There are so many village names that are not found in the vastness of Russia - from the poetic and sublime ones, like Pospelovo, Voznesensky or Krasavino, to funny, funny and even incidental ones: Durnovo and Khrenovo, Zdorovo and Popka again, Lysaya Balda and Kozyavkino.
However, don't be in a hurry to laugh. If something in Russia seems funny to you, it means that you simply do not know something.
There were a great many principles by which villages and villages were called in Russia. For example, the names could be retained as the names of administrative units.
The centers of the boyars' possessions were called the Great or Big Yard, the fortified settlement was called Gorodok, the village with a church and a cemetery was called Pogost. The village, which began with a single courtyard, was called Pochinok, and the inhabitants of the village of Slobodki or Sloboda were once exempted from taxes. The settlements Stan, Stanovaya, Stanovishche received their names from the camps that were set up on the roads - princes or their governors stopped in them to collect taxes.
Local
The basic principle by which the Russians named their settlements was the name after the place on which the village stood. She could be called by the river or lake, according to some special sign: High Hill, Big Stone, Zalesovo, Zaplyvino, Bolshoi Lug, Istok.
The village of Pazukhi near Veliky Ustyug got its name from the word "bosom", which meant "backwater, bay"; the village of Porog stood at a stone ridge. The name of the villages Prislon and Prislo came from the noun prislon, which meant “mountainous river bank”, that is, the villages stood on the bank, on a hill.
The name Bear Vzvoz says not only that bears lived in the forests near the village, but also that it stands on the steeper - on the “vzvoz”
The village of Babka near Voronezh, according to one version, got its name from the pelicans that lived here, which in Russia were called bird women, and according to the other, there are many women - stone idols - near the village.
In Fried Bugr no one fried anyone, the word “Fried” came into the name from the Turkic language, in which “dzhar” meant “steep, steep coast”. And the village of Suchkino got its name from the grubbed arable land, which used to be called bitches.
The village of Istopnaya stood on a river flowing from the swamp, "swamp"; the name of the village of Isady in the old days meant the place of disembarkation, loading, pier. The name of the village Ryzhesidene comes from "seat" - a piece of land cultivated by the settler.
By name-nickname
The villages in Russia were called by the name common among the inhabitants, for example, Petrovo, Ivanovo, Yudino - the latter comes from the changed Christian name Judas.
The villages were called by the name or surname of its founder-pioneer settler, for example, the village of Elakino, Veliko-Ustyugsky district, got its name from the family nickname of the first settlers Sava and Karp, who were named "Elakinsky" ("Arctic fox books of the Russian North"). The names of the villages Klepik, Klepikovskaya came from the nickname Klepik, Klyapa, which in Russia was called crooked, stooped people.
Kurilovo got its name from the nickname of the founder of the village of Kurilo, which meant "drunkard, booze". The name of the village Pestovo goes back to the old Russian nickname Pest, which meant - a stupid, stubborn person. " And the villages of Suslovka, Susolovka, Susol were named in honor of Susol, who received his nickname from the verb "to susolit", that is, "to drink", "to suck". Bolshaya Rudnitsa originated from the name Rud, which is now not used, Kiev - from Kyi, and Makhnovo from the abbreviated name Matvey (N. V. Anisimova "What the names of our places say").
Zagoskino took its name from the nickname Zagoska - cuckoo, and Ratchino - from the name of Ratch, Ratibor, Porkhovka - from the name of Porkh, and Shilovo - from the nickname Shil.
By occupation
This is the most understandable principle of the name of the village - blacksmiths lived in Kuznetsovo, cattlemen lived in Velyatino or Velyach, in Kozhino they tanned leather, in Koromyslovo they bent rocker arms, and in Doschanovo they made vats for kvass and beer (doschan - vat), in Khomutovo they made harness, in Literate people lived in Grammateevo, the village of Khrenovo was famous for its horseradish fields, in which local peasants specialized, and in Good Bees they were engaged in beekeeping.
By the name of animals and trees
The village could be named by the animals for which the thickets surrounding it were famous. For example, Lisya Gorka, Barsuki, Komarovo, Gusevo, Zhuravlikha, Teterki, Kuliki, Vydrino, Shatunovo, Polozovo.
Or by the species of trees and shrubs that grew nearby - Sosnovka, Liptsy, Dubovaya, Dubye, Veresovka, Lozovitsy.
The village of Durnikha in the Moscow region is called so by the old name of blueberry - this berry was called a fool, and the locals picked it in the summer in a large number... The village of Cheremsha was famous for wild garlic, and a lot of bird cherry grew in Cheremukhono. Forests near Myasny Bor in the Novgorod region were rich in animals and game.
On church holidays
Villages and villages with such names were spread throughout Russia and Siberia: Arkhangelskoye, Uspenka, Postnoye, Vosrkesenka, Nikolskoye, Bogorodskoye, Troitskoye. Sometimes there are pagan names, for example, Staroperunovo and Novoperunovo.
Adapted titles
In some places, the Turkic names of the villages were changed into the Russian way, and now one can only guess what this name meant earlier. For example, the name of the Trans-Baikal village Khokhotui may have previously sounded in Buryat as Khokhotui or Khogotoi, which meant a birch forest, or Khokhotui, that is, a tract, a road.
V Volgograd region there is the village of Tsatsa, the name of which most likely goes back to the Kolmyk name of the Buddhist chapel. And the village of Baldeyka in Udmurtia is called so from the Tatar word "buldy", which means "successful completion of the case"
In honor of the events
Some of the villages are named after some event, often of an anecdotal nature. For example, Pancake Heaps in the Smolensk region got their name from the pancakes, which were greeted by the inhabitants of the village of Empress Catherine II. And Zdorov again got its name from two landowners who greeted all the time in one place. The village of Trakhoneevo was named in honor of the Byzantine family of Trakhaneots, whose representatives were present at the wedding of Sophia Palaeologus and Ivan III. And the Posolkoye village in Buryatia is named after the ambassadors who were killed by the nomads on this place.
The Russian village ... For some it is a relic of the agrarian past, for others it is the keeper of the Russian soul. One way or another, every year urbanization “eats up” three villages in the country on average. What are the reasons for the extinction and degradation of the Russian village? How many villages are there in Russia today? And which of them are the most beautiful? You will find answers to all these questions in our article.
Unemployment, hopelessness, despondency ...
It is these unpleasant words that most often describe the modern Russian village. Broken asphalt, fragmentarily left over from the prosperous Soviet times, abandoned farms, destroyed houses of culture, dirt, lack of lighting and a central sewerage system - this is typical for most of the villages and villages of today's Russia. There are, of course, pleasant exceptions. But there are too few of them.
Many villages in Russia, due to the huge area of the latter, in literally words are cut off from any benefits of civilization. They can be located several hundred kilometers from the nearest city or regional center. In such villages, people, like a hundred or two hundred years ago, live by subsistence farming: they sow fields, raise livestock, fish, hunt and drink strong tea from real samovars.
A classic example of a "Russian hinterland" is the so-called Krasny Bereg. This is an area consisting of three villages, lost in the middle of coniferous forests. Vologda region... The total number of their population is 10 people. In fact, there are no roads to these settlements. In winter it can only be overcome by snowmobile, and in summer (after heavy rain) only by tractor. Water - from springs, light - from kerosene lamps, generator - one for three villages.
And how many of these villages are scattered across the vastness of Russia is difficult to say.
Russian village: in facts and figures
- As of the beginning of 2018, 19.1% of the total population of the Russian Federation live in rural areas.
- In the period from 2002 to 2010. (between the last two censuses) the number of depopulated villages in Russia increased by 6 thousand.
- Today there are about 150 thousand rural settlements in the country.
- About half of them are home to no more than 100 people.
- 17 thousand Russian villages have no permanent population.
- The average density in the Russian Federation is 2 people / sq. km.
- The maximum percentage of the rural population is observed in Krasnodar Territory- almost 45%.
- The largest villages are located in the North Caucasus.
- The largest village in Russia in terms of population is Novaya Usman. It is home to 27.5 thousand people.
The reasons for the extinction of the Russian village
Village degradation is one of the most pressing socio-economic problems modern Russia... Over the past twenty years, the country's rural population has been steadily declining. Moreover, not only due to natural decline (high mortality against the background of low birth rates), but also due to the colossal migration outflow.
Young people categorically do not want to live in the village, trying by any available means to escape to the capital or the nearest Big City... As a result, in many Russian villages only old people and openly asocial elements remain. The share of depopulated villages in some constituent entities of the Russian Federation has already reached 20%.
Why is the Russian village dying out? There are several reasons:
- High unemployment rate.
- Degradation of social infrastructure (lack of schools, kindergartens, clinics, etc.).
- A lower standard of living compared to the urban environment.
- Frequent lack of housing and communal benefits (sewerage, gasification, lighting, Internet, etc.).
To revive the Russian village and return the youth to it, a comprehensive state program is required to save it and further development... Of course, this also requires colossal cash.
The most beautiful villages in Russia: list
Let's try to end our article on a positive note. Not all villages in Russia look dull and hopeless. Some of them are able to surprise with their color, authentic spirit and distinctive architecture. Listed below are five ancient Russian villages that are definitely worth visiting at least once in your life:
- Varzuga, Murmansk region. The village was founded in the middle of the 15th century. Center for the Atlantic salmon catch.
- Big Kunaley, Buryatia. Quite a large village, resembling in its appearance an illustration for a collection of children's fairy tales. All the houses here are decorated exactly the same: brown walls, blue windows, green fences.
- Vershinino, Arkhangelsk region... A traditional village in the Russian North. It is famous for its unique and perfectly preserved architecture of the 17th-18th centuries.
- Okunevo, Omsk region. A colorful, amazing and mystical village, in which adherents of five different religions have found refuge. The village is a place of attraction for all lovers of esotericism and meditation.
- Elovo, Perm Territory... An environmentally friendly village located on the banks of the Kama. It amazes all guests not only with magnificent natural landscapes, but also with its improvement. There is asphalt, walking paths, flower beds and playgrounds.
Finally…
The process of village extinction is not a unique Russian phenomenon. In general, it is similar to similar processes in other countries and regions of the planet. But, in spite of everything, the Russian village still lives, with all its advantages and disadvantages. And, hopefully, in the near future it will begin to revive. After all, as one old Russian proverb says: "A city is a kingdom, and a village is a paradise."
For real beautiful villages in Russia there are not very many left, they are painstakingly collected and numbered by specialists from historical and security organizations in order to carefully preserve the remaining crumbs. Today, the list of "not yet lost" will include a little more than a dozen. Each of them is interesting from the point of view of history, architecture, traditional way of life. Each will leave a mark on the heart after visiting.
So, the most beautiful villages in Russia:
The most colorful villages
The village of Desyatnikovo. Buryatia. The first mention is 1746.
The village of Desyatnikovo consists of five streets.
Currently, 778 people live in the village of Desyatnikovo.
The village of Desyatnikovo is located near the Selenga River.
The village of Atsagat. This word, translated from the Buryat language, means “stone”.
There are about 100 households in the village of Atsagat.
Atsagatsky datsan. Founded in 1825.
The village of Tarbagatai is one of the largest Old Believer villages in Transbaikalia.
The Tarbagatai village is located along the Kuytunka River (right tributary of the Selenga)
The Tarbagatai village was founded in the 1710s.
The village of Bolshoy Kunaley was founded in 1765.
The name of the village of Kunalei is "hunilla", which in translation from Buryat means "assembly" or "fold".
The village of Kunalei preserves the identity, culture and traditions of its ancestors.
Lost among mountains and meadows with fragrant herbs, very similar to each other and not at all similar, there are four villages in Buryatia at once, located approximately at the same distance to the east and south of Ulan-Ude.Desyatnikovo, Atsagat, Tarbagatai and Bolshoi Kunaley... Almost all the buildings in these villages are painted in bright colors on the outside: reds, oranges and blues, while the interior walls, furniture and even ceilings are painted even brighter. This traditional decoration was very characteristic of wealthy peasant houses. Traditional folk costumes are no less striking, it seems that the funniest people in the world live in these villages, who do not want to leave their childhood. Meanwhiletraditional culture of Tarbagatai villagewas proclaimed a "Masterpiece of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity" by UNESCO. And the village of Atsagat is also one of the religious centers of the region. Back in 1825, a datsan was erected here, which raised more than one generation of lamas. And local herbs can even be found in the atlases of Tibetan medicine.
Oldest villages
Village Staraya Ladoga founded in 753.
Until 1703, Ladoga was a city.
According to the Novgorod Chronicle, the grave of Prophetic Oleg is located in Ladoga (according to the Kiev version, his grave is located in Kiev on Mount Schekovitsa).
When the daughter of the Swedish king Olaf Shötkonung, princess Ingigerda in 1019 married the Novgorod prince Yaroslav the Wise, she received the city of Aldeygyuborg (Old Ladoga) with the adjacent lands as a dowry (Vienna), which have since received the name of Ingermanlandia (Ingegerda land).
Afanasievskaya church in Varzuga.
Temple of the Assumption Holy Mother of God in Varzuga.
The main source of income for the local population at all times was the sale of salmon caught in the Varzuga River.
Perhaps it was the harsh northern weather, frost and wind and ice that contributed to the fact thatthe most ancient villages of Russiaare located in the northwest, in the Leningrad and Murmansk regions: Staraya Ladoga and Varzuga. We will not argue who is older than them, we will leave it to the specialists, the history of both of them is more than 600 years old. that stands on the Volkhov River is considered the starting point of the great journey "from the Varangians to the Greeks," one of the three Varangian brothers called to Russia ruled here. She was the largest shopping center even before Novgorod, and the walls of its fortress were stormed by the Swedes. She has absorbed the entire culture of the North Russian peoples. stands on the banks of the river of the same name, which flows into the White Sea. Its main decorations are wooden churches, of which five were built here, were built without a single nail, like many religious buildings of northern masters. Here wasPatriarchal House Solovetsky Monastery therefore the lands and springs around are holy. And the main trade local residents there were salmon fishing and pearl fishing, which gave birth to the river Varzuga.
The harshest villages
The first mention of Teriberka dates back to the 16th century.
The village got its name from the river Teriberka of the same name, the name of which, in turn, according to one of the versions, goes back to the outdated name of the Kola Peninsula - Ter.
Until 1984, Teriberka had no road connection and it was possible to get there either by sea or by helicopter.
The village of Esso got its name in 1932.
Almost the entire village of Esso is heated by natural geothermal waters.
The village of Esso is called "Kamchatka Switzerland".
Every year in March the international dog sled race "Beringia" starts from the village.
They are harsh not because of the characters of the local residents, but because they are located in such places that it is not clear how people can live here, and even build such beautiful villages. They are scattered on the two extreme sides of our country: in the Barents Sea and Esso on the . Teriberka appeared on the Kola Peninsula in the 16th century, but it became very famous only now, after filming of the film "Leviathan"... Here, in the tundra zone, where the cold sky here meets the cold ground and is reflected in the cold water, there was a fishing whaling village. Today this village is beautiful, perhaps only by nature, because most of infrastructure is abandoned and in a very poor condition. It is the combination of the decline of civilization against the backdrop of harsh landscapes that makes this place eerily beautiful. And on the contrary, the village of Esso is full of health in the middle of snowy Kamchatka, because it is surrounded on all sides by hot thermal springs... Happy people live here who even manage to grow grapes in such a climate. And from here every year the most famous dog sled race -.
The very first and the very last village
The old merchant village of Vyatskoye is located in the Nekrasovsky District, one of the most environmentally friendly and historically significant areas of the Yaroslavl Region.
The village of Vyatskoye was first mentioned in documentary sources in 1502 as the center of the metropolitan Vyatka volost.
The village of Vyatskoye is a unique urban development complex of the 18th - 19th centuries with more than 50 registered architectural monuments, former merchant and peasant houses, tea and tavern establishments, almshouses.
Not so long ago, Russia joined the world association that searches on earth for the most beautiful villages in every country. The main selection criteria: the village should be alive, not museumified, no more than 2,000 inhabitants should live in it, and the rural way of life should be preserved. Each village found is solemnly awarded the title of "Most Beautiful", a corresponding plaque is issued, and a special inauguration ceremony is held. After which the village is included in the list of its own kind. So far, there are only six officially recognized beautiful villages on the territory of Russia, but we must not forget that the list was opened only in 2015. The very first was recognized beautiful village, or rather a village, ... Ancient merchant houses, almost each of which is an architectural monument, as well as as many as ten museums of completely different directions: from traditional to polytechnic. The last on the list was the villagein Karelia, whose inauguration took place on June 10, 2016. The village, which fell into the scribes in the 16th century, and began its history with four farms, now consists of only 16 old Karelian houses, the Chapel of the Smolensk Mother of God and five residents, two of which have a family tree with local roots dating back 500 years.
Unusual names: villages, settlements RUSSIA and got the best answer
Answer from Dmitry Shapovalov [guru]
On the forum of the Radio Mayak website, I found the following list:
We publish unusual names Russian cities, villages and villages sent by our listeners.
The city of Slavgorod, Altai Territory.
City and river Karasuk, Novosibirsk region.
The village of Strashevo, Pskov region.
Yakhrenka village, Kirov region.
The village of Bambuchki on Sakhalin.
The villages of Baikal and Mars in Bashkiria.
In the Moscow region - the rivers Besputa and Mutenka.
The village of Nedomerki, Pskov region.
Near Norilsk - the Gryaznukha river.
V Kaluga region the river Vysa flows.
Dagestan, Luxemburg village.
Orenburg region, Blyavtamak village.
The village of Grudishchi not far from the town of Kostroma.
Oladikha village Nizhny Novgorod region.
The Ik River in Bashkiria.
In Astrakhan there is the Balda river.
In Krasnoyarsk - the village of Chesnoki.
In Chukotka - the village of Chaplino.
V Magadan region- the city of Gadlya.
Belgorod region - the village of Zhabskoye, Ladomirovka, the farm Yamki, Zazhuevka, Khryapino, Salovka, Valuyki.
In Altai - the village of Aya, its inhabitants are aychans.
In Stary Oskol there is the Ublya river.
Sinebryukhovo village, Arkhangelsk region.
The village of Muzhi in the north of the Tyumen region.
Altai Republic, village Choya.
In the Kemerovo region, the village of Mutnoe.
Moscow region, Klinsky district, the village of Gologuzovo.
In the Tobolsk region, the village of Barabany.
In the Lukhovitsky district of the Moscow region - the Voblya river.
In Chukotka, in the Bilibino region, there is the Keperveem river, which means the Wolverine River.
In Khakassia there is a small river Parnushka, which flows near the village of Parnoe.
In Ulyanovsk there are the Gushcha and Herring rivers.
Kaluga region, the villages of Korekozevo - Zheltukhi - Sinyavka - Matyukovo - Marmyzhi - Zlovodka - Malaya Bolsukha - Lyubun - Svinukhovo - Chumazovo - Life Waves.
In the Republic of Bashkortostan - the village of Batraki.
In Transbaikalia there are the villages of Ulyoty and Zaigraevo.
In the Kostroma region - the village of Krasny Eleon.
In the village of Poputnaya Krasnodar Territory river Bey-Murza-Chekhrak.
In the Chunsky district there are the villages of Bayanda, Vesyoliy and Vydrino.
In Tataria, in the Aznakayevsky district, there is the village of Chemodurovo.
The village of Potnyaki in the Kirov region.
In Altai - the villages of Polovinkino, Novosklyuha, Novoperunovo.
In Bashkiria, in the Belebeevsky district, there is the village of Kum-Kosyak.
Not far from the town of Noyabrsk, on the Yamal Peninsula, the Nyudya-Pidya-Yakha stream.
Shchekotiha village, Ivanovo region.
In Yakutia, in the Olekminsky district - the village of Biryuk.
In the Volgograd region there is the Raztverdyaevka river in the Shakin farm.
In the Stavropol Territory there are the rivers Kuma and Podkumok. And in Kabarda there is the city of Zalukokoazhe.
Republic of Buryatia - Zabukhai village.
In the Chita region - the Durali River.
In Udmurtia, the village of Game, the village of Baldeika.
In the Altai Territory, the villages of Petukhov Log, Bezrukavka, Warsaw.
Perm Territory, the village of Fools.
In the Tver region, the village of Lokhovo (Small and Big).
The village of Khokhotui, Trans-Baikal Territory.
In the north of the Omsk region there are rivers: Shish, Uy, Ibeika, Arkarka.
There is a stream Ipukik in Kamchatka.
On Sakhalin - the Khoyambusibin river.
In the Bodaibo district of the Irkutsk region - the village of Mama.
The village of Promokashka, Chelyabinsk region.
In the Krasnoyarsk Territory - the village of Kozulka.
V Chelyabinsk region the villages of Ferschempenoise and Paris.
In the Tomsk region - the Chemondaevka river.
In the outback of the Urals, there is the town of San Donato.
Settlement Kosoy Byk, Krasnoyarsk Territory.
In the Samara region there is a village with the cute name of Koshki.
In the Omsk region, in the village of Sidelnikovo, the Uy river flows.
The village of Bedoba, Krasnoyarsk Territory.
Pereplyuyka river, Tomsk region, city of Asino.
Kirov region, Kobeli village, Ezhikha village, Gusi village.
Lakes Krivoe and Horoshenkoe in the Samara region.
The Pokhabikha River flows into Baikal.
The village of Tebenki in the Kemerovo region.
In the Stavropol Territory - the Mukha River.
Srakino village, Vologda region.
Near Novosibirsk - the village of Mochishche.
Answer from Oksana[guru]
there is the village of Nasilovo in the Ryaz region)
Answer from Unknown[master]
In the Moscow region. Durykino, Rzhavki))
Answer from Lobotomy and Anhedonia[guru]
stone end, pancakes, goats, pikes, Mocha river, Bolshoi Kuyash, r. Uy, Malaya Pyssa, Nizhnie Khachiki, Moshonki, Chern, the village where Galkin lives is called Dirt (from Dirt to riches)) Bayandai, Chuvaki, Plan, Sinenkie, Verkhniye Shmary, Lokhovo, Vydropuzhsk, Pyankovo, Pedrilovo, Lobok (in company with Moshonka) ) Deep, Narrow, Soft, Malaya Blizzard, Khomutiha, and somewhere the river Ublya flows
Answer from Alexander Nefedov[guru]
river voblya in the suburbs and every 2 more name
Answer from Birthday[guru]
There is the village of Vad in the Nizhny Novgorod region. If you tell someone that you are going there, you hear "To Hell".
Answer from Roman Kapustin[newbie]
The village of Solovikha and the village of Petropavlovskoye (Petropavlovka)
According to the All-Russian Population Census, as of October 14, 2010, there were 1287 urban-type settlements in Russia. Of these, 206 with a population of more than 10 thousand inhabitants. No. Urban-type settlement Region Population, thous. (2002) ... ... Wikipedia
Urban planning of the USSR and Russia Documentation Urban planning code · Rules for land use and development · General plan · Planning project · Land surveying project
According to the All-Russian Population Census as of October 9, 2002, there were 181 rural settlements in Russia with a population of more than 10 thousand inhabitants. Among the largest rural settlements 95 villages, 56 villages, 29 villages and 1 ... ... Wikipedia
According to the results of the 2010 census, among 1100 cities in Russia, 163 cities had a population of more than 100 thousand inhabitants (and also 2 more rounded off), entering the category of large, large, largest cities and cities of millionaires. Moreover, 1 more ... ... Wikipedia
Urban-type settlement Chervone ukr. Chervone Country UkraineUkraine ... Wikipedia
Coordinates: 55 ° 42 ′ s. sh. 36 ° 58 ′ E d. / 55.7 ° N sh. 36.966667 ° E etc ... Wikipedia
