Statistics and public opinion on this issue are very different. One thing is for sure: absolutely safe modes of transport do not exist... Nevertheless, many of the fears of passengers about using this or that mode of transport are unfounded.
According to a survey conducted in 2006 by the All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion (VTsIOM), in terms of safety, the planes were located on last place, and rail transport came in first place.
70% of the respondents give it a positive assessment, and only 15% consider it "definitely dangerous". Negative reviews received aviation. 84% of respondents believe that such travel is dangerous, and 33% - that it is very dangerous. Water transport had similar assessments: 44% perceive it as a dangerous mode of travel and only 39% as a safe one. And the most popular type of transport - automobile - is assessed ambiguously: 48% consider it safe, 50% - dangerous.
Statistics prove the opposite. The safest is the plane, followed by water and rail transport.... But cars are considered the most dangerous means of transportation. The data are calculated based on the number of people injured when using a particular type of transport.
We feel most secure in. But according to statistics, the number of accidents is much higher than in. Usually they are not so widespread and receive less public response.
According to ICAO (International Organization civil aviation- the UN agency that sets international standards for civil aviation), there is one accident per million departures, which cannot be said about car and other accidents. But any plane crash, even the smallest aircraft, immediately attracts media attention. This contributes to the formation of a negative opinion about aviation as a very dangerous form of travel.
However, the investigation of air crashes suggests that they occur due to a combination of rare circumstances, the possibility of which is minimal (statistics of air crashes).
The probability that a passenger boarding a plane will die in a plane crash is approximately 1 / 8,000,000. If a passenger takes a random flight every day, it will take 21,000 years to die.
It is also considered erroneous to believe that in the event of a plane crash, the chances of survival are minimal. According to the analysis results 568 aviation accidents occurred in USA from 1983 to 2000, fatalities account for only 5% of total passengers on board. According to these statistics, of the 53,487 people involved in plane crashes, 51,207 survived. As a result of a more detailed study of 26 serious accidents, accompanied by strong impacts of liners on the ground, their breaking into pieces and fires, it turned out that about 50% of the people on board were saved in these accidents (how to survive a plane crash).
The likelihood of survival for the crew of passengers and pilots increases if the plane makes an emergency landing, even if it is not designed for such measures. Experts say that splashdown increases the chances of human survival by 50%.
Against the background of the statistics of air crashes, the statistics of accidents on the roads looks not very rosy. Only in Of the Russian Federation in 2009 there were 203 603 road accidents, as a result of which 26,084 people died and 257,034 were injured.
Of course, if we take the number of kilometers traveled as a basis, then the safest mode of transport can be safely considered space... In the entire history of development, only 3 spacecraft did not reach the earth (2 for the Americans and 1 for us). By the way, space tourism, despite its cost, is gaining increasing popularity, and the number of people wishing to visit space is constantly growing.
Afraid to fly, preferring a car or a train? It’s completely in vain. Today we will define the most without dangerous species transport based on dry statistics, which, as it turned out, has little to do with our fears.
It was not in vain that we started with fears, because they clearly show the extent to which our emotions and conjectures can prevail over facts and common sense. It is no coincidence that absolutely all sociological polls give approximately the same result. People think that the safest mode of transport is the train, the second place is the car, and the most dangerous, of course, is the plane. But it gives slightly different results.
There are several methods for calculating mortality in the world different types transport. The most accurate and widespread is the ratio of fatalities per segment of the distance traveled. The starting point is considered to be 100 million miles (160 million kilometers).
True, based on these statistics, the most safe view transport - space. Indeed, in its entire history, only three accidents happened, and the distances were enormous. However, space tourism is a prospect, albeit not too distant, but the future, therefore, we will consider the more common means of transportation.
Especially for you: airplane is the safest mode of transport, statistics confirm this 100%. 0.6 people die per 100 million miles. Taking 2014 as an example, there were 21 plane crashes worldwide. Of these, 10 are cargo ships, 11 are passenger ships. A total of 990 people died. This is less than the number of cyclists killed, and even less than the number of people killed in a year by donkeys.
In total, about 33 million flights were flown during the year. On average, there is one accident per 1 million departures. It should be noted, however, that most of them are on small private jets.
The probability of dying in a crash on a regular passenger flight is extremely small, 1 / 8,000,000. Even flying every day, it will take 21 millennia to get on that ill-fated flight that crashes.
The myth that there is no chance of survival in a plane crash also has little to do with reality. Aircrafts are designed by people who know firsthand about aerodynamics and gravity. Therefore, in order to bump into the ground from a height of 10,000 km, you need to try hard.
Let's turn to statistics again. Over the past 20-odd years, about 500 aircraft accidents have occurred in the United States. The death toll in them was only 5% of the passengers on board at the time of the accident. Even if we disregard minor incidents and analyze only serious disasters with impacts to the ground, fracture of the aircraft body and fires, the number of survivors in them is approximately 50%.
Railway transport
According to statistics, this is the safest type. land transport... The fatality rate due to train accidents is 0.9 passengers per 160 million km. Sounds incredible considering the speed at which state-of-the-art trains travel. However, you can't argue with numbers. At the same time, to a large extent, global statistics are spoiled by countries such as, where the concept of safety has a very specific meaning.
Automobile transport
1.6 people are killed in traffic accidents per 160 million km of distance traveled. According to these statistics, the car can be safely attributed to the most dangerous form of transport. Every year, about 1.2 million people die on the roads of the world, which is a thousand times more than in plane crashes. Thus, you are more likely to get into an accident on the way to the airport than to die on the plane itself.
Moreover, these figures apply only to four-wheeled vehicles. If we talk about motorcycles and mopeds, then the death rate there is many times higher: 42 people per 160 million km.
Emergency landings: a video showing that even the most difficult situations have a way out.
When we need to set off on a long journey, then everyone thinks about which type of transport to choose. And this is not an idle question, since it is directly related to the safety of life.
This is what we will talk about in the article from the "" heading.
So, what type of transport is the safest, and what does the statistics say about this?
Consider the three most popular means of transportation: aviation, rail, and road.
Before presenting the statistics, I would like to note that opinion polls give us an amazing picture. People consider the train to be the safest mode of transport, the second place is given to the car, but, according to the opinion of the layman, they are the most dangerous means of transportation.
These data clearly demonstrate how strongly our people can prevail over dry numbers and stubborn facts.
What does the statistics say?
- The plane is the safest form of transport.
- The train is in second place.
- Car is considered the most dangerous form of transport.
Safe Transport Statistics
Now let's talk about this in more detail. First, you need to figure out by what principle statistics calculate the safest mode of transport.
There are three methods for calculating this indicator, and scientists consider the most accurate method that analyzes the ratio dead people 100 million miles (i.e. 160 million km).
Air transport
According to the above statistics, the plane is the safest mode of transport. 0.6 people die per 100 million miles.
As an example, let's take data for 2014, when there were 21 air crashes in the world. A total of 990 people died, of which 11 were passenger aircraft, and the remaining 10 were cargo aircraft.
A total of 33 million flights were flown in 2014. There was only one accident per million sorties (the overwhelming majority of which occurred with frequent aircraft, not ordinary ones).
Statisticians say that the probability of dying in a plane crash of an ordinary passenger flight is negligible, and amounts to 1 / 8,000,000.
The statisticians are ironic in this: you are more likely to get into an accident while driving to the airport than to get into a plane crash!
Railway transport
The railroad provides us with the safest way to travel on land. According to statistics, the death rate from railway accidents is 0.9 passengers per 160 million km.
It is quite possible that even this will seem surprising to you, because we rarely hear about accidents on the railway.
In fact, the statistics of mortality from railway accidents, in the overwhelming majority, are spoiled by countries such as. They know about safety only by hearsay.
Surely you have met on the Internet different and with real photographs from the life of trains in this wonderful country.
Automobile transport
But the most unsafe mode of transport is a car. According to statistics, 1.6 people die per 160 million km, that is, a thousand times more than in plane crashes.
And this does not apply to two-wheeled vehicles (and mopeds). Their figures are generally depressing: 42 people per 160 million km.
We hope that now you not only “heard the ringing, but you don’t know where it is,” but on facts and figures you are convinced which is the safest mode of transport.
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Vehicles allow us to travel quickly and comfortably around the world, but at what cost? Millions of people die in transport every year.
10. Moped and motorcycle
Mopeds and motorcycles are rightfully ranked tenth in our ranking of the safest modes of transport. For many years in a row, such vehicles have been considered the most dangerous. Motorcycles account for only 1% of total traffic, while on the roads 20% of deaths are caused by this type of transport.
In order to survive, you should remember that you cannot develop a dashing speed of more than 70 km / h. Desperate bravado is not only misplaced, it can also cost the driver his life. And if he took a passenger with him .. According to statistics, 125 deaths are accounted for every 1.5 billion km .. The mortality rate of ordinary car drivers is 28 times less than the mortality rate of motorcycle drivers. These are the modern facts.
The bicycle is considered one of the most dangerous types of transport from year to year, according to official statistics. This year was no exception, unfortunately. The most common road traffic accidents involving bicycles occur in collisions with vehicles.
The number of such accidents on the roads is constantly growing. Therefore, cyclists should be as careful as possible. Since adolescents are most often killed in such accidents, all parents should take into account this moment... 1.5 billion km. according to statistics, there are 35 deaths.
8. Metro
In case of accidents, this type of transport destroys the lives of many people at once. AND emergencies in the metro are especially dangerous for the townspeople. If we talk about Russia, the most frequent victims are the passengers of the Moscow metro.
7. Sea transport
Ferries are not as safe as boating enthusiasts would like. According to statistics of the current year, by 1.5 billion km. accounted for 20 deaths. In particular, it should be noted that not every death occurs as a result of a crash.
There are known cases of passengers falling overboard. Water transport is also unsafe!
6. Spaceship
Only 18 spaceships of those that were sent into limitless space, since the very first flight in 1961, have not been able to return. And this with an impressive amount of this type of transport sent into space.
There were 530 ships in total. It should be borne in mind that people did not die in space itself. Tragedies happened during takeoff or at the time of landing. According to statistics, 1.5 billion km. accounts for 7 human deaths.
5. Minibus
Unfortunately, it is not uncommon for people to die while traveling on this type of transport, often due to the low qualifications of the drivers.
4. Car
Previously, cars were considered an incredibly dangerous type of transport. So, how, in statistics, the car turned out to be one of the safest types of transport? Everything is very simple.
Cars have been significantly modified in recent years. Thus, the number of accidents has decreased significantly. New statistics show that 1.5 billion km. accounted for four deaths to the share of cars. However, this does not mean that you can safely forget about safety measures or become fans of crazy driving.
3. Bus
1 billion km. accounted for 0.5 deaths according to official statistics. This applies to ordinary buses. Therefore, in the ranking of the safest modes of transport, it was the buses that took the honorable 3rd place.
In European spaces, this type public transport is among the safest. In Egypt, things are worse, as in the Russian Federation. But still, in the third position of the rating, buses are deservedly so.
However, do not forget about the terrible incidents associated with this type of transport. It is worth remembering at least how a bus was rammed by a truck in the capital. And this is not an isolated case!
2. Airplane
But, according to statistics, the plane cannot be attributed to the safest modes of transport. Nevertheless, 0.5 deaths accounted for 1.5 billion kilometers, if we also take into account small aircraft with helicopters. Commercial ships will always outperform conventional light aircraft.
However, it should not be forgotten that the worst thing in the case of plane crashes is the fact that almost none of the huge number of passengers can not escape. And even the crew of an aircraft is often no more lucky in plane crashes. It is known that such incidents can never be an accident.
When a plane crash occurs, a combination of certain factors is to blame. However, airplanes are always considered to be one of the safest types of transport. And statistics confirm this every year. But most surprising of all, people are often much more afraid of flying airplanes than of riding motorcycles.
Trains, according to statistics, are considered the most safe transport in the world and were in the first place on our list. This is especially true for American and European trains, with only 0.2 deaths per 1.5 billion km. to the share of trains.
If we take only The Russian Federation, on railway transport the mortality rate is 0.7 per 1.5 billion km, which is also not very high.
Today you can hardly find a person who would not love or dream of traveling. New cities, people, unforgettable impressions, discoveries, rest - what many expect and strive for.
Choosing a route, the final destination for their vacation or weekend, everyone tries to choose the most interesting option... However, in addition to the direction, you also have to choose the method of movement. V modern world you can travel by air, by land, by water. The variety of modes of transport allows you to choose, not only based on your own preferences. Lack of finance sometimes also dictates its own terms.
Each of the modes of transport has its fans. And any of the ways to move has its pros and cons. Let's consider each of them.
Travel by car
Trips to own car available to many. This type of travel has a number of undeniable advantages:
- Freedom of movement;
- Acceptable cost of the trip;
- No baggage restrictions (except for the physical dimensions of the car);
- The ability to change the route at any time.
Traveling on their own, a person independently chooses a schedule, stops and rest. Noticing something interesting along the way, the motorist can always change his route, visit some interesting places. In addition, choosing this type of travel, you can be absolutely sure that no surprises will happen with unpleasant random fellow travelers. Such a trip may be shorter than, for example, a train.
The cost of traveling by car is quite democratic and acceptable in comparison with a train or air travel. In addition, today all kinds of services for finding fellow travelers are quite popular, which makes the trip even cheaper. At the present time, in conditions, the ability to find fellow travelers and pay only part of the costs allows you to significantly save your budget. And if you thoroughly approach the selection of a company, you can also brighten up the road with exciting communication. It is important to approach this issue responsibly.
However, there are a number of disadvantages to this type of travel. First, driving long distances can be tiring for the driver. It's good to travel in a company, change each other while driving. Otherwise, driver fatigue and lack of concentration can lead to trouble on the road. In addition, the driver is unlikely to get pleasure from such a trip. If there is no opportunity to periodically change while driving a car, it is important to think over comfortable places for stops and good rest. It is also important to remember to factor in the costs of such stops when planning your travel budget.
It is also important to remember that even the most modern car is just a mechanism that is susceptible to breakdowns and malfunctions. When planning your route, it is better to inquire in advance about the condition of the roads in the selected area, as well as the presence of auto repair shops along the way. Traveling by car always carries the risk of getting into an accident, even through no fault of your own.
When going on a trip by car, you need to think in advance and find guarded parking lots. Unfortunately, it is the people who travel in this way that often become victims of all kinds of scammers and swindlers on the road. In addition, by spending finance analysis for a trip, it is worthwhile to provide for paid parking in advance and, because this can become a quite tangible item of expenses on the way.
When going on a trip by car, it is worth considering the physical capabilities of everyone who is in the car. Not everyone will be comfortable without full movement during a long trip. It is worth considering this moment in advance and foreseeing stops in order to stretch out. This can affect travel time.
Travel by car
Nevertheless, despite the disadvantages and difficulties of such travel, this type of transport remains quite popular among the population. The only exceptions are very distant directions. So, for example, a trip from Moscow to Vladivostok by car will hardly be justified in terms of cost and time spent. Unless travelers are planning to visit all the cities and towns of our vast homeland. That can also become one of the most unforgettable adventures and remain in memory for a long time.
Travel by train
Going on a trip for work or on vacation, many give preference. There are many reasons for this choice. Compared to traveling by car, the train wins the opportunity to sleep in a comfortable position on a long journey, to move around the carriage. Ticket prices are quite reasonable, in addition, there is an opportunity to choose the class of your seat. Currently available:
- Platzkart cars (the cheapest);
- Coupe;
The latter are the most expensive on the train, but certainly the most comfortable for those who do not like excessive noise and an abundance of strangers around.
The possibility of choosing a class of trip, undoubtedly, should be attributed to the positive aspects of travel. by rail... It’s not just about convenience. Different classes of cars make it possible to order tickets based on the condition personal finance, which is of no small importance for many.
The time spent on the trip depends on the distance and type of train. For example, the high-speed "Sapsan" direction Moscow - St. Petersburg goes a little faster than usual. True, the cost of tickets is almost twice the price of a trip on a regular train.
For example, it is worth considering a trip from the capital to St. Petersburg. A trip by a regular train will cost a Russian 1,500 rubles. But for 1 ticket for the "Sapsan" you will have to pay 2,800 rubles. Travel time on a regular train will be approximately 9.5 hours. High-speed train"Sapsan" will take the traveler to the destination in just 5 hours.
When choosing rail transport for travel, it is important to remember some of the disadvantages. For example, not everyone settlements railway tracks have been laid. Therefore, you will have to spend additional funds and time for a taxi or bus to reach the destination.
Travel by train Do not forget about the additional costs of time and money for the trip to railway station... This can also take some time, plus you will have to pay the cost of the trip by bus or taxi. When planning your trip, it is important to consider such details as this affects the cost of the entire trip. In addition, the time that is not taken into account in advance to get to the station can play a cruel joke on the traveler.
The disadvantages of this type of transport include the tediousness of long-distance travel. It can take several days to get from one end of the country to the other. From a psychological point of view, such a trip can become burdensome for some people, because one should not forget about the presence of fellow travelers who do not always please with their behavior or manners.
Nevertheless, the very affordable prices for travel by rail make it a popular means of transportation, especially during vacations or holidays.
Travel by bus
This type of travel has become widespread due to the abundance of budget proposals from tour operators. Today, many companies offer weekly tours to neighboring countries for quite affordable prices... Moreover, if you wish, you can find offers in which you will be offered to travel around half of Europe in 10-12 days. Thus, the use of buses gradually moved from the category of trips to the country or close distances, to the category of trips abroad or comfortable travel around the country.
Choosing this type of travel for yourself, it is worth remembering that on the bus, for quite a long time, you will have to be practically motionless. Occasional stops, of course, allow you to stretch your swollen limbs. However, this will not be enough for everyone. The result of such a trip may be exacerbated diseases.
Despite the comfort of modern buses long distance This type of travel may not be suitable for those prone to motion sickness. In addition, those who are overweight, who have some kind of problems with the spine, with blood vessels and in general with health, should think about choosing another type of transport for travel.
Travel by bus From the point of view of psychology, such a trip is perfect for sociable and cheerful people for whom minor road troubles and some discomfort will not spoil the travel experience. Those who prefer silence and their own freedom of sensations should think about other types of transport. Or provide yourself with fun reading, movies or music throughout your journey. Otherwise, the traveler runs the risk of ruining the experience of the trip thoroughly.
The advantage of this type of transport for travel on vacation can be unambiguously called reasonable and affordable prices. The affordable cost of such a trip will have a beneficial effect on your entire vacation or weekend budget. However, in an effort to save money, you should still evaluate your physical capabilities and health. In the case of traveling with a company or with a family, it is important to take into account the interests of everyone. Otherwise, no amount of savings will save you from spoiled rest or exacerbated health problems. The choice of transport for travel should be approached responsibly, taking into account every little thing, from your own health to character traits. Then the bus ride will not be a burden and will be enjoyable.
Travel by plane
Today it is the fastest mode of transport. The convenience and comfort of air travel is beyond doubt. The complete absence of traffic jams and parking. Choosing a plane for his trip, a tourist gets:
- Comfort;
- Saving time;
- The opportunity to enjoy breathtaking views from the porthole.
When ordering tickets for air travel, there is a choice of flight class: economy class or business class. A flight in a business class cabin will cost significantly more, but it will add additional options to the service on the way. In addition, it is important to consider that some destinations cannot be reached by anything other than om or by sea transport... The latter, by the way, will cost more.
Air travel to remote corners significantly saves time in comparison with land transport. For example, it will take more than two days to get from Moscow to Novosibirsk by train. And the flight will last about eight hours. In this case, the cost of a train ticket will be 6,200 rubles, and 8,100 rubles for an airplane. It is important to consider the additional costs of travel to the airport. As a rule, air terminals are built at some distance from cities. Accordingly, when planning your voyage, it is worth calculating the time taking into account the trip from the city to the airport. This will also affect the amount travel expenses... Departing from Moscow to Novosibirsk by plane, the traveler will have to pay additional expenses for aeroexpress or taxi to the airport. This can range from 530 to 1,200 rubles.
Travel by plane The disadvantages of this type of transport for travel include high cost, as well as personal intolerance to flying. In addition, when traveling long distances, for example to another continent, you will most likely have to transfer at the airport in another city. It takes some time. And on top of that, on the plane there is practically no way to move around in order to stretch stiff limbs.
It is important to consider age and health conditions before going on an air trip. And people with certain types of medical conditions, such as diabetes or asthma, should make sure they have the necessary medicines on hand.
Given the high cost of air travel, many are wondering if it is possible to save on tickets? This is possible if desired. First of all, you can plan your trips in advance and book tickets well in advance of your flight. This will provide some cost savings. When buying tickets at the last moment, the traveler is likely to pay the highest price, and in addition, during the holiday season, tickets for the desired date may simply not be available. As a rule, the majority go on trips in the summer or on holidays. On such days, tickets are more expensive, and you will not be able to save money. In order not to spend most your budget for flights, do not waste the main finance when traveling, it is important to book your tickets in advance.
Travel by ship
This is perhaps the most expensive type of travel. But at the same time it is the most comfortable one. Cozy private cabins, restaurants and bars, entertainment en route - all this makes a cruise on the ship extremely attractive. At the same time, such a trip will be the longest in time.
Travel by ship In addition to maximum comfort, the undoubted advantages of this type of travel include the opportunity to visit many cities and ports along the way. If the trip by ship will go through foreign ports, you need to take care of the availability of visas. Otherwise, you will have to stay on the ship all the time.
The disadvantages of this type of trip include, undoubtedly, the high cost and duration of the cruise. In other words, this type of travel can be recommended for people with large quantity free time and having enough free finances. When going on such a trip, it is important to make sure that the tourist is not susceptible to seasickness. Otherwise, the traveler runs the risk of completely ruining the experience of the cruise.
Regardless of what type of transport is chosen for travel, it is important to take into account all the details of the trip in advance. Calculate possible costs, take into account all costs in time. A carefully thought-out travel plan and budget will give you the opportunity to enjoy your vacation and trip. Then no unpleasant surprises on the way can spoil the impressions of visiting new interesting places dating people. Such a trip will remain in your memory for a long time and will give you the opportunity to rest and relax. It will be pleasant to remember her, and there will be something to tell your friends for a long time.
