Useful information for tourists about Veracruz in Mexico - geographical position, tourist infrastructure, map, architectural features and attractions.
Veracruz is a large Mexican port city in the state of Veracruz. It is located on the coast Gulf of Mexico... Veracruz is the second most important port in the country after Manzanillo. More than 700 thousand inhabitants live in the city. Veracruz is a city of brave sailors, in the past - a haven of pirates, and today one of the largest agricultural and industrial centers in Mexico.
The history of the city of Veracruz began in 1519, when the village of La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz was founded on Good Friday by the Spanish conquistador Hernan Cortez, which means "Rich Port of the Life-Giving Cross" in Spanish. Subsequently, Veracruz became the main Atlantic trade port New Spain, where the most valuable at that time Filipino silks and spices were delivered, and precious metals and stones mined in Mexico were sent back to Europe.
An actively developing and very wealthy port, Veracruz has been repeatedly subjected to pirate raids. To prevent such attacks, the city was fortified by the powerful fortress of San Juan de Ulua and impregnable bastions, but even they did not save the city from being captured and plundered by the pirates of Laurence de Graf in 1683.
In the XVII-XIX Art. the city was actively developing - a municipal palace, monastery buildings and a city hospital were built. Veracruz is called "the city of four heroes" in honor of the battles that took place at its walls. So in 1815 it successfully defended itself from the Spanish colonial troops, in 1838 - from an attack by the French fleet, in 1847 from American troops during the Mexican-American War, and 1914 - was occupied by American troops for seven months.
In 1872, a railway was laid to Veracruz, connecting it with the capital of Mexico City. In the twentieth century. this city became the largest Atlantic port in the country.
The port of Veracruz, with its attractive climate, cuisine and archaeological sites, is popular resort from Mexicans and foreigners.
Veracruz is very beautiful and interesting city... The romance of distant wanderings and adventures hovers here. For many years, the main point for excursions has been the ruins of the once powerful fortress of San Juan de Ulua on the coast Caribbean... The impregnable fortress has been repeatedly destroyed and rebuilt during its 200-year history.
Walking along the local streets, it is worth visiting the central city square of Sakala, where the town hall, the Plaza de Armas, the Municipal Palace and the Plaza Lerdo are located. In addition, the most luxurious nightclubs and restaurants are located on the square, and it is this square that is considered the starting point for all sightseeing tours of the city.
The recently erected Aquario de Veracruz aquarium, which contains a variety of Marine life that inhabit the coastal waters of the country, and rare fish species. The aquarium is surrounded by a park with water bodies, tropical vegetation inhabited by many species of animals and birds.
Among the cultural attractions of the city, it is worth visiting the outstanding Museum of the History of the Fleet, located in the center of Veracruz, and the City Museum of Veracruz, which tells its visitors the whole history of the city.
Description
Veracruz(Spanish. Veracruz, full name Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave). Officially - Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llavé (Estado Libre y Soberano de Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave) is one of the 31 states of Mexico. The territory of the state of Veracruz is 72,815 km². The administrative center is the city of Xalapa Henriques.
origin of name
In April 22.1519 the Spaniards under the leadership of E. Cortez founded a city that was named Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz, which means "The rich village of the True Cross" in Spanish. The villa was like a Spanish villa, rich in Indian gold, the True Cross - from the fact that the Spaniards landed on Friday in the Catholic calendar - the day of the True Cross. According to the constitution of 1824, official name Free and sovereign state of Veracruz. In July 10, 1863, in honor of the General and Governor Ignacio de la Llave, the full name of the state became the Free and Sovereign State of Veracruz de Ignacio de la Llave.
Geography
Veracruz is a long area stretching from north to south for almost 650 km between the Sierra Madre East and the Gulf of Mexico. The width of the state ranges from 212 to 36 km, with an average width of 100 km. The height of the Veracruz territory varies from sea level to the highest point of the country - the peak of Orizaba (5610 m). The Gulf Coast is a narrow sandy plain with erratic dunes and many lagoons. There are a number of islands along the coast. The mountains of the state are represented by ridges: Sierra de Topila, Sierra de Otontepec, Sierra de Huayacocotla, Sierra de Catchiui, Sierra de Ciconquaco, Sierra de Halakingo, Sierra de Ashokapan, Sierra de -Huatusco, Sierra de Songolica and Sierra de los Tustla. Major valleys include: Aculzingo, Cardova, Maltrata, Orizaba and San Andres.
Lake Katemako coast
All rivers in the state begin at the Sierra Madre East or Central Plateau, flow eastward and into the Gulf of Mexico. The largest of them are: Aktopan, Acatempan, Rio Blanco, Casones, Coatzacoalcos, Rio de la Antigua, Hueyapan, Hamapa, Nautla, Panuco, Papaloapan, Tecolutla, Tonala. Also, Lake Katemako is located on the territory of the state.
Veracruz's climate is highly dependent on altitude, ranging from a warm, humid tropical climate on the coast to a cold mountainous climate in the west of the state. The vegetation is dominated by evergreen tropical rainforests.
History
Pre-Columbian period
The history of the indigenous peoples of Veracruz is complex. In the pre-Columbian period, the territory of the present state of Veracruz was inhabited mainly by representatives of four indigenous cultures. Huastecos and Otomis occupied the north, while Totonacos lived in the north of the center. Olmecs, one of the oldest cultures in America, became dominant in southern Veracruz. Remains of these ancient civilizations can be found in archaeological sites such as Pánuco, Castillo de Teayo, El Zapotal, Las Higueras, Quiahuiztlán, El Tahin (El Tajín), Cempoala, Tres Zapotes and San Lorenzo Tenochtitlán.
The first major civilization on the territory of present-day Veracruz is the Olmec civilization, the origin of which is unknown. Theories vary, and even include the Negroid origin of the Olmec ancestors who arrived in Campeche and then north to Veracruz over 3,500 years ago. The Olmecs settled in the Coatzacoalcos River region, which became the center of their culture. The main ceremonial center here was San Lorenzo Tenochtitlan. Other major centers in Veracruz included Tres Zapotes in the city of Veracruz and La Venta in Tabasco. The culture reached its peak about 2,600 years ago, and its most famous artistic features are the colossal stone heads with Negroid features. In 300 BC, this culture was eclipsed by other developing civilizations in Central America.
Another important group is the Totonaki, which have survived to this day. Their region, called Totonacapan, is centered between the Cazones and Papaloapan rivers in the north of the state. Pre-Columbian Totonacs lived by fishing, hunting, and agriculture based on the cultivation of corn, beans, chili and pumpkin. The main cultural site is El Tahin, located next to Papantla, but the culture reached its climax in Cempoala (about 8 km) inland from the modern port of Veracruz) when it was conquered by the Aztecs. When the Spaniards arrived in 1519, the territory had a population of about 250,000, living in fifty settlements and spoke the four dialects of the Totonac language.
The Huastecs are located far north of Veracruz and live in parts of the states of Tamaulipas, Hidalgo, San Luis Potosi, Queretaro and Puebla. The language and agricultural technique of these people and the Maya are similar, however, only a few buildings and pottery remain from the beginning of the culture. This culture also peaked between 1200 and 1519 when it was conquered by the Spanish.
In the 15th and early 16th centuries, the Aztecs began to dominate most of the state, dividing this territory into vassal provinces - Tochtepec, Cuetlaxtlan, Cempoallan, Quauhtochco, Jalapa, Misantla and Tlatlauhquitepec. The Aztecs were interested in growing crops like cedar, fruit, cotton, cocoa, corn, beans and vanilla here. However, the Totonacs resented the Aztec rule, especially the reign of rulers from Axayacatl to Moctezuma II, who sent soldiers to quell the rebellion. The Huastecs were conquered more successfully by the Aztecs and driven back to the provinces of Atlan and Tochpan.
Colonial period
Veracruz is considered the place where mestization began, that is, the mixing of indigenous peoples with the Spaniards. During the colonial era of Mexico, Veracruz was one of the main ports of entry for African slaves to replace indigenous slaves. One of the reasons for replacing the native Mexicans was that millions of Indians were dying from the smallpox introduced by the Spanish. The Spaniards imported between 500,000 and 1 million West African slaves to Mexico between 1535 and 1767 (mixed marriages between indigenous and Africans began almost immediately) into New Spain. There were no laws prohibiting interracial marriage, therefore, it is correct to use the term Afro-mestizo, which includes all 3 races: indigenous population, Africans and Spaniards.
The Totonacs were the first natives with whom the Spaniards contacted on the American mainland. The very first contact with Captain Juan de Grijalva took place on the coast north of modern city Veracruz. Enduring oppression from the Aztecs, the Totonac ruler Tlacochcalcatl welcomed Hernán Cortés and promised to give 50,000 warriors to help defeat Tenochtitlan. The Spaniards helped the Totonacs drive out the Aztec tribute collectors and capture some of the Aztec outposts.
The Spanish founded the port city of Veracruz on the coast, as the first municipality under the direct control of the King of Spain. Cortez began his campaign in the interior of Tenochtitlan. During the conquest, the rest of the Totonac peoples united with the Spaniards, but the Huastecs, despite the fact that they were also under Aztec rule, fought against them. After the fall of Tenochtitlan, Cortez sent a regiment to subdue the Huastecs.
Most of the Totonac and Huastec cultures survived the colonial period and have survived to the present day. One of the reasons for this was that the land north of Veracruz was densely vegetated and had the comparatively few resources that the Spaniards were looking for.
Much of the state's history is tied to the port city that Cortez founded in 1519. Veracruz became the principal and often the only port for the movement of goods between the colony of New Spain and Spain itself. This port had a monopoly on trade over almost the entire coast of New Spain. Gold, silver, chocolate, vanilla, chili peppers and more were exported, while European goods such as sheep, cows, wheat and more were imported. Slaves, pineapples and sugarcane were imported from the Caribbean. This made the port a desirable target for pirates during the colonial period. This led to the creation of a fortress in San Juan de Ulúa and the strengthening of the city as a whole.
Hard work and European disease wiped out the indigenous population of the province of Veracruz, prompting the authorities to import African slaves from the 16th century onwards. However, these slaves became a big headache as they often ran away from plantations and formed groups that attacked the travelers. Efforts against these groups began in the late 16th century, but a major uprising broke out in 1606 in the areas of Villa Rica, Nueva Veracruz, Antón Lizardo and the Rio Blanco ). However, the most serious of these occurred in the Orizaba area, where there were about 500 fugitive slaves. In 1609, their leader, Gaspar Yanga, led an uprising against the Spaniards, but was defeated in battle. Guerrilla attacks continued, eventually prompting the government to sign an amnesty and grant Africans the right to create their own communities. This was the first time that slavery was abolished in America.
Yangi Rebellion Leader Statue
In the first half of the 17th century, cities such as Córdoba, Orisaba and Xalapa were founded or expanded to protect trade routes between Mexico City and the port of Veracruz. During this time, the Spanish and mixed population increased, while the indigenous population continued to decline. Almost all of New Spain's trade was to be with Spain alone, with the exception of some limited trade commissioners from England and other Spanish colonies. This remained in effect until 1778, when the Decreto de Libre Comerico lifted many of these restrictions on trade with Europe. This made the port more important than it was. Outside the port, and in other areas of the province, the economy was based on agriculture, livestock and trade. In 1720, the first fair was opened in Xalap, making it the center of trade. This led to it becoming the main city of the province of Veracruz.
Independence period
During the Mexican War of Independence, the population of the province did not support the rebels, although some clashes took place in various areas in early 1811. The main conspiracy against the colonial authorities was uncovered at the port in 1812. Then the rebels took Ayahualulco and Ixhuacán. This forced the Royalist troops to withdraw to Halapa. In the end, this city, along with the port, was cut off from Mexico City. Much of the province remained in rebel hands for the rest of the war, although the port's merchant class did not support these efforts. In 1821, Juan de O'Donojú, the last Viceroy of New Spain, arrived at the port to leave for Spain. However, until 1823, Spanish troops continued to occupy the fort of San Juan de Ulua.
While the Spanish still held San Juan de Ulua, Agustín de Iturbide was declared emperor of Mexico in 1822. However, his reign quickly faced resistance from those who favored a republican form of government, including Antonio López de Santa Anna, whose stronghold was Veracruz. Several months later, Iturbide was forced into exile and Santa Anna ended up serving nine terms as president.
In 1824, a new constitution was adopted in the country, which proclaimed Mexico a federation, consisting of autonomous states with very broad powers. On January 31, 1824, Veracruz was declared a state. The first governor of the state was the future president G. Victoria (Guadalupe Victoria). During these years, clashes took place in the country, and often armed between conservatives - supporters of a centralized state with a strong presidential power and liberals - supporters of the federal structure of the country. In the wake of these events, which most often took the form of a civil war, events took place in Veracruz.
The French invaded Mexico through Veracruz for the first time in 1838, during the so-called Cake War. The port has been blocked. Attempts to defend the country were coordinated from Halapa. The port was bombed, but in the end an agreement was reached.
During the Mexican-American War, the port was blocked, this time by the Americans. Initial attempts by the Americans to land in 1847 at Alvarado were repulsed, but in the end the Americans managed to land a few kilometers south of Veracruz, which surrendered after a 20-day siege.General Santa Anna's troops were defeated at the Battle of Cerro Gordo), and the Americans, led by General W. Scott (Winfield Scott), passed through Xalapa to Mexico City.
The municipalities of Tuspan and Chicontepec belonged to Puebla until 1853, when they were transferred to Veracruz. In 1855, the state government palace was built. During the War of Reform, the main character was Ignacio de la Llave, after whom the second part of the state's name is given. In 1858, the port became the seat of a liberal government led by Benito Juárez after he was forced to withdraw from Mexico City during the War of Reform. Their control over the port and customs duties allowed liberal forces to gather resources. Conservative forces attacked the state but were driven back from the port and Halapa.
Benito Juarez
This war destroyed the economy of Mexico, and it was unable to pay its external debt to the European powers. As a result, the government of B. Juarez announced a default, that is, the impossibility of paying off the debt. Spain, England and France were outraged by this act, and decided in October 1861 to force the loans to be paid to occupy the Mexican Gulf Coast. In December, Spanish troops under the command of General M. Gasset (Manuel Gasset) occupied the port of Veracruz, without much resistance, and then, a month later, French and British troops also entered Mexico. The Spaniards and British left after making deals with Juarez, and the French moved towards the accession of Emperor Maximilian I in Mexico. However, this was short-lived and the French were driven out through Veracruz in 1866/67. In 1863, the state was officially named Veracruz Llave. After the French were expelled, the state government was in the port of Veracruz. In 1878 the capital was moved to Orizaba and later moved to Xalapa in 1885.
During the presidency of P. Díaz (Porfirio Díaz), in the so-called period of porphyriata, by the end of the 19th century. in the state there were measures to modernize the economy. Auto and railways, telegraph and telephone lines were laid, cities were improved with electric lighting, water supply, sidewalks, etc. The discovery of oil in the northern part of the state attracted foreign firms, which brought innovations in the technique and technology necessary for its extraction. However, most of all this modernization brought wealth to multinational companies and local wealthy families. The workers and peasants learned almost nothing from this, and continued to live in the most difficult conditions. During the same time period, uprisings against the Diaz government in the agricultural south of the state were brutally suppressed.
Riots against the Diaz regime continued until the start of the Mexican Revolution, which overthrew his rule. The main event leading to the war in Veracruz was the cigar workers' strike in 1905, when more than 5,000 workers at El Valle Nacional did not show up for work. Governor Teodoro A. Dehesa tried unsuccessfully to negotiate a settlement. The strike continued for a month, until the strikers won. This victory called others to action, including strikes in factories in Rio Blanco, Nogales, Santa Rosa and Conton de Orizaba, which led to violence in 1907. There were no major battles in the Mexican Revolution of 1910-17 in the state, although there were skirmishes and attacks on the port. In 1914, the rebel forces of Cándido Agular occupied a number of municipalities in the state, and in 1917 V. Carranza moved the federal government there temporarily.
On April 21, 1914, an incident with American sailors in Tampico led US President Woodrow Wilson to order soldiers to land Veracruz and hold it for six months. Mexico later responded by severing diplomatic relations.
After the revolution, an agrarian reform took place here, including the redistribution of land and the creation of peasant communities. In 1928, the right-wing socialist Institutional Revolutionary Party (PRI) came to power in the state, and A. Tejeda (Adalberto Tejeda Olivares) became its governor. This party did not subsequently lose its powers of power, always winning elections. Oil companies in the north of the state in the 1930s, during the presidency of Lázaro Cárdenas, were nationalized and merged into the state corporation PEMEX. Many roads were built in 1950. The University of Veracruzana (Universidad Veracruzana) has also been expanded. In 1960, the Museum of Anthropology was opened in Xalapa. In the 1970s, an international airport was opened in the city of Veracruz. Today the state of Veracruz, rich in Natural resources, is an important component of the Mexican economy. Veracruz provides about 35% of Mexico's water supply. In addition, the state has four ports for ocean-going ships and two international airports... Veracruz is an important supplier of iron and copper, while mining a large number of non-metallic ores - sulfur, quartz, feldspar, calcium, kaolin and marble. The main territory where oil is produced is Northern part state of Veracruz. The port of Veracruz, with its attractive climate, cuisine and archaeological sites, is a popular resort for Mexicans and foreigners. Veracruz has a very advantageous location on the Gulf Coast. It is one of the main ports for export goods to the USA, Latin America and Europe. Veracruz accounts for 75% of all port activities in Mexico. The state's top exports are coffee, fresh fruit, fertilizers, sugar, fish and crustaceans.
Before the colonization of Mexico, representatives of four tribes lived in the state of Veracruz: Huastecs, Otomi, Totonacs and Olmecs, as evidenced by numerous monuments in the state. Veracruz became the first Spanish city founded by Cortes - La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz - which meant the Rich City of the True Cross. This name was formed thanks to the golden wealth of the Totonac settlements and the holiday of the True Cross, on the day of which Cortez landed on the coast of Mexico.
The main attraction of the city for many years has been the fortress of San Juan de Ulua, the most impregnable fortress on the coast of the Caribbean Sea and all of Mexico a hundred years ago. The current look was not hers original appearance, for 200 years, the fortress was partially destroyed in combat battles and was restored, going through another reconstruction. You feel all the power and inaccessibility of the fortress when you approach the port from the side of the sea. For tourists, Fort San Juan de Ulua is open every day, buying a ticket, you can join a group, or you can conduct your own exploration of the fort.
The central square of the city of Sakala is interesting, where city hall, The Municipal Palace, the Plaza de Armas and the Plaza Lerdo Palace. The square is crowded at any time of the day, the most expensive hotels in Veracruz come here, the most luxurious restaurants and nightclubs are located here, everything starts from here. sightseeing tours in the city.
Attracts the attention of tourists Municipal Palace, overlooking the openwork arches on central square cities. A magnificent sight is the palace with illumination in the evening and at night.
The most popular a tourist route Throughout the city, not only during the day, but also at night - a recently completed embankment, several kilometers long, where along the way a whole line of street vendors offer various souvenirs, silver jewelry and handicrafts.
A unique attraction of Veracruz is the recently built aquarium "Aquario de Veracruz" outside the city, where not only marine inhabitants inhabiting the coastal waters of Mexico are collected, but also rare species of fish that can disappear from the face of the earth due to the unfavorable ecological state water resources Earth. The territory adjacent to the aquarium is a park with tropical vegetation, inhabited by birds and animals, and with reservoirs in which schools of exotic fish live.
Excursions from Veracruz
On the territory of the city itself, there are practically no traces of ancient Indian settlements, but not far from Veracruz is the ancient city of El Tajin, which means "City of Thunder", which every tourist who comes to rest on the coast of the Gulf of Mexico seeks to visit. In 1992, the city was included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites, which is threatened with destruction and disappearance. In the center of the ancient city there is a palace and temple complex, among the buildings of which the Nish pyramid stands out, representing a seven-tiered structure 25 m high, decorated with 364 niches carved in solid stone and painted red with relief images of snakes. On the territory of the city, archaeologists have found 18 playgrounds for sports ball games with bas-reliefs depicting fragments of the game, household items, sculptures.
It is worth visiting the La Venta Museum-Reserve, where the Olmec stone heads are displayed, which speaks a lot about the origin of the indigenous population and provides a basis for research by anthropologists.
A separate trip is offered for an excursion to the island of Sakrifisios, located in the Gulf of Mexico opposite Veracruz. Isla Sacrificios - The Island of Sacrifices - the name has been preserved since pre-colonial times, here the Totonaks brought their sacrifices to the gods, as evidenced by the preserved ancient sacrificial altar. During the Spanish colonization, the island was a repair base for ships. A lighthouse is installed on the island, which is an architectural landmark, and today warns sailors at night about the proximity of the coast. On the island, sharks are kept in a free lagoon, which are acclimatized before being delivered to the aquarium. Many tourists are attracted to the island by the exciting spectacle of shark "games".
On the beach "Plaza Akurio" you can buy a place in the chalanda with a canopy, which offer sightseeing excursions in the bay of Veracruz with a visit to the "Kaekushito" shallow with crystal-clear water and the island of victims.
El Tahin is one of the oldest archaeological sites on our planet. Some sources date the creation of El-Tahin to the first century AD. Ancient city lost in the jungle is a true masterpiece of Mexican and American architecture.
The city was built by Totonaki - an ancient Indian people in Mexico. El-Tahin was an administrative and ceremonial center for them. V better times up to 50,000 people lived in the city. El-Tahin was often attacked by hostile tribes, but successfully repelled attacks for six centuries. The city gave up around the beginning of the 13th century - another attack led to a massive fire and the inhabitants of El Tahin were forced to leave their homes. Since then, El-Tahin has gone into oblivion for several centuries.
The village of Katemako
Katemako is a picturesque corner of Mexico, located on the shore of a lake, surrounded by pyramid-like hills.
One of the main events of the village is the annual gathering of shamans and healers, which takes place on the first Friday of March. According to local beliefs, at this time, the magician's power is unlimited. Perhaps that is why on this day sorcerers are happy to show their skills to the public: they induce damage, remove curses, predict fate ... Every year, by the way, this event becomes more and more popular with tourists.
There you can also get acquainted with the work of local bands, which will tell the history of their people to the sounds of the instruments of their ancestors.
And if you are tired of noise and mysticism, then you can have a wonderful rest from the whole world in a local park.
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Nansiyaga Park
Nansiyaga - large national park, stretching along the Gulf of Mexico.
The territory of this park is unique due not only to the landscape, which is formed by pyramid-shaped hills, but also to the shamanic village of Katemako. On the territory of this village, a gathering of shamans is held annually, at which, for a reasonable fee, anyone can improve their health or even damage the enemy.
The unique landscape of this area is due to the strong volcanic activity in past. And now the landscape attracts not only crowds of tourists, but also eminent directors. Many famous Hollywood films (for example, "Apocalypto", "The Healer") were filmed on the territory of this reserve. A kind of museum was made from part of the scenery that remained after the filming.
Veracruz Aquarium is considered one of the best aquariums in the whole Latin America- this has been achieved thanks to modern technologies and unique entertainment program... This is very popular place in the region, contributing to the expansion of knowledge about marine life, in particular about the inhabitants of the Gulf of Mexico.
The aquarium has an aquarium with 200 aquatic organisms, an aquarium with sharks, manatees and a pool with pet animals. The cave-like gallery is home to turtles, boas, crocodiles, toucans and other Mexican, African, Asian and South American animals. The salt water tank is home to more than 90 species of fish, including octopuses, crabs, squids, shrimps, seahorses from the Gulf of Mexico, Indian and Pacific oceans, Red Sea.
The huge aquarium with a capacity of 1,250,000 liters with a 22 cm tunnel contains the entire marine ecosystem. Here you can admire stingrays, turtles and barracudas.
Olmec Archeology Museum
The Olmec Archeology Museum presents its visitors with the opportunity to get acquainted with the splendor of the civilization of the Olmec people.
The pyramid-shaped museum measuring 50 by 28 meters is located on a busy street of the city and consists of three levels. The structure includes a seven-meter-high gazebo and a sculpture by Quetzalcoatl. The museum, located inside the pyramid, is equipped with a modern audiovisual system and air conditioning.
The total exhibition area is 180 square meters, which houses more than 900 unique works of the Olmec culture - here you can see sculptures of deities, animals, human heads carved from stone. The artifacts are made of clay, granite and jade.
City Hall of Cordoba
The City Hall of Cordoba is adjacent to central park and is its architectural decoration. The building houses a number of government agencies and organizations.
Built in 1905 in a neoclassical style, the building symbolizes the battle of May 21, 1821, which earned the city the title of hero. The two-story palace, made in laconic green and pink colors, includes 21 arches, a central entrance with a staircase and a balcony.
The interior of the municipality is decorated with a fresco, in which it is easy to recognize the important figures of the city of Cordoba. Figures of animals are found on the walls and edges of the windows.
Theodore Cano Garcia Museum
The Theodore Cano Garcia Museum in Papantla de Olarta tells about the life and work of the outstanding Mexican artist, the creator of his own school of fresco art and the popularizer of Indian traditions.
A small museum is located in hometown Theodora Cano in the state of Veracruz. Here you can see a selection of works that vividly illustrate the main trends characteristic of Mexican art in the second half of the 20th century. Cano Garcia, a student of the legendary Diego Rivera, continued the work of the teacher and created his own school of fresco painting, dating back to the cultural traditions of pre-Columbian America. The artist's museum houses a collection of paintings and sculptures by Theodore Cano and artists from his circle.
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Monument Voladores of Papantla
The Voladores of Papantla Monument is an architectural and historical monument that symbolizes the Flying Dance ritual. This ritual was associated with fertility and wealth. The Flying Dance rite is a religious manifestation of Mesoamerica.
The height of the monument is 20 meters. The celebration of dance and music was accompanied by the use of the "Flying Pole" trunk, where several ropes could be tied to a small wooden base.
Flying dancers symbolize the cardinal points and cling to a cross placed at the end of each rope. At the top of the "Flying Pole" lies the master who represents the center of the monument. He plays the drum to coordinate the ritual. In 2009, the ritual was declared a cultural intangible heritage by UNESCO.
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