Presentation on the topic: National Parks of the World. Presentation on the surrounding world "nature reserves of russia" Presentation on nature reserves and national parks

Reserves of Russia

Information about several reserves in Russia.

• Tell your classmates about Russian reserves and show photographs.

• Nowadays, few people understand the importance of reserves and no one has ever thought about the fact that some species of animals can become extinct forever.

• The Barguzin reserve is a nature reserve in Buryatia, located on the western slopes, at an altitude of 2840 m of the Barguzinsky ridge, includes the northeastern coast of Lake Baikal and part of the water area of ​​the lake itself. The reserve (and the ridge) are named after the Barguzin River. The Barguzinsky Nature Reserve is the oldest nature reserve in Russia.

• The area of ​​the reserve is 374 322 hectares, including 15 000 hectares of the protected water area.

• The Barguzinsky Reserve is home to elk, musk deer, white hare, brown bear, shrew, black-capped marmot, hazel grouse - only 41 species of mammals. In the waters of the reserve there are omul, whitefish, sturgeon, grayling, taimen, lenok and other fish species.

• It was founded in 1992 on the basis of the Dzherginsky State Complex Reserve, which has existed since 1974. State nature reserve Dzherginsky is located in the Kurumkansky district of the Republic of Buryatia. The reserve is located in the northeastern Baikal region at the junction of three large mountain ranges- Barguzinsky, Ikatsky and Yuzhno-Muisky ridges.

• Dzherginsky Reserve "is a state natural reserve.

• The area of ​​the reserve is 238.088 thousand hectares, of which the area occupied by water is 0.894 thousand hectares. A 2 km wide protection zone with a total area of ​​about 7.5 million hectares has been created around the reserve.

• Currently, 201 species of vertebrates are recorded on the territory of the reserve: 6 species of fish, 3 amphibians, 4 reptiles, 145 birds, 43 mammals. The reserve is inhabited by elk, musk deer, red deer, wild boar, Siberian roe deer, rarely - reindeer ...

• Larch forests prevail in the forest belt. On this moment more than 650 species of vascular plants have been identified in the reserve. On the territory of the reserve, 29 species of rare and endemic plants have been identified.

• The Baikal State Natural Biosphere Reserve was established by the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR dated September 26, 1969 No. 571 on the basis of the Resolution of the Council of Ministers of the Buryat ASSR dated December 31, 1968 No. 461.

• Area - 165,724 hectares, taking into account the changes introduced by the order of the Council of Ministers of the RSFSR dated June 20, 1973 No. 366-r.

• There are 49 species of mammals, 251 species are birds, amphibians and reptiles - 6, fish - 12.

• 787 plant species grow in the reserve, about 70% of the territory of the reserve is occupied by forests. The general list of rare, endemic and relict plants of the reserve is about 40 species.

• 1) From the lessons of geography and biology.
• 2) From the Internet.
• 3) From the book "Reserves of Russia"

Slides and text of this presentation

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Reserves and National parks- the pride of Russia.
MKOU "Secondary School No. 10" H. Perevalny Mineralovodsky District. Grade 4 students. Primary school teacher Asevova Nadiya Nasuevna.

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Research objectives: To draw attention to the problem of the environment. Study the meaning and function of protected areas. Get acquainted with the protected areas of Russia and the reserves of the Stavropol Territory. Identify environmental issues. To consolidate in practice the skills of working with computer technologies and educational electronic resources.
Research objectives: To characterize natural conditions and natural resources protected areas of Russia. Collect and process informational and visual material on the topic. To create a travel project to the protected areas of Russia and the reserves of the Stavropol Territory in the form of electronic presentations. The object of research is the reserves and national parks of Russia, the reserves of the Stavropol Territory. The research-presentation hypothesis in the study of protected areas will expand the horizons on this topic and intensify interest in the protected areas of Russia and native land.

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Reserve (the meaning of the word goes back to the word reserved, that is, "forbidden, inviolable"). The very concept of the word "reserve" is exclusively Russian. A nature reserve is a part of the territory (water area) where its entire natural complex is preserved in its natural state, and hunting is prohibited. In addition, any economic activity of a person is prohibited on the territory of the reserve, and lands are forever withdrawn from any form of use.
The first nature reserve in Russia (1874) is Askania-Nova, located in the Kherson region. The oldest in Russia is the Barguzinsky Nature Reserve, which is still very important today. He saved the amazing taiga of the Eastern Baikal region and the pearl of this taiga - the Barguzin sable

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A national park is a territory where human activities are limited in order to protect the environment. Unlike nature reserves, where human activity is almost completely prohibited, the territory national parks tourists are allowed, business activities are allowed on a limited scale.
Reserve - guarded natural area, on which not a natural complex is under protection, but some of its parts: only plants, only animals, or their individual species or individual historical, memorial or geological objects.

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In 2017, there are about 110 nature reserves, 50 national parks, 61 nature reserves on the territory of Russia.

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Losiny Ostrov is one of the first national parks in Russia (created in 1983, simultaneously with Sochi), located on the territory of Moscow and the Moscow region. The fauna numbers more than 230 species of vertebrates, including more than 160 species of birds, 38 species of mammals; 15 species are represented by fish, 10 - amphibians and 5 - reptiles.
Sochi national park is one of the very first parks that were created on the territory of the country. The park is located in the northwest of the Greater Caucasus. It was created in 1983 with the aim of restoring and preserving natural complexes and objects of high scientific, recreational and ecological value. The total area of ​​the park is about 194 thousand hectares.

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There is just a temple, There is a temple of science, And there is also a temple of nature, With forests stretching their hands Towards the sun and winds. He is holy at any time of the day, Open to us in the heat and cold. Entering here, Be a bit of a heart, Do not desecrate his shrines. S.V. Smirnov

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Sources Ozhegov S.O. Dictionary of the Russian language. " Soviet encyclopedia»Moscow 1973 Balandin R.K., Markin V.A., “100 great geographical discoveries"Moscow" Veche "2008. Karpov G. V., "Encyclopedic Dictionary of a Young Geographer and Local Loreman" Moscow "Pedagogy" 1981. War V. Zariy Kh., "In the mountains of Karachay-Cherkessia" Moscow "Planet" 1979 Free encyclopedia. [Electronic resource] Wikipedia https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki. Megabook (megabook). [Electronic resource] Reserves of Russia http://megabook.ru/article/ Reserves% 20Russia. Nature reserves and national parks. [Electronic resource] National Parks of Russia http://www.zapovedniki-mira.com/nation_parks_russia.

"Barguzinsky Reserve" - ​​Total area -263,000 hectares. Birds of prey are not uncommon in the taiga. Cedar cones. There are many bears in the reserve. The average annual temperature is minus 4.4. Pine nuts are the main food for taiga animals and birds. The Barguzinsky Nature Reserve was organized in 1916. Barguzinsky sable. Quiet, sunny and frosty weather sets in in January.

"Almaty Reserve" - ​​Flora of the Altyn-Emel Park. The tongue of the glacier cracks into numerous blocks and moves rapidly downward. Kulans lived in Zaisan. The parent rocks are represented by loess loams, pebble and gypsum-bearing tertiary deposits. Reptiles are represented by 25 species. The total area of ​​the park is 459620 hectares.

"Alakol Reserve" - ​​In total, there are 33 species of mammals in the reserve. Vegetation. The people call the islands Stone. Low-carbonate serozem soils are developed in the upland parts of the Alakol depression. The Delta site belongs to south coast lake ... The foot of the hills is gravelly-pebble with loams and small saline soils.

"Caucasian Reserve" - ​​The nature of the Caucasian Reserve. Climatic conditions... The Caucasian Reserve is located in the Western Caucasus, within the Mostovsky, Maikop districts. The reserve has the largest scientific department in Russia (more than 30 employees at the end of 2001). By far the most vulnerable link in natural ecosystems are large mammals.

"Altai Reserve" - ​​Iogach. Photo: A. Lotov. Yaylu. Presentation of the project to the Public Council, September 13, 2007. Altai Biosphere Reserve (core) occupies about 10% of the territory of the Altai Republic. UNESCO World Heritage Site "Altai - Golden Mountains" (1998). Pos. Involvement of the local population.

"Reserves of Russia" - Taiga, pine forests, oak and steppe elements are noted in the flora of the reserve. Reserves. There are 3 types of reptiles and 5 species of amphibians .. Located on the Central Russian Upland in the Lipetsk region. The publication of the study of the tract caused a sensation in the scientific world. Golden eagle on Olkhon Island. A protective zone with a total area of ​​6,213 hectares has been created around the reserve.

The main goal of creating national parks and reserves is to protect living organisms balancing on the brink of extinction.

RESERVES

Reserves are areas of territories or water areas permanently withdrawn from economic use, in which they are preserved in natural

Great Arctic Reserve

Animal world

Vegetable world

Birds

BARGUZIN RESERVE

Animal world

ASTRAKHAN RESERVE

Animal world

Vegetable world

Birds

USSURI RESERVE

Animal world

Vegetable world

NATIONAL PARKS OF THE WORLD

Africa Kruger National Park.

Animal world

North America. Yellowstone National Park.

Animal world

If the reserve serves as a natural standard for obtaining scientific information, then the national park is a standard for cognitive information about

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Slide captions:

Nature reserves and national parks of Russia

Reserves are specially protected areas or water areas where they try to preserve nature in its original form. For this, any economic activity and tourism is completely prohibited on the territory of the reserve.

National parks are almost the same as a nature reserve, but tourism is allowed in the parks.

In total, there are 101 nature reserves and 35 national parks in Russia. Most of the reserves are on the territory of the Krasnoyarsk, Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories.

The first reserve on the territory of Russia is the Barguzinsky reserve in Buryatia. The largest reserves are Bolshoy Arctic, Komandorsky and Wrangel Island.

The first national park - Sochi National Park and " Elk Island" in Moscow. The largest national parks are Udege Legend, Yudyg Va, Tunkinsky, Vodlozersky, Shorsky.

Wrangel Island in the Arctic Ocean between the East Siberian and Chukchi Seas. Named after the 19th century Russian navigator and statesman Ferdinand Petrovich Wrangel. The width of the island at its narrowest part is about 140 km

The Wrangel Island reserve became the first Russian Arctic reserve The total area of ​​the reserve is 795 600 hectares, 5 miles of which surround the reserve from the sea.

The climate here is very harsh, strong cold winds blow here. Between November 22 and January 22, the sun does not rise here at all! But there is also a polar day, this is the time when the sun does not set for more than a day, it usually lasts from the 20th of May to the 20th of July.

The island is inhabited by completely different "northern animals", such as: Arctic foxes, arctic wolves, lemmings, seals, walruses; here you can meet the owner of the island - polar bear, often there are wolves, foxes, wolverines, ermines

Wrangel Island is popular with both birds that live here and migratory. Migratory birds use this skeleton as a resting point on major flights. Approximately 20 species arrive on the island and live here temporarily, and the same number live permanently in the reserve.

The reserve is home to such rare bird species as the white goose. Eiders, Icelandic Sandpipers, Tulesa, Glaucous Gulls, Fork-tailed Gulls, Long-tailed Skuas, White Owls also live here.

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