The backwater from the river is fenced off by a dam, where you can drive up by car and almost drive into the hold of the ship. After exploring the ships, you can go to the other side of the dam and swim in the river, having every possible pleasure. Let's take a walk through this rusty beauty.
42 photos, total weight 9.4 MB
PPK!
Bor bridge. The two-lane road section of the combined bridge was built in 1965 over the railroad track.
These ships are being repaired at the factory.
Motor ship of the "Sixth Five-year-old" type, project 576 - "Vandovka".
The motor ship was launched on July 1, 1959 at shipyard"Krasnoe Sormovo" ( Nizhny Novgorod), was assigned to the Volga Shipping Company. Equipped with a hitch for pushing barges. May 25, 1971 collided with the sea tanker "Stepanakert" on the Volga-Don canal and was decommissioned. Interestingly, he was rotting in the PPK for more than 30 years, or what?
To climb aboard the ship, someone put a ladder to the hull. The ladder is rather flimsy and short. When I climbed to the top, I realized that I would pull up higher and climb, but there was no way back. He returned to the car, took the rope and climbed back.
Engine room. Once there was one of the diesels.
As soon as I got upstairs, I immediately took out the camera and began to put on the 24-70 hood. The hood did not want to dress and flew away into the deepest and smelly puddle at the bottom of the hold, at least in appearance, with some kind of rusty shit. Here's a damn surprise, I thought. I noticed the cell where it fell, and it could not completely bury itself in the rust at the bottom - the edge stuck out like a beacon. In general, it is necessary to climb, since the stairs to the machine room are nearby. Then I decided to shift the car keys for some kind of devil. When I climbed for the rope, I just put them in the pocket of my trousers, and not in a special pocket with a zipper. I pull the keychain, take out the key ... then the decorative chain opens, and the car key flies into the next, also seemingly deepest and smelly puddle. With a gurgle, it goes to the bottom and buries itself in shit. And I am standing at the top, holding only the keychain in my hands. Oh ... I used to swear a lot then, of course.
Thus, I drew the prospect of staying near a locked car 550 kilometers away from spare keys. Suppose I open the car, in extreme cases it is possible to break the glass, but start it if the electronics in the key closes? I instantly put the camera into my backpack, fastening it to some pipe so that it would not fly into the hold, and with a bullet into the turbine hall, look for the key. I must say that I was lucky - I remembered the cell where he fell, and jerking my hand in the rusty shit, I felt it. He took it out, opened it, took out the battery, blew it out and put it in different pockets - let it dry. After that, he took out the hood and returned to the deck.
Captain's bridge "Vandovka".
Now I had to solve the following problem: whether or not to go to the car, check the key. I decided that I wouldn’t go, because if it doesn’t work, then it doesn’t work anyway, and I’ll ruin my mood and don’t take pictures anymore. Therefore, I decided to shoot Vandovka to the end, and then, when I go down, check the key.
"Vandovka" cabin.
Add-on.
Some kind of device.
Skylights to the engine room.
On top of the superstructure.
Hitch on the bow of the barge.
It meshed with such a contraption on another barge. As you can see, the coupling allowed the barge and the other vessel to move up and down relative to each other. In general, this view of the barge reminded me of an imperial cruiser from ZV.
On the left is barge No. 194, on the right is Vandovka. Have you ever seen a mega bath?
Have you been at its bottom?
Draft marks on the barge.
"Vandovka".
This is how Vandovka looked during its lifetime. Photo by Alexey Kirillov from the site http://www.riverfleet.ru
. :: clickable ::.
3200x900, 2.8 Mb
In the foreground is a barge that is being cut. Behind her is the tug "Ozerny 88", on the right is the pusher tug "Marshal Blucher".
River tug "Ozerny 88". Ch-800 project.
OZERNY is a common serial name for motor ships of two different types (project 501 or Ch-800, Slovak designation RR800, “river tug with a capacity of 800 hp”, H-3180 and H-3181), large ice-reinforced raft tugs.
Ch-800 project. Various modifications (the so-called series I, II, III and IV) of the Soviet project 501, differing in the power of the machines and in some design details. Ships with a capacity of 1050 hp in some sources, they are designated as project 3801-C, ships with a capacity of 1100 hp. (series IV) - as pr. Ch-1100. In the course of operation, some of the ships were converted to work as pushers.
Projects H-3180, H-3181... A more modern type of tug with similar characteristics and increased machine power. Etc. H-3181 is a modification that slightly differs in the dimensions of the hull, draft, and the structure of the deckhouse.
Serial construction... The construction of motor ships pr. Ch-800 and its modifications was carried out in 1952 - 1961. in Czechoslovakia. The ships were named in honor of prominent Russian scientists, researchers and travelers, as well as the serial name "Ozerny". A total of 104 units were built. The construction of motor ships pr. H-3180 and H-3181 has been carried out since 1977 in Hungary. At least 16 units were built, of which 7 were built according to the initial project H-3180. Ships were assigned serial numbers starting from 201.
Spreading... Tugboats of the Ch-800 project and its modifications were supplied to most of the European and eastern basins: Volzhsky, Kamsky, Moskovsky, Ob-Irtyshsky, Yeniseisky, Lensky shipping companies. By now, most of the ships have been decommissioned or mothballed due to the discontinued mass rafting of timber. The tugs of the project H-3180 and H-3181 were supplied to Volzhsky, Kamsky, Belomorsko-Onezhsky, Yenisei Shipping Companies... For similar reasons, they are used as auxiliary duty tugs in backwaters, for one-time pilotage of non-self-propelled vessels, and also as pushers. One vessel was mothballed after a serious accident.
View of the Ozerny-type tugs from the stern. On the right is 88, but the number on the left is in doubt. On the wheelhouse it is written 72, but on the sides over the inscription "Ozerny 72" it is written with a fresher paint "Ozerny 90". If you believe, then both are written off and are in Nizhny Novgorod.
And here's another view of the Ozernye from the Marshal Blucher. On the wheelhouse of the starboard tug, 72 is clearly visible, while on the left side it is readable in black paint 90. What kind of fraud?
It's time to finally climb aboard this mega-tug - Marshal Blucher.
Marshal Blucher, OT 4000 - a series of three linear large river pusher tugs of project 947, including the vessels Marshal Blucher (lead vessel), Marshal Tukhachevsky, Yubileiny. The largest pusher tugs in the USSR. Main engine power - 4,000 hp. with .. Built at the Rybinsk shipyard in 1970 and 1971. In the late 90s and early 2000s, all ships of the series were decommissioned. The lead ship of the series was the last to be decommissioned in 2002.
Then the problem arose - how to get on it? Several metal cables hung along the sides. They were dry, and theoretically it was possible to climb over them, but I did not succeed. Yes, and at first there is an uncomfortable place, there is nowhere to put your feet, since the bottom is very sloping. After a little thought, I remembered the grasping knots. Of course, they are designed for a rope-rope system, but why not try to tie it on a cable?
After tying a 10 mm static grasping knot around the cable, I made a loop where I stood with my foot. The knot slipped slightly, tightened and locked in place. Above, I knit the second knot - the second rung. Thus, tying 4-5 knots, I climbed aboard the tug.
Marshal's engine room. The remains of one of the diesels are visible.
Exhaust pipes from them.
Captain's bridge.
IMHO, in the backwater, the highest point.
A couple of “Dunaysky” type pusher tugs: 26 and, apparently, 24. To the left of them is the icebreaker-tug “DON”.
Motor ships of types DUNAYSKY (projects 112, 112A and 112B) and ZELENODOLSK (projects 749, 749A and 749B) are large linear pusher tugs equipped with an automatic coupler of the O-200 type. During the operation of ships on some of them, the wheelhouse was raised higher to improve visibility when working with a barge train. This was achieved by completing a new building on the roof of the standard wheelhouse or by raising the standard wheelhouse on racks.
Ships of projects 112 and 749 have a similar design. The construction of motor ships of project 749 was carried out in the USSR since 1957, motor ships of project 112 - in Hungary since 1961. Ships of increased capacity have been built since 1958. In total, over 100 units of both projects were built, of which project 112 was at least 67 The ships of the project 112 received the serial name "Danube". The ships of the project 749 were named after the cities of the socialist countries and the USSR.
Pushers of this type were supplied to the shipping companies of the Volga basin: Volzhsky, Kamsky, Volgotanker. Later, some ships were transferred to the Moscow and North-Western Shipping Companies. Vessels are operated: on the Volga, Kama, the Moscow-Volga canal. They are used with barge convoys of two to four sections, as well as for navigating through lock sections of attachment barges. dry cargo ships type "Volzhsky". Currently, some of the early-built ships have been decommissioned.
Diesel-electric ships of the DON type (project 16) are medium linear icebreakers equipped with a towing hook. Vessels are equipped with a trim-roll system.
Production vessels differ slightly from the pre-production model in terms of hull dimensions. In total in the 50s. at least 13 units were built of icebreakers pr. 16, of which 10 are serial vessels. The ships were named after the rivers of the USSR. Icebreakers of this type were supplied to the main European and eastern shipping companies: Volzhsky, Kamsky, Volgotanker, Belomorsko-Onezhsky, Moskovsky, Ob-Irtyshsky, Yeniseisky, Lensky. The ships were used mainly to extend river navigation in autumn and spring. In the summer, some icebreakers were operated as tugs. Currently most of ships decommissioned or decommissioned.
"Danube 26".
Marshal Blucher.
Shipyard.
Now let's see big ships... This is the project 305 vessel "Yuri Zavadsky"
Motor ships of project 305 (type "DUNAY") are medium-sized passenger ships designed to operate on passenger and tourist lines. One of the most successful and massive series of ships of this class in the USSR. The motor ships have one-, two-, four-, as well as six- and eight-berth cabins, including those equipped with wash basins, two restaurants, two saloons and a room with seated passenger seats. During the operation of the ships, large-capacity cabins were re-equipped, some ships were modernized to increase their comfort. The construction of motor ships of project 305 was carried out in Hungary in 1959-1967. A total of 49 vessels were built. The ships of the project 305 were named after the rivers of the USSR.
A formidable warning. But I was already tired after tugboats and swimming in the Volga, so I decided not to climb.
This ship was built in 1963, the first navigation sailed in 1980 (I wonder what he did for 17 years?). Was decommissioned on May 15, 1998.
Left - catamaran type vessel R-19 "Ivan Belyaev". (Built in 1978, converted in 1989 for transportation of cars (185 vehicles, DVT - 1103 tons). Since 2007 it has been on sale.
And this is the second ship in the backwater of project 305. Presumably "Victor Kholzunov".
Beauty and all that ...
Farewell look at Zavadsky.
Yu. Zavadsky is no longer going anywhere. And it's time for me to return to Nizhny.
(c) Russos, 2009Nordic race: an example of the predominance of the Danube type
In contrast to the previous insert, this one is a series of Nordics in which the element of the Corded Ware culture type is weak or absent, and, thus, remains close to the older, small-headed, mesocephalic Danube type. The reason for the relativity of this definition is that not enough skulls of the Danube type have been found, and this does not allow us to draw more accurate conclusions.
Rice. 1. Norwegian from Drommen, near Oslo. The absolute head size is medium, comparable to the small dark Mediterranean varieties; height and body weight are small.
Rice. 2. Mesocephalic Englishman from Southampton; its small face, concave profile, rounded nose, lack of angularity in the features of the face and skull, in combination with the high vault of the skull suggest its proximity to the known skeletal remains of the Danube type.
Rice. 3. A Galician of mixed Ukrainian-Polish descent: an excellent example of the Danube type, prevalent here since the Neolithic and settled throughout the rich agricultural plain from southern Poland to Russia, while the Nordics themselves settled in other regions.
Rice. 4. Lithuanian, although brachycephalic, but basically belonging to the same Danube type.
Nordic race: Galiptian and Celtic types 
Rice. 1 (Brun and Schreiner, Die Somatologie der Norweger, table 27, fig. 81). The Norwegian from Drangedal, the standard type of eastern valleys described in chapter 9, section 4. This type is associated with Hallstatt remains of the Iron Age found in Central Europe - and this type spread throughout Scandinavia, perhaps only after the middle of the 1st millennium BC. e. Since that time, the Galyptat type was replaced by other types in Europe, but survived in Sweden and the eastern parts of southern Norway.
Rice. 2. An Englishman from the vicinity of London, belonging to the same racial type. In England this type is mostly of Anglo-Saxon and Danish origin.
Rice. 3. East Englishman from Ipswich, Suffolk. Most Englishmen belong to this ancient local Iron Age Celtic type (Nordic Iron Age type), which was brought from southwestern Germany by the Celts and is characterized by a lower vault of the skull, a more sloping forehead and a larger protrusion of the nose. Hair color is often brown than blond.
Rice. 4 (photo by K.U.Dyuperty). The Nordic type of the Iron Age is especially common in Ireland, which has never experienced a major invasion of the Hermian-speaking Galyptian Nordics. This individual from County Clare, with his sloping forehead, aquiline nose, and brown hair, is a perfect example of this type.
Rice. 5 (photo by K.U.Dyuperty). A specific population, a product of isolation that developed on the Aran Islands. Here a local Nordic type arose with a huge head length, an extremely low cranial vault, a long nose and face, a predominance of blue eyes and golden and red hair. The young man in this photo is a perfect example of this type.
Rice. 6 (photo by K.U.Dyuperty). The Aranian islander in this photo is quite dark-haired for his group and has an extremely low head height of 10 mm. It illustrates the fact that the lowest-headed individuals in the Aran population are not blond. Note the converging temporal edges and the cylindrical profile of the calvarium when viewed from the front. This trait in a less pronounced form is inherent in the entire Celtic Nordic type of the Iron Age as a whole.
Exotic Nordics
Shown here are Nordics living in areas far removed from the present Nordic concentration center in Northwest Europe.
Rice. 1. Russian from the upper class, Kharkov province, southern Russia. His homeland is the secondary center of concentration of the Nordics, and, apparently, it has been it since the time of the Scythians. Nordics are quite common among representatives of the upper stratum of Russia; this can be explained by the preservation of their unchanged Slavic racial type, and partly by the infusion of Scandinavian blood during the formation of the Russian state. Other Nordic influences could also have been taken from the Iranians and Finns.
Rice. 2 (photo by B.N. Vishnevsky). Chuvash from the Chuvash Republic, eastern Russia. Chuvash - Tatarized Finns - include both partially Mongoloid forms (see Box 3), as well as Nordic and Nordic-Ladoga types. The Chuvash in this photo is a Nordic, long-faced and narrow-nosed type; these Nordic features could have been introduced by the ancient Finns, or they originate from the Iranian and Turkic-speaking Nordics from Central Asia who came here as part of the Scythian-Sarmatian and even Turkic conquerors.
Rice. 4. A Portuguese from Traz-us-Montij, with a strong Nordic tendency. Nordics are found periodically in the north of Portugal and Spain; since the Celtic migrations, there have been Nordic settlements in these areas of the Iberian Peninsula.
Rice. 5. A Rithian from the coastal village of Aydir, the Beni-Urriagel tribe. In pigmentation, size and morphology, this individual is an excellent example of a Nordic, moreover, a Northern European. The Nordics appeared in North Africa during the Middle Kingdom in Egypt, and possibly even earlier. Today they are mostly preserved in the Rif Mountains, but sometimes they are found in Canary Islands and also in the mountains of Giurdjura and Aures in Algeria.
Non-Danes
"
The term "non-Danes" is used in this work to describe the general class of Central and Eastern European light or partially light brachycephalics, which appear to be descended from a non-cord Nordic (ie Danube) prototype brachycephalized by the Ladoga substrate. This type predominates among the modern Slavs of Poland and Russia, and is also common in East Germany and among the Austrians.
Rice. 1. Belarusian from Minsk province.
Rice. 2. A Ukrainian from Volyn, where this type is especially widespread. The shape of the tip of the nose and upper lip is inherited from the Ladoga type. As a rule, these traits are more pronounced in women than in men.
Rice. 3. A German from Saxony, where the largest number non-Danes from all lands of Germany. Note the extremely small interorbital distance, combined with a low root and bridge of the nose, and extreme brachycephaly. The type represented by this individual is not a transitional Danube-Ladoga type, but is a recombination.
Rice. 4. Brachycephalic Austrian from the vicinity of Linz, Upper Austria. Although he has a significantly less Ladoga appearance than previous specimens, this Austrian, upon careful examination, exhibits the same general neo-Danish features: a round head, a low nasal skeleton, a wide, upturned nose tip, a long, inverted upper lip, strongly developed cheekbones. light pigmentation. As this individual and others in this insert show, the Neo-Danube type is a very diverse mixture of the Danube element in a Nordic combination with the Upper Paleolithic types of Eastern Europe.
There are seven anthropological types in the composition of modern Ukrainians:
1) Danube (Norik) type - the descendants of the carriers of the Lace-ceramic cultures Western Ukraine, Podillia and Southern Poland. Archaeological finds testify that Danube Ukrainians genetically related to Illyrian, Thracian, Celtic ethnic components. Now the Danube anthropological type prevails in the plains of Galicia, Western Podillia (with the exception of the extreme northern regions of Lviv and Ternopil). On the territory of Poland, these are Kholmshchyna and Tomashiv.
Features of the Danube type appear in the most Caucasian features: a long, relatively narrow face with a long, straight and thin nose. This type makes up more than 10% of the total population of Ukraine.
2) Polesie type - the descendants of the late Neolithic carriers of the Dnieper-Donetsk culture, who migrated to the right-bank Polesie. The long-standing Cro-Magnon paleo-European component is part of the Ukrainian Zhytomyr and Rivne Polesie. These are carriers of the archaeological culture of comb pottery, which have a genetic link with even more ancient Mesolithic cultures.
Features of the Polissya type; very low and wide face (facial index - 85.5), maximally developed brows, massive forehead. This type is not recorded in one area of Europe, except for Ukraine. The growth of Poleschuk is average, the eyes are slightly darker than in other regions, and the hair color is light.
This type is widespread in the Zhytomyr region, Rivne region, Volhynia (the Volyn version of the Polissya type). The Volyn version includes the northern regions of the Lviv and Ternopil regions, as well as the Ukrainians of Beresteyshchyna. Polesie type makes up about 10% of all Ukrainian ones.
3) Upper Dnieper type - descendants of the ancient paleo-European population, but without Cro-Magnon rice.
Features of this type: very light pigmentation of the eyes (60%) and the lowest main index in Ukraine - 80. This type is recorded only in the Ripkinsky district of the Chernihiv region. It accounts for 0.5% of all Ukrainian ones.
4) Central Ukrainian type - descendants of the local old Ukrainian population of the XII-XIII centuries, which have a Slavic basis (somewhat modified Danube, Polesian, as well as southern elements of Indo-Iranian, Illyrofracian and late Turkic origin). Türkic anthropological signs are revealed during a comparative analysis in individual villages of the Poltava region and Western Ukraine, but they do not appear clearly - only a slight flattening of the face and a special fold of the upper eyelid.
The Ukrainians of the Kiev region are genetic heirs of the aboriginal population and retain expressive Caucasian features. The Mongol-Tatar invasion had almost no effect on Ukrainian anthropology.
Features of this type: high growth, average index of the head, face, pigmentation of hair and eyes, average height of the bridge of the nose. It accounts for 60% of all Ukrainians.
5) Lower Dnieper-Prut type - the descendants of the Indo-Aryan PALEOANTHROPOLOGICAL population. A noticeable Indo-Iranian and even ancient Indian component (especially in the village of Kamenniy, Lebedinsky region), which is expressed in dark pigmentation of the eyes and hair, significant development of the hairline.
This type is characterized by an overhead head, slight protrusion of the lower part of the face, an unusual combination of a sharply profiled face with a low simotic nasal index. They are tall, relatively dark pigmented people with a low head pointer.
There are two variants of its type: Nizhnedneprovsky (comes from the population of the south of Kievan Rus) and Prut (the Ukrainian population in the north of Moldova, as well as the Khotin region).
6) Dinaric type - descendants of the ancient population of Ukraine, which have significant Illyrian, Thracian, Celtic and Indian components. The Dinaric anthropological type is widespread in the eastern part of the Carpathians, in Bukovina and partially in the Hutsul region (except for the western Hutsuls, which belong to the Carpathian type), in the Eastern Carpathian region.
This type is characterized by the same amount of light and dark-eyed, but the hair color is predominantly dark (70%), light-haired only 2%, the rest are mixed colors. This type accounts for 4-5% of all Ukrainians.
7) Carpathian (criminal To-Alpine) type - the descendants of the Kushtanovitsy culture of the VI-III Art. BC h. The area of their distribution coincides with the area of culture of the Subcarpathian mounds, the carriers of which were carps. According to anthropological characteristics, they are similar to dinarci. Hematological signs, in particular Rh-negativity, indicate their genetic relationship with peoples Balkan Peninsula... Caucasus, North India. This type is close to Dinaric (both have many mutual transitions). The Carpathian type makes up 7-8% of all Ukrainian ones.
Both Slavic and non-Slavic tribes took part in the Ukrainian ethnogenesis. Among the Slavic tribes can be called White Croats, Poles, Slovaks, Czechs, Serbs, Russians and Belarusians. Since the proximity of the geographical location of the Slavic lands contributed to close contacts, then, of course, this also affected ethnic ties. Among the non-Slavic tribes, anthropologists call Iranian, Dakophracians. Baltic, Turkic, North Caucasian. All these ethnic impurities were insignificant and did not leave a trace in Ukrainian anthropology. As for the Finno-Ugric tribes, in the territory of Ukraine their influences are almost not found, only in the northeast from the Dnieper to the Volga appears an insignificant Mordovian ethnic component.
The concept of the Ukrainian race (s.lat. Gatga - breed) was clearly formulated by Yuriy Lipa in his book "The Appointment of Ukraine". In his opinion, race is not so much the proportions of the skull, the width of the face or the color of the eyes, but ethnopsychology, genetics, the spirit of the nation. Although, of course, the genetic code also predetermines a certain anthropological fence, which is reflected in the appearance.
According to the testimony of ancient historians, each Scythian had to know his ancestry up to the seventh generation. Anyone who did not know his origin could not be considered a full-fledged person, he was outside the family, outside the tribe, it was difficult for him to survive, he was shunned.
And if now among us, civilized people, not everyone can name the names of their grandfathers and great-grandfathers, then perhaps we should think about this Scythian ethics. Indeed, through the knowledge and honor of our blood ancestors, we learn the genetic roots of our people, we respect its shrines.
April 14th, 2013, 07:53 pm
We continue the selection of old photographs of the fleet.
Motor ship "Dunaysky-31" (project 112).
Built in 1963 in Hungary. In November 1994, Dunayskiy-31 was bringing a train of barges into the upper chamber of a six-chamber lock in Perm, when one of the gates spontaneously opened. As a result, the barges rammed all the sluice gates, removing one of the lines from service. Until now, only one line of the Perm Gateway has been used. In 2008, when leaving the pier in Novocheboksarsk, the ship damaged the hull. Since then it has not been used.
#one. Danube-31 at the Kuibyshev reservoir (2006).
Motor ship "Danube" (project 305).
Built in 1959. The Danube is the lead vessel of the numerous projects built in Budapest. In 1974, the crew of the film "They Fought for the Motherland" lived on the ship. At the same time, Vasily Shukshin died on board the ship. From 1996 to 1999 the ship was at the Voronezh reservoir, where it was used as a floating hotel. Then it was bought out and transferred to the Volga in Kimry. A variety of ideas for his future fate were discussed, including the creation of the Shukshin Museum. Ideas have remained ideas. In 2006-2007, the ship was converted into a banquet motor ship, first in Tverskaya, and then in Rostov regions... In 2011, it was transferred to the Chkalovskaya shipyard, and finally, in 2012, a new floating restaurant appeared in Moscow on Krasnopresnenskaya embankment near the Expocentre, where it used to stand - this is the Danube.
# 2. Danube in Kimry (2005).
Motor ship "Yeisk" (project 21-88).
Built in 1968. The vessel is in service.
# 3. "Yeisk" on the Volga near Saratov (2006).
Motor ship "Catherine the Great" (project 26-37).
Built in 1961. Repeatedly changed ports of registration - until 1997 Astrakhan, then Nizhny Novgorod, then Perm. The names changed no less often: at first the ship was called "Clement Gottwald", then "Professor Lukachev", then "Catherine the Great", now "Native Russia". I found both "Ekaterina" and "Professor".
#4. "Catherine the Great" on the Volga near Saratov (2006).
#5. "Catherine the Great" at the Kuibyshev reservoir (2006).
# 6. "Professor Lukachev" on the Volga near Samara (2005).
Motor ship "Zagorsk" (project 576).
Built in 1967 in Romania. He managed to work in the Ob-Irtysh shipping company, after which he was transferred to the Volga. The ship is in service.
# 7. "Zagorsk" on the Kuibyshev reservoir (2006).
#eight. "Zagorsk" on the Svir (2008).
Motor ship "IS Turgenev" (project 588).
Built in 1959. He worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company. The motor ship was re-equipped (reduced overall width) to pass the locks of the White Sea-Baltic Canal. Not in operation since 2006, it is undergoing a long-term refurbishment at the Zhukovskaya fleet base in Nizhny Novgorod region.
#9. Motor ship "IS Turgenev" in the village of Memory of the Paris Commune (2006).
Motor ship "Ivan Kulibin" (project 26-37).
Built in 1960. The original name - "Andrey Zhdanov", was renamed into "Kulibina" in 1989. He worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company on the Moscow - Astrakhan - Moscow transport line. Since 2006 the operator of the ship is "Gama". Repainted in white and green.
#10. "Ivan Kulibin" on the Volga near Balakhna (2006).
#eleven. "Ivan Kulibin" on the Moscow Channel (2008).
#12. "Ivan Kulibin" on the Moscow Channel (2008).
Motor ship "Izhevsk" (project 576).
Motor ship "Nizhny Novgorod" (project 21-88).
Built in 1968. The vessel is in service. Now called "Pavel Lebedev". Before "Nizhny Novgorod" it was called "Gorky".
Motor ship "Belgorod" (project 576).
Built in 1957. The vessel is in service.
#thirteen. "Izhevsk", "Nizhny Novgorod" and "Belgorod" in the roadstead near the town of Balakhna (2006).
Motor ship "Ilyich" (project 588).
Built in 1956 (first series of the project). He worked as part of the Volga Shipping Company. The last years of work in the lease of "Vodokhod". It was decommissioned after navigation in 2005. In 2006 he was in Kineshma as a floating hotel. Since the fall of 2006, it has been undergoing a lengthy reconstruction in the backwater of the Zhukovskaya BTF along with the IS Turgenev motor ship.
#14. "Ilyich" in the roads between Gorodetsky locks (2005).
Motor ship "Ilya Muromets" (project 588).
Built in 1958. He worked as part of the Volga Shipping Company until 2005. In 2005 it was bought out by the Caesar-Travel company together with the Ernst Telman motor ship and was re-equipped with a decrease in passenger capacity. He never changed his name in his biography.
#15. "Ilya Muromets" on the roadstead of the Pestovskoye reservoir (2008).
Motor ship "Ilya Repin" (project Q-040).
Built in 1975 in Austria. All his career he worked in the Moscow river shipping company... I wrote about the Volga Dream in the first part.
#sixteen. "Ilya Repin" and "Volga Dream" in the Khlebnikovsky backwater (2008).
Motor ship "Engineer Ptashnikov" (project 588).
Built in 1958. He worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company, the port of registry, first Astrakhan, then Nizhny Novgorod. Until 1961 it was called "Ural". In 2002, the shipping company sold the ship to the Astrakhan company Strelets. In 2007 he starts working from the Perm company "Ural" with a new name "Taras Bulba". They are trying to implement the all-inclusive program on the ship, but things have not gone very well. After navigation in 2010, the ship is not in operation.
# 17. "Engineer Ptashnikov" in the port of Kazan (2006).
#eighteen. "Engineer Ptashnikov" in Nizhny Novgorod (2006).
Motor ship "Kapitan Petrov" (project 911B).
Built in 1982. In operation. Home port Uglich. Formerly called "RT-343".
#nineteen. "Captain Petrov" on the Volga near Myshkin (2008).
Diesel-electric ship "Karelia" (project 785).
Built in 1954. Operated as part of the Volga River Shipping Company. In 1986-1989 he took part in the liquidation of the consequences of the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. Subsequently returned to service. After navigation in 2006, it does not work. The vessel of the same type with the lost "Bulgaria" is unlikely to ever be used now.
#twenty. "Karelia" and "Aldan" at the pier of Samara (2006).
Motor ship "Kerch" (project 576).
Built in 1957. Until 1997 it was called "Maikop" and worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company. In August 2010, on the Kama River, the ship collided with a cargo attachment and sank. Decommissioned in 2010.
# 21. "Kerch" at the berth of the cargo port of Nizhny Novgorod (2006).
Motor ship "Kizhi" (project 1665A).
Built in 1986. Until 1993 it was called "Volgo-Don 5093". He worked as part of the Belomoro-Onega Shipping Company. The ship is in service.
# 22. "Kizhi" on the Volga near Balakhna (2006).
Motor ship "Kozma Minin" (project 588).
Built in 1960. Another 588 who never changed his name. Until 2001 he worked at the Volga Shipping Company. Since 2002 he has been registered in Perm.
# 23. "Kozma Minin" on the Volga near Ulyanovsk (2006).
Motor ship "Kologriv" (project 576).
Built in 1960 in Romania. Home port Perm. In operation.
# 24. "Kologriv" in the port of Togliatti (2006).
Motor ship "Kometa-6" (project 342MT).
Built in 1974 in Feodosia. At first he worked in the North-Western Shipping Company of St. Petersburg. In 1993 it was transferred to the Belomoro-Onega Shipping Company. He worked on high-speed routes from Petrozavodsk. In 2010 the ship was sold to Bangladesh, where she now operates under the name "Delphinius".
# 25. "Comet-6" on the Kizhi island (2007).
Motor ship "Kometa-5" (project 342MT).
Built in 1973 in Feodosia. At first he worked in the North-Western Shipping Company of St. Petersburg. In 1993 it was transferred to the Belomoro-Onega Shipping Company. Works on high-speed routes from Petrozavodsk. The ship is in service.
# 26. "Comet-5" on the Kizhi island (2007).
Motor ship "Komi" (project 868).
Built in 1961. The ship is in service.
# 27. "Komi" in the upper approach channel of the Uglich sluice (2008).
Motor ship "Konstruktor Alekseev" (project 342E).
Built in 1980. The previous name is "Meteor-161". He worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company. Sold to St. Petersburg in 2011. The ship is in service.
# 28. "Konstruktor Alekseev" on the Volga near Gorodets (2006).
Motor ship "Krasnovishersk" (project 576).
Built in 1957. The ship is in service.
# 29. "Krasnovishersk" in the roadstead near Yaroslavl (2008).
Motor ship "Kriushi" (project 576).
Built in 1960. The ship is in service.
#thirty. "Kriushi" on the Volga near Kozlovka (2006).
Motor ship "Kronstadt" (project 301).
Built in 1979. The first name of the ship - "Alexander Ulyanov", was renamed "Kronstadt" in 1992. Initially, he worked for the North-Western Shipping Company. Since 2012 in Vodokhod's corporate white and red colors.
# 31. "Kronstadt" on the Kizhi island (2007).
Motor ship "Lenin" (project 302).
Built in 1987. Operates as part of the Volga River Shipping Company, home port - Nizhny Novgorod. In 1991-1992, it was in the Spanish port of Seville, as a floating hotel at the world exhibition "Expo-92". Operator of the ship - "Vodokhod".
# 32. "Lenin" on Lake Onega (2007).
Motor ship "Lesya Ukrainka" (project 301).
Built in 1977. Until 2005, it belonged to the Kiev port and worked on the Dnieper and the Black Sea. In 2001, the ship was transferred to Russia, where it worked on lease until 2004. Since 2005, the ship has changed its registration to Moskovskaya. Changed several names: until 1992 it was called "XXV Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union", then until 2005 "Lesya Ukrainka", until 2007 in a more convenient version of the Russian eye "Lesya Ukrainka". In 2007 it was bought out by the Orthodox company. Since the same 2007 the ship has been called "Pyotr Tchaikovsky".
# 33. "Lesya Ukrainka" on the Moscow Channel (2006).
Motor ship "M-250" (project 544).
Built in 1957. Belongs to the Tverskoy port. Works in Kalyazin, delivers excursion groups to the Kalyazin bell tower.
# 34. "M-250" at the Kalyazin pier (2008).
Motor ship "Maxim Litvinov" (project 302M).
Built in 1991. The motor ship, built by order of the Soviet "Sudoimport", was initially unclaimed. Until 1994, the ship managed to visit a hotel in Scotland, and then in Germany. In 1994, the ship came to Russia. He worked as part of the Volga-Don Shipping Company. Now it belongs to the "Orthodox" company.
Motor ship "N.A. Nekrasov" (project 26-37).
Built in 1961. It was originally called "Sergo Ordzhonikidze" (until 1963). Works as part of the Volga River Shipping Company on the transport line Moscow - Astrakhan - Moscow. In 2004-2005, it was completely re-equipped at the Zhukovskaya BTF in the Nizhny Novgorod region with a complete redesign of the cabins and passenger rooms. Today, the operator of the "Infoflot" motor ship, the company has applied its coloring.
# 35. "Maxim Litvinov" and "N.A. Nekrasov" at the berths of the Northern river station(2008).
Motor ship "Maksim Rylsky" (project 301).
Built in 1979. Joined the Dnieper Shipping Company. The first name was "VI Lenin". Renamed to "Maksim Rilskiy" in 1998. By 2002, the ship was transferred to Russia, the ship was once again renamed into a more convenient version for Russian reading "Maxim Rylsky". Was leased from the "Russian Steamship Company on shares". Since 2010, the owner of Mosturflot. Renamed to "Mikhail Bulgakov".
# 36. "Maxim Rylsky" at the pier of Goritsa (2006).
# 37. "Maxim Rylsky" at the Myshkin pier (2006).
# 38. "Maxim Rylsky" on the Kizhi island (2007).
# 39. "Maxim Rylsky" on the Neva (2007).
Motor ship "Mars" (project 354K).
Built in 1981 hectares of the shipyard in Gorodets. Until 1998 he worked in the Northern River Shipping Company (Kotlas). Now in the Northern port of Moscow. The ship is in service.
# 40. "Mars" on the Moscow Channel (2006).
Motor ship "Makhachkala-3" (project 10802E).
The Makhachkala-3 sea rail ferry was built in Croatia in 2006. Home port - Baku.
# 41. "Makhachkala-3" on the Volga near Volgograd, ferry to the Caspian Sea (2006).
Motor ship "Meteor-176" (project 342E).
Built in 1982. The ship is in service.
# 42. "Meteor-176" on the Neva (2007).
Motor ship "Mechanic Kargin" (project 342E).
Built in 1987. The first name is "Meteor-215". Renamed in 2000. Home port Kazan. Not in operation since 2010.
# 43. "Mechanic Kargin" on the Volga near Kazan (2005).
Motor ship "Mikhail Kalinin" (project 92-016).
Built in 1981. He worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company, then "Vodokhod". In 2007, a fire broke out on board the ship standing in the wreck, as a result of which the ship was badly damaged. In the period from 2008 to 2011, the ship was restored and completely re-equipped with a decrease in passenger capacity, the cabins are equipped with balconies. The renewed motor ship was renamed "Mstislav Rostropovich".
# 44. "Mikhail Kalinin" on the Volga near the Sosenki pier (2006).
Motor ship "Mikhail Kutuzov" (project 588).
Built in 1957. Never changed the name. Until 2006, part of the Volga Shipping Company. Since 2006 it has been assigned to Perm. In operation.
# 45. "Mikhail Kutuzov" on the Volga near Astrakhan (2005).
Motor ship "Mikhail Lomonosov" (project 301).
Built in 1979. He worked in the White Sea-Onega Shipping Company, then on lease from the American company "Viking River Cruises". At the end of 2008 "Viking" bought the ship. In 2008, the ferry to the Dnieper was carried out. Since 2009 "Mikhail Lomonosov" has been operating on the Kiev-Odessa route.
# 46. "Mikhail Lomonosov" on the Kizhi island (2007).
Motor ship "Mikhail Frunze" (project 92-016).
Built in 1980. He worked as part of the Volga River Shipping Company. Since 2012 the operator is Vodokhod. Repainted in red and white corporate colors.
# 47. "Mikhail Frunze" on the Volga near Balakhna (2005).
Motor ship "Mikhail Sholokhov" (project 302).
Built in 1985. He worked in the Volga-Don river shipping company. Operator "Orthodox". Home port - Rostov-on-Don.
# 48. "Mikhail Sholokhov" on the Volga near Priluk (2008).
Motor ship "MO-97" (project 839).
Built in 1964. Home port - Kostroma. The ship is in service.
# 49. "MO-97" on the Volga in Kozlovka (2005).
Motor ship "Mozdok" (project 576).
Built in 1964. The vessel is in service.
#50. "Mozdok" on the Volga near Volgograd (2005).
Collegiate YouTube
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✪ Four sisters in Ancient Rome - Ray Laurence
✪ Savings and Loan Crisis: Explained, Summary, Timeline, Bailout, Finance, Cost, History
✪ Israel Hope for the Future
Subtitles
Today we take a look at Ancient Rome through the eyes of a little girl. Here she is - painting her self-portrait on one of the columns of the atrium, in huge house my father. Her name is Domitia and she is only 5 years old. She has an older brother who is 14 years old. He was named Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus, after his father. Girls are not given names as long as boys are. Worst of all, their father insisted that all daughters be named Domitius. "Domitia!" The one that draws on the column he calls Domitius III. Her older sister, who is 7 years old, is called Domitia II. And the one who is 10 years old is Domitia I. There could also be Domitius IV, but only their mother died in childbirth, 3 years ago. Difficult to figure it out, right? It was difficult for the Romans too. They could easily calculate the pedigree on the male line, because the men had triple names, like Lucius Domitius Ahenobarbus. But a terrible confusion began when they tried to figure out which of the Domitius married whom, who is their aunt or stepmother, and to whom specifically. Domitia III not only paints the column, but also observes what is happening in the house. It's morning now. During these hours, her father receives friends and clients who have come to pay him their respects. Among them is Lucius Popidius Secundus. He is 17, and in 5-7 years he plans to marry Domitius II. However, he is not looking for the location of the future bride, but her father. Poor Lucius, he does not even suspect that although his family is rich, Domitia's father considers them to be scumbags from Subura. After all, this area of Rome is full of barbers and prostitutes. Suddenly, all the men, including her father, leave. The second begins One o'clock and he must appear in court, in front of a large audience of clients who will applaud his speeches and boo his opponents. The house is quieter now. The men will only return for dinner, that is, after 7 hours. But what is happening in the house during these hours? What are Domitia, Domitia and Domitia doing all day? Not an easy question! All Roman documents that have survived to this day were written by men. Therefore, we know little about the life of Roman women. However, we cannot talk only about men, so let's try to figure it out. Let's start with the atrium. There is a large loom on which their mother weaved the toga material. Domitia, Domitia and Domitia were supposed to spin woolen threads, which would then go to a huge cloth, oval in shape, and more than 10 meters long. The Romans considered yarn and weaving to be good activities for their wives. We know this from many inscriptions on the gravestones of Roman women. Unlike Greek women, Roman women could leave their homes and walk around the city. They attended public baths in the mornings when there were no men, or went to separate baths for women only. In the 70s A.D. they could even bathe naked with the men at will. But there were places reserved for men only: the Forum, the courtroom, or the Senate building. For women, public spaces were porticoes, with gardens, sculptures, and walking paths. When Domitia, Domitia and Domitia wanted to go out for a walk, such as the portico of Libya, they had to prepare. Domitia II and Domitia III are already ready, but Domitia I, who is engaged and will marry dear Filat in 2 years, is not yet ready. She's not cumbersome, she just has more things to do. Once she is engaged, she must wear the appropriate signs: a wedding ring and everything that Filat gave her: jewelry, earrings, necklaces and pendants. She can even adorn herself with a myrtle tiara. All of this kind of says: "I'm soon marrying the guy who gave me all this!" Meanwhile, Domitius II and Domitius III are playing with dolls, portraying their sister, dressed in a wedding dress. The day will come when the girls will get married, and the dolls will be brought as a gift to the home gods. So everyone is ready. The girls sit in the palanquins, which are carried by strong slaves. An escort is with them, and they move to the portico of Libya to meet with their aunt there. Slaves carry palanquins on their shoulders. Girls peek out from behind curtains to gaze at the street crowd. They will cross the city, pass the Colosseum, and then turn towards the hill on which the portico of Libya is located. It was built by order of Livia, wife of Emperor Augustus, next to the estate of Vedia Polion. Not that he was an exceptionally good guy. Once he tried to feed his slave to eels, from his own fish pond, just for the fact that he knocked over a dish. Fortunately, the emperor, present at the dinner, tempered his ardor. The palanquins have stopped and the girls are leaving. Holding hands, in pairs they climb the steps leading to an enclosed garden surrounded by a colonnade. Domitius III separates and goes to paint on the column. Domitia II follows her, but her eyes are drawn to the graffiti on the column. She notices the drawing of the gladiators and imagines them fighting. She cannot observe gladiatorial fights, except with one eye, from the extreme back rows of the Colosseum. From there, she can perfectly see the 50,000 spectators, but she is unlikely to see the bloody battle in the arena. If she wants to get a good place, she can become a priestess of Vesta, and then she will get the best place on the ground. But the career of a virgin vestal is not to everyone's taste. Meanwhile, Domitia I met a future bride like her, who is 10 years old. Time to go home. They return after 8 hours of walking, but something is happening in the house. There is a broken dish on the floor. All slaves are gathered in the atrium and await the arrival of the master. He will be beside himself with rage. He does not raise a hand against children, but like most Romans, he believes that slaves should be punished. The whip is already prepared and is waiting for him. No one knows who broke the dish, but if necessary, the owner will order them all to be tortured. The butler opens the front door. A disturbing whisper echoes among the slaves. But it is not the owner who enters the house, but a pregnant teenage girl. This is the eldest daughter of the family - she is 15 years old, and she is already a veteran in marriage and childbirth. Guess her name. She has a 5-10% chance not to survive the upcoming birth, but now she came to have dinner with her family. Although she is still a teenager, she has already shown herself to be a good wife, having given birth to her husband children who will bear his name, and in the future will become his heirs. The family moves to the dining room, where dinner has already been served. It seems that the father of the family was invited to dine at someone's place. After dinner, the girls return to the atrium, where they see off their older sister. She will go home in a palanquin, accompanied by her father's bodyguards. After the wires, the sisters return to the atrium. All slaves, young and old, men and women, await the arrival of their master with trepidation. When he returns, each of these slaves may fall prey to his anger and desire to restore order and obedience through intimidation and beatings. And the girls go upstairs to their bedrooms and get ready for bed.
Description, history
Medium linear pusher tugs of the BTO type (lake pusher tug) are a continuation of the series of vessels of the Volgar type (project R-45), and due to the initial name of the lead vessel of the series - Volgar-40 - they are sometimes mistakenly assigned to this type .Author of the project - TsTKB MRF RSFSR, Leningrad (now JSC "ICS"), chief designer of the project - S. B. Shur (1984), construction plant - SSRZ im. Butyakova, Zvenigovo, Mari ASSR.
BTO tugs were produced in a series of 9 vessels. Construction of the series lasted from 1985 to 1991. The first ship of the series was named “Volgar” with the next number - 40 (later this name was changed to its own name “Nikolay Ilyin”), the rest of the ships received serial numbers from 601 and their own names. The numbers "600" in the numbers indicated the engine power - 600 hp. With.
The purpose of the vessel is to push dry cargo and oil tankers and barges with a total carrying capacity of up to 8000 tons along inland waterways on local and transit lines, as well as on roadsteads and locks; navigation area - rivers and reservoirs of category "O" with the provision of work in broken ice with a concentration of 8 points, thickness up to 30 cm. (class * "O" (ice) according to the classification of the RSFSR River Register (now the Russian River Register)).
Structurally, the vessel is an all-metal twin-screw motor ship with a developed tank and a four-tier superstructure. A feature of the vessels of this project is the presence of a rotary-stop device (PUU), that is, the bow stops for pushing and the automatic coupler O-150T-8 are located on a special spatial structure connected with the bow end of the hull by a vertical hinge and having the ability to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the hull by 20 degrees in each direction with hydraulic cylinders with an inner diameter of 320 mm., stroke 2240 mm. (2 per side, one above the other) controlled from the wheelhouse.
The vessel has the following characteristics: - overall length - 31.4 m; - overall width - 10.2 m; -Height amidships - 3.7 m; - draft: with reserves for 12 days (with a displacement of 410.2 tons) - 2.37 m; with full reserves and 37t ballast. (with a displacement of 453.4 tons) - 2.53 m; -height from the waterline, overall with a collapsed mast - 13.2 m; - traction force in quiet deep water: 62 kN (6.32 tf) at a speed of 10 km / h; 31 kN (3.16 tf) at a speed of 13 km / h; -speed without a train - 18.2 km / h; -crew - 10 people (including 4 command personnel); - living cabins in the superstructure: single blocks with individual bathrooms - 2; single cabins - 4; double cabins - 3; - main engines (2 pcs) - 6NVD26A3, 272 kW (370 hp) at 950 rpm; -reverse gearboxes (2 pcs.) - MS-400, gear ratio - 3.42 (forward) / 2.75 (backward); output flange power - 224.3 kW (305 hp) at 208 rpm; - propellers - 2 pcs., in swivel (35 degrees in each direction, both synchronously and independently of each other) guide nozzles; diameter - 1.8 m; step - 1.05; 1.10; 1.15; 1.9 m (execution options); number of blades - 5; - steering car (for turning the guide nozzles) - 2RG4.0, hydraulic, torque on each stock 40kN * m (4 tf * m.); - diesel generators - DGA 50M1-9, 50 kW (2 pcs.); -diesel-hydraulic pump (for the operation of the PUU and the towing winch) - 2G13-36A, 50 kW; - towing winch - 1ГЛБ6 / 12, hydraulic, traction force 60 kN (6.12 tf.); - towing hook - 3TA per 100 kN (10.2 tf.) with the possibility of recoil from the wheelhouse; - anchors: Hall, bow - K300 (2 pcs.), stern - K1000; - bow tie rods: left - YaSh2R, right - YaSh2RD with the possibility of remote recoil of the right anchor from the wheelhouse; (the stern anchor is lowered and raised by a towing winch); - rescue equipment - boat SSHPV-7, life rafts PSP-10 (2 pcs.), life rings (2 pcs.);
The vessel has fuel, oil and cooling systems for main and auxiliary diesel engines, power supply with 220 V AC and 24 V DC, hot and cold water supply, waste water supply with collection in a fecal tank, water heating, general ventilation and engine room, fire extinguishing, ballast and drainage, hydraulics.
The vessel is equipped with a short-wave radio station "Angara-RB", an ultra-short-wave "Kama-R", radar station"Pechora-1R", self-recording echo sounder "NEL-M4", magnetic compass KM 100-1, radio transmission system "Ryabin", emergency, fire alarms and internal telephone communication with the switch KATS-20.
BTO tugs were supplied to Volzhsky and Moscow shipping companies. They worked on the Upper Volga and on the Moscow-Volga canal. It is possible that in the 1990s, due to lack of work, some ships were mothballed.
PUUs on the ships of this project were practically not used in operation, and on the motor ship building No. 9 ("Pavel Piankin") from the construction, instead of hydraulic cylinders, rigid box-section beams were installed.
During operation, a significant drawback of the project was revealed - a low power density for a vessel of such dimensions and weight with a relatively large windage. To improve the operational parameters on some motor ships (in particular, building No. 2 "Igor Aseev", 5 "Boris Safonov", 7 "Engineer Smirnov", work was carried out on a comprehensive modernization, consisting in replacing the main diesel engines built in the GDR with domestic more powerful 211D (6ChN21 / 21) Balakovo shipyard with a capacity of 585 hp with the corresponding replacement of reverse gears and propellers. Due to this, as well as a number of other measures, the class of ships was increased from * "O" (ice) to M-PR (for BTO "Igor Aseev", in addition, the bow was changed to a conventional design instead of PUU).
