real northern impregnable fortress, but the courage and heroism of the defenders of the Arctic Circle is impressive! 185 thousand bombs were dropped on Murmansk! Of the 2830 buildings in the city, only 990 survived in ruins. The city was practically wiped off the face of the earth, but, nevertheless, survived and did not let the enemy pass. The Germans lost in the Arctic about 100 thousand soldiers and officers, almost 2000 aircraft, more than 800 combat and transport ships. For courage and resilience, Murmansk was awarded the honorary title "Hero City" with the Order of Lenin and the Gold Star medal.
11. SAM air defense system S-75 "Dvina / Pechora" (left) and S-200 "Angara" (right).
At the end of the alley there is a Memorial to the Soldiers of the 1st Air Defense Corps and an 85-mm 52-K anti-aircraft gun. From this point in good weather, a magnificent panoramic view of the Kola Bay and Murmansk itself, of the port and the Marine Station with the atomic icebreaker "Lenin" opens.
12.85 mm 52-K anti-aircraft gun.
Far away, on the hill Cape Verde, you can see the giant "Alyosha" - the famous monument to the Defenders of the Arctic.
People often come to Abram-Cape to admire the ships, port cranes, listen to the cries of seagulls and the specific music of the repair docks. In the vicinity of the village there are amazingly beautiful blueberry and blueberry carpets, and the forests are rich in mushrooms.
The floating bay canceled all my plans for panoramic views ... Instead of ships, port and Murmansk, I saw only a white silence that began right behind the pedestal with an anti-aircraft gun. Hoping to see at least something from the pier, we went down the street. The shipyard to the pier, however, found only a closed gate to the territory of OOO Gazflot. There was nothing else to catch here, and we went to the next point of our "surreal" route - the village of Belokamenka. To be continued.
13. Steam over the bay
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And yet we have summer!))) Yesterday, for example, it was - sunny, hot, green ... today, for example, it is rainy and cloudy). So we went out of town, and not just - where our eyes were looking, but with a goal. And the goal was designated as follows: we will go to the other side, to the plane at Abram-Cape. "That coast" is the left bank of the Kola Bay, you can get there by boat (but it rarely goes) or across the bridge (we went over it). The plane is visible "from this coast", stands on a high place, we knew that there was a memorial complex, but we have never been there. Here we go ...
Probably, it is necessary to explain the name - Abram-Mys - a combination so familiar to Murmansk residents, nevertheless, I have never heard a clear explanation of its origin from anyone. By the way, I did not find a definite answer in the literature either. I will refer to the opinion of V. Muzhikov, the author of books and articles on the Murman toponyms.
"In addition to the microdistrict and the cape, the names Abram-pakhta are associated with the toponym Abram, the steep rocky coast of the Kola Bay, one and a half kilometers south of Abram-cape, and Abram-tundra, a hill west of Abram-pakhta. Abram-pakhta had the same name. korga, a shoal in the Kola Bay in the middle of the fairway, 171 meters from Abram-buttermilk Currently, the korga has been blown up and removed, as it interfered with the approach of ships to the fishing port.
All these names have been known since the 17th century. True, in the documents of 1608-1611 it was written "Abraham's buttermilk" - that was the name of the local tonya, however, in the documents of the same time, no Abraham was listed among the owners of the tonya. The artist Polenov, communicating with local residents, heard the legend about Barlaam (Abraham, Abram) Keret, the Kola priest of the time of Ivan the Terrible. It also mentions a steep rock called Abram buttermilk. "Oral tradition, - writes Polenov in the book" Reviving North ", - changed the name of Barlaam or Abraham to Abram."
And here we are on the other side ... Along the alley leading to memorial complex dedicated to the 1st Air Defense Corps, which defended the skies of the Arctic during the Great Patriotic War, and there are aircraft (Yak-9 during the war, a model, and SU-15, modern) and rocket launchers.
Near the Yak - a model of an aerial bomb.
Surprisingly, there are quite a lot of people near the memorial: specially arrived, like us, mothers with children are walking ...
On the pedestal is an anti-aircraft gun.
A stele with the names of fallen warriors ...
Monument to Women - Air Defense Soldiers.
The memorial offers a beautiful view of the city and ships at the pier: red is nuclear icebreaker"Russia" in the dock, to the left - the first nuclear icebreaker "Lenin", turned into a museum, even more to the left, white, - the motor ship "Klavdiya Elanskaya", or simply "Klava", as the people of Murmansk call it something like "home"; here the heavy aircraft-carrying cruiser "Admiral Kuznetsov" is simply called "Kuzya")))
In the distance, on the Green Cape hill, there is a monument to the Defenders of the Arctic, Alyosha, as he is called.
And the peaceful sky overhead ... Here these familiar words take on a special meaning.
