Il 62 to collect the model from the star. About the weaknesses of the aircraft

- your guide to the world of scaled modeling!

Today, before going to bed, I looked at the website of the online store plasticmodel.ru just for the sake of curiosity. I would like to keep abreast of the latest news from the world of large-scale modeling. Although, of course, it is impossible to be aware of everything, everything, but the main thing is definitely worth seeing.

In the new items section, I was struck by the model IL-62M from Zvezda in 1/144 scale. And although I am not a fan of collecting models civil aviation- nevertheless, I hastened to open the product card of this model. The main thing that I wanted to see was the parameters of the released model.

The fact is that at the beginning of this year, the company announced the start of production of civil aviation models under the Ultimate kit label. In a press release, printed in the Zvezda 2014 catalog, it was said that these will be models with an unprecedented quality of elaboration. The highest level of copying. And high variability of model assembly.

In general, aerobatics in the production of civil aviation models. A new stage of development.

But assurances are assurances, and practice reveals all the secrets and secrets, making it pointless to lie about the future product. Therefore, it only remained to wait. But the first model AIRBUS A-320 released under this label confirmed the best wishes.

I myself did not hold it in my hands, I just read a review article in the magazine M-Hobby 8 / 2o14 (for the month of August). The magazine is very authoritative, and I trust his opinion.

The Airbus model turned out to be of high quality, good. Maybe not super-fancy, but much better than Revell, for example.

Therefore, there is every reason to expect that, or even better, result from the novelty of Zvezda, the IL-62M.

The fact is that now is the time for Zvezda to start bringing its products to a qualitatively new level. After the departure of Konstantin Krivenko, its founder and permanent leader, I thought that hard times would come for the Star.

The new management of the company should be much more active than the previous one. After all, if nothing is done, then the products of the Star will remain mediocre. And such masterpieces as the Su-27SM will turn out to be the exceptions that prove the rule. And oh, how I would not like it.

But the Star is struggling. Works. And pleases us, though not frequent, but new.

And now, dear colleagues, we will proceed to a short inspection of the new model. Short - because I still do not have the opportunity to personally hold it in my hands. That is to say, turn it around - smell it. On the Internet, I also did not find a decent review of this model.

So on this moment I will provide you with 3D pictures of modeling, as well as characteristics taken by me from the site of the store plasticmodel.ru.

But first of all, I will provide you with a small historical background on IL-62M.

IL-62(according to NATO codification: Classic - "classic") - the first Soviet jet intercontinental passenger aircraft, developed at the OKB im. Ilyushin in 1960, taking into account the world requirements for aircraft of this class to replace Tu-114 aircraft. Belongs to the category of "second generation" jet passenger aircraft. It made its first flight in 1963. In operation since 1967. Serially produced in 1966-1995. A total of 289 aircraft (with prototypes) were produced. A third of all produced cars were exported to socialist countries, primarily to Cuba.

The Il-62 aircraft set several world records for speed and range. For several decades, the Il-62 served and serves as a government ("board number 1") - in the USSR, Russian Federation, North Korea and in Ukraine.

To date, there are no aircraft of this type left in commercial operation in Russia; they fly only in the Air Force, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and the special flight unit "Russia".

History of creation
The development of the Il-62 began in the early 1960s, when Aeroflot developed requirements for a long-haul aircraft capable of performing non-stop flight from Moscow to Khabarovsk and Havana.

The prototype IL-62 USSR-06156 with AL-7 engines with a thrust of 7500 kgf first took to the skies on January 2, 1963 under the command of V.K.Kokkinaki. The AL-7 engines, already on the second prototype of the USSR-06153, were replaced in 1964 with the new NK-8 (9500 kgf), and later with the modified NK-8-4. The tests lasted 4 years, and in the middle of 1967 the aircraft entered service.

Since 1969 in the OKB im. Ilyushin began to develop a modified version of the Il-62M. New variant under the designation IL-62M-200 differs (from the original IL-62) in a reinforced airframe design, double-slotted flaps (instead of single-slotted ones), an increased range of stabilizer adjustment angles and automation of its control, an improved configuration of the elevator toes, the inclusion of spoilers in the roll control wiring, new central steering knots, an improved control system, more powerful and economical turbofan engines D-30KU, improved aerodynamics of engine nacelles, an additional fuel tank with a capacity of 5000 liters in the keel, a new TA-6A turbine unit, and significantly improved navigation equipment. As a result, the takeoff weight of the Il-62M-200 aircraft increased from 160.5 tons for the Il-62 to 164.7 tons, by 4000 kg.

Flight tests of the Il-62M aircraft were carried out in 1970-1972. In January 1973, he entered service. IL-62M aircraft are used on the longest routes. In 1975, it flew from Moscow to Seattle (USA) via the North Pole.

In 1978, a variant of the Il-62MK appeared, featuring a reinforced wing structure and a new layout of the passenger cabin, designed to carry up to 186 passengers. The maximum take-off weight was increased to 167 tons, and the payload to almost 23 tons.

IL-62 features
A design feature of the aircraft is a small fourth two-wheeled rear landing gear, which is used to prevent overturning of an empty aircraft during parking and taxiing. The layout of the aircraft is such that the center of gravity of the empty aircraft is behind the main landing gear.
Despite its considerable size and large take-off weight, the Il-62 does not have a booster system. The rudders and ailerons are controlled only by the muscular strength of the pilots or the electric steering gears of the autopilot. This solution became possible due to the above-mentioned features of the aircraft weight distribution, in which a large area of ​​rudders is not required for takeoff and leveling.
The Il-62 became the first Soviet jet aircraft to use reverse engine thrust.

Exploitation

Aircraft of the Il-62 family were serially produced in 1969-2004 at an aircraft plant in Kazan. A total of 289 aircraft were built: 5 prototypes (built in Moscow), 94 Il-62 and 190 Il-62M and Il-62MK. 5 Il-62M laid down, but not completed. Of this number, 81 aircraft were manufactured for export to the countries of the socialist camp: Angola, Hungary, East Germany, North Korea, China, Cuba, Mozambique, Poland, Czechoslovakia.

For several decades, the Il-62 served as “plane number 1”, transporting top officials of the state: from Brezhnev to Yeltsin. It ceased to be the "President's plane" only in 1995, when the Il-96 came to replace it.

By the early 1990s, the four-engine narrow-body long-haul liner became obsolete, the kerosene consumption for the carriage of one passenger turned out to be too high, and the operation of the Il-62 became unprofitable. The massive write-off and decommissioning of the Il-62 began in the second half of the 1990s; in 2005, the Il-62 was abandoned by Aeroflot, once its largest operator. At the end of 2008, due to the crisis state of a number of airlines, the use of aircraft of this type for regular passenger air transportation in Russia ceased. The last commercial operator of the IL-62 in Russia was Interavia, which ceased flights in early 2009. On May 2, 2014, there are 2 Il-62M aircraft at KAPO (Kazan): one from the special flight unit Russia, the other unfinished. Both are on the airfield.

As of the beginning of 2014, 17 Il-62s remain in service: 8 in Russia, 4 in North Korea, 2 in Ukraine and one each in Sudan, Gambia and Libya. Almost all aircraft are used for government, cargo and charter flights. The rest of the Il-62, according to the same source, is distributed as follows:

crashed - 18 (total accidents that resulted in write-off - 23, see below),
cut into scrap metal - 183,
in storage - 69, including 13 cars as museum exhibits, cafes, restaurants, monuments.

In July 1983, after almost 15 years of operation, the IL-62 passenger airliner arrived at the Central Air Force Museum in Monino on its own to the eternal parking lot. tail number USSR-86670. The uniqueness of the case lies in the fact that the aircraft, designed for takeoff and landing from a capital concrete runway, was successfully landed by the crew under the guidance of Stanislav Bliznyuk, test pilot of the Ilyushin Design Bureau, on unprepared swampy ground.

I would like to add a little from myself. I am familiar with this machine firsthand. Once upon a time, back in childhood under the USSR, my parents and I flew on vacation from Northern Sakhalin to Moscow. Our journey from Khabarovsk to Moscow took place on board this, perhaps the most beautiful, graceful airliner of the Soviet Aeroflot. All planes are beautiful, but the 62nd has always fascinated me with something.

A huge beautiful bird, under the measured hum of turbines, carried us with Of the Far East in the heart of my homeland.

IL-62M 1/144 from Zvezda: 3D renders of the new model

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE NEW MODEL

A set of plastic parts for assembling 1 model.
Length 36.9 cm.
Detailed surfaces with structural details, internal joining.
Assembly option with the chassis retracted on a stand, with the chassis extended without a stand, with the chassis extended on a stand, a stand included.
Detailed cockpit with a dashboard, steering wheels, seats, the floor of the cockpit is made as a separate part, the door of the cockpit is made as a separate part.
Detailed prefabricated engines, refined turbine blades, exhaust nozzles.
Detailed chassis, well-designed chassis niches.
Details from transparent plastic for cockpit glazing, portholes, landing gear headlights.
Flaps, ailerons and rudder are made in separate parts.
Decal with elaborated technical specifications for 3 variants of Aeroflot of the USSR, RA-86483 of Aeroflot of Russia and RA-86570 of the Russian Emergencies Ministry.
139 parts.

At the moment, Zvezda's casting quality is very high. Especially after the launch of a new workshop. So the model should be great. Pleases a large number of assembly options. And now it's not just open or retracted chassis. The ailerons and flaps add an additional highlight. The development of the chassis niches is encouraging. For such a small scale, this is a very significant addition.

The Il-62M aircraft model has recently appeared in the Zvezda product list. As far as I know, the path of its creation was long and thorny. But finally, a new product was released. It arrived at retail quickly enough, and at a very reasonable price. Model number 7013.

I bought this model for 960 rubles - quite inexpensive. The manufacturer immediately promised that the model is unique, that it can be assembled in several versions, that a more exact copy has not yet been produced, what, what, what ... And now it's time for me to find out if this is really so. Yes, according to the photos on the box, the model can be made in 3 versions - takeoff - landing, parking with an open door and in the form of taxiing. Already from myself I will add, the 4th option is also possible - flight. How is this achieved? The model has various options for wing mechanization, a movable tail unit (who does not know, the Il-62 and Il-76 have a movable tail unit, together with a fairing, swinging on the keel, and, for example, on the Tu-154, only the wings themselves are slightly movable tail, and the fairing is stationary), various options for the landing gear, well, and the door itself - it can be opened or closed. I would like to draw your attention to the tail parking support - it was released downward from an empty aircraft and at the moment the cargo was taken on board - the center of the IL-62 was shifted to the tail. When fully loaded and when taxiing, the tail support is raised and into the flight position. In principle, you can collect many options, it all depends on your imagination and knowledge. I advise you to study the photo of a real aircraft in order to know how to install wing mechanics, and more.

Casting quality

The coincidence of the halves is complete, there is no deviation from straightness, the dimensional accuracy is exceptional, I did not encounter casting defects, although some modelers indicated the presence of shrinkage defects in the castings. I don’t know, I didn’t notice. I did not count the number of holes in the wheel covers, although there are also such amateurs. But, as far as the reviews convince us, everything there corresponds. Decals also allow you to recreate many images - the era of the USSR, civil Russia, including the Olympics-80, Russia M CH S - choose your taste.

An interesting feature - detailing of the cockpit and auxiliary rooms is provided. Why - I do not understand, they are not visible. But on the other hand, it is interesting and informative. Even the fact that the first pilot has a larger control wheel is taken into account. Aerobatics, or, as the Japanese say, excessive processing. By the way, the interior of the cabin is not visible either, although the glazing is of very high quality, but still, of course, the details are not visible.

To prevent the model from "lifting" its nose while standing without a stand (and the standard stand from Zvezda is also included), I recommend loading the nose. The weight of the load is selected empirically, fishing sinkers are convenient.

Paint and glue are not included in the kit, they are purchased separately, ordinary paint from Zvezda adheres to the model very well, even without a primer. By the way, do not forget to degrease the model with dishwasher.

A standard drawback is a weak nose landing gear, I reinforced it with a paper clip on high-strength glue, as on other models, as indicated in my reviews about the An-24 and Tu-134 models.

If you need a version of the model in flight - we do not glue the landing gear, wing mechanization, we put the tail unit exactly (it is movable, I remind you), we close the wells for the landing gear with flaps, we put the model on a stand - and that's it, height 11 thousand, below Podkamennaya Tunguska, flight Tokyo-Moscow.

Little nasty surprise

When I bought the kit for the first time and opened the houses, I found that the wing was in a set of 2 lower halves. I had to go, show the defect, they exchanged the goods for me. Better look at the store right away. You can safely open the box - the parts are packed in transparent film , the packaging will not be broken.

Throughout the glorious history of Aeroflot, the fleet of its cars included a variety of aircraft... If we talk about domestic passenger aircraft, the most long-lived is the Il-62m, which was put into operation back in 1974.

Moreover, some government services use this machine to this day. What is the history of this vessel and what are its advantages that allowed it to outlive its own, even Western, competitors for a long time in this article.

History of creation

The previous model of the aircraft, created in 1963 and having the Il-62 index, by the beginning of the 70s was not able to fully meet all the needs of civil aviation on transcontinental routes and domestic long-range flights. In this regard, it was decided to modernize this machine.

Initially, the plans concerned the placement of additional fuel tanks in the aft part of the passenger compartment, which would solve the problem with the flight range. However, despite the provision of increased fire safety, the chief designer S.V. Ilyushin rejected the decision of the designers. This is how the history of the IL-62D model ended, not yet begun.

On the advice of Ilyushin, the direction of the designers was changed towards replacing the power plant.

And that was the right decision. The developers settled on the D-30KU engines, created by a team of engineers, designer Solovyov. To install them, it was necessary to change the shape of the nacelles, as a result of which they became more aerodynamically perfect.

The rest of the improvements, coupled with the increased power of the engines, made it possible to increase, in comparison with its predecessor, both the flight range of the airliner and its carrying capacity.

The first test flight of the new Ila was made already in 1969 on March 5, where one of the most famous aircraft designers of the USSR was present as an observer. The test pilots noted that the aircraft possesses all the advantages of the previous model, while becoming convenient to control (the aircraft movement in the air has become smoother), more resistant to adverse conditions, especially during landing and takeoff.

Thanks to these and other improvements, already in September 1969 the car was launched in mass production... The tests carried out from January 1970 to November 1973 confirmed the high reliability and excellent flight characteristics of the Il-62M aircraft.

Video - history of creation

The first take-off as a passenger ship "Aeroflot" was made in 1974. According to statistics, the frequency of flights for the first 10 months of operation on international and transcontinental routes was a record 97%. Not a single plane of regular flights has reached such indicators.

TTX

The technical characteristics of the liner are presented in the following table:

Operation history

During serial production, that is, until 1996 inclusive, exactly 193 Il-62M aircraft were built. The release of such a number of cars was not planned, however, the capabilities of the designed airliner were able to cover the needs of both domestic and foreign airlines for a long time.

In addition to the USSR, and then the Russian Federation, the Il-62M was air parks many other countries, mainly of the socialist camp. Among them:

• Hungary;
• Romania;
• Poland;
• DPRK;
• China;
• Angola;
• Cuba;
• Czechoslovakia.

The number of vehicles delivered to other states is 51 units. In some of them, the liner is still in operation.

Thanks to its performance characteristics, the vessel for a long time became the main long-haul liner of Aeroflot, and then of other domestic companies.

Moreover, in the mid-90s, the average daily flight time on cars of this type was almost 17 hours, especially against the background of a sharp decrease in passenger traffic by domestic routes.

After the termination of production of the aircraft, it was used for a long time as a medium and long-haul air transport. The renewal of the fleet of domestic airlines also affected the replacement of the Il-62M with more modern and sophisticated aircraft, but the history of the glorious aircraft does not end there.

From the 2000s to the present day, the glider (in the amount of more than 20 pieces) has been used by various federal agencies, including the Ministry of Emergency Situations. And one of them was converted into the so-called "Board No. 1" and is still used today, in the form of a modification of the IL-62M "Salon".

IL-62M modifications

Several aircraft modification projects were created, but only a few of them were embodied in the form finished models, the rest remained, as diagrams and drawings in the archives.

Modifications:

Difference of cars with the index "M" from earlier models

The first, and most important, difference from the Il-62 model is the use of a new type of power plant - D-30KU. It was the installation of these engines, developed by the Solovyov group, that allowed the M-indexed airliner to have improved performance. And this while maintaining parameters such as wing area and wingspan, aircraft length and height, landing gear track.

The rest of the differences are presented in following list:

• reduced landing speed, thanks to some changes in the control elements and characteristics of the power plants;
• improving the efficiency of lateral controllability of the aircraft;
• increase in cruising and maximum flight speed;
• installation of new types of steering wheels;
• changing the arrangement of elements on the dashboard, which made it more convenient to operate;
• strengthening of structural elements, which was necessary for the increased flight weight;
• reinforced wing structure, which significantly increases the durability and, consequently, the flight life of the liner;
• updated "wide-body" interior made of progressive materials.

Advantages and disadvantages

The first, and far from the last, advantage of the Il-62M airliner is the use of D-30KU jet propulsion systems. They were not only able to increase the flight range and carrying capacity of the aircraft, but also significantly reduce its stopping distance during landing. The reinforced hull has increased the durability and reliability of the liner.

More comfortable, compared to the previous model, control required less effort from the pilots, which also had a positive effect on the quality of flights. The electric drive of all electronic systems of the Il-62M aircraft is powered by four alternators - one for each engine.

The disadvantages include the centering of the vehicle body, as a result of which the center of gravity is located behind the main landing gear.

In this regard, pilots flying the IL-62M had to undergo special training. Not the last were the physical data of the pilots - the control system did not have amplifiers.

Among the disadvantages is the high depreciation cost of the aircraft. This factor became the main reason why airlines refused to operate the liner in the late 90s and early 2000s.

Achievements and incidents

There were both glorious and sad pages in the history of the Il-62M. The first include the performance of several unique flights, among which there are world records. And the first such achievement was the repetition non-stop flight along the Chkalov route (Moscow-Vancouver through the North Pole), spending only 11 hours on it.

The sorrowful pages of the IL-62 family include 23 air crashes, among which there were passengers on board in 12 cases.

Almost all cases were associated with the operation of engines (depressurization or local breakdown, false triggering of automation).

Each such event was followed by work to increase the safety of various parts of the airliner. As a result, at the zenith of its existence, the aircraft has become one of the most reliable machines among competitors.

Conclusion

IL-62M is a whole era in the domestic aircraft industry and civil aviation. Moreover, a number of solutions used in its design and creation were subsequently used, not without success, on other domestic and foreign airliners.

And despite some design flaws, the car became the embodiment of the achievements of the aircraft industry of its time, which can be confirmed by about 100 thousand passengers traveling on it.

Video

Throughout the history of Soviet aircraft construction, the industry of the USSR produced many units of aviation technology. The first intercontinental jet airliner was the Il-62M. The model was used to transport civilians to the most remote corners of the Soviet Union. Description and characteristics of the IL-62M are presented in the article.

Acquaintance

IL-62M is a long-haul by passenger liner... This model belongs to monoplane - aircraft equipped with one wing. Translated from Greek. monos - one and lat. planum - plane. Since 1930, Soviet designers have used the monoplane scheme as the main one in the creation of cargo, military transport and passenger aircraft.

Start

After 1950, Soviet economists and aviation specialists noted a nine-fold increase in the growth of passenger and freight traffic. It became possible to transport large volumes of cargo in the shortest possible time as a result of the use of aircraft with gas turbine propulsion systems. The state needed to increase the production of such passenger aircraft. Civil aviation specialists from the country's leadership were instructed to create a relatively inexpensive and unpretentious aviation model for transporting citizens within the Soviet Union. As a result, the Il-62M became such a model. (Photo from aviation vehicle presented in the article).

Developers

The creation of the Il-62M aircraft began in 1969. The work consisted in the modernization of the Il-62 already used in Soviet aviation. The designers were tasked with improving their flight performance and economic performance. The Il-62M was designed at the Ilyushin Experimental Design Bureau. This enterprise had all the necessary resources to quickly and efficiently fulfill the task.

Plans

Initially, the Il-62M was designed to carry 50 to 165 passengers. The range for which the aircraft was designed was supposed to be from 5 thousand to 9 thousand km. The designers were going to install the engines in the Il-62M in the tail section. In the OKB, under the leadership of Kuznetsov, a new NK-8 engine was designed for the future airplane. Simultaneously with the work on the manufacture of an economy-class aircraft, it was planned to create a "luxury" airplane, designed to carry 100-125 passengers.

Choosing a scheme for the future aircraft, the designers considered various domestic and foreign passenger air liners. The French "Caravel", in which the stabilizers are located at half the height of the keel, received special attention of Soviet engineers. In the new aircraft, the developers decided to use the IL-18 concept.

Search

Back in 1960, the famous designer Ilyushin appealed to the government with a proposal to modernize the Il-62, equipping it with RD-23-600 engines, which were developed by S.K. Tumansky. After reviewing the sketch diagrams of various models of passenger airplanes, the specialists settled on the option with the rear-mounted engines.

Soon, the USSR Council of Ministers approved the concept of the future aircraft proposed by the designers of the OKB, and the Il-62 modernization program was accepted for implementation. In January 1974, work on the aircraft was fully completed. After successful state and operational tests, the Il-62M was officially approved for use in passenger transportation.

Innovations

In an effort to improve the performance and economic characteristics of the new aircraft, the developers have performed the following steps:

• The Il-62 was equipped with new engines with an economical design. Designers made their nacelles more perfect, giving them an aerodynamic shape.
• The keel of the aircraft was equipped with an additional fuel tank. Its capacity was 5 thousand liters. The presence of the tank had a positive effect on the flight range.
• The airplane was equipped with mechanized baggage loading.
• The stabilizer was equipped with automatic control.
• The passenger airplane was equipped with an improved onboard turbo unit TA-6A, with the help of which the engines are started and the cabin air-conditioned.
• The aircraft was also equipped with new steering wheels.

The geometrical dimensions remained unchanged.

About dimensions

Parameters of the upgraded Il-62:

• Length indicator - 53.12 m.
• Height - 12.35 m.
• Chassis tracks - 6.8 m.
• The wing area of ​​the aircraft is 279.55 sq. m.
• Wingspan - 42.5 m.

Below is a photo of the Il-62M.

Device

Since the tail section became the place for the location of the engines, the developers had to strengthen the airplane chassis with the main supports. The roll-over of the empty aircraft onto the tail was prevented by the use of a tail support, which was removed every time after loading.

For a rear-mounted airplane, the designers of the Ilyushin Design Bureau developed a special suspension design. Over time, it was patented by Great Britain, Italy, France, Germany, Czechoslovakia and Japan.

The IL-62M is characterized by a rational distribution of weight. Distinctive feature the wing in this airplane consists of unusual stepped edges, resembling a beak, which ensured excellent stability of the aircraft. In the production of the wing, the latest coffered technology was used, which consists in cheap pressing. This procedure ensured the lightness and strength of the wing structure. In the arrangement of the plumage, a T-shaped scheme was used for it. The wing in the modernized Il-62, due to the elimination of unnecessarily cumbersome and not always reliable solutions, is endowed with reduced weight and size characteristics. This had a positive effect on the controllability and reliability of the IL-62M.

On the merits of layout

In the entire history of aircraft construction in the USSR, the Il-62M became the first airplane in the manufacture of which the engine tail layout was used. Thanks to this design solution, the wing of this aircraft has improved aerodynamic properties, which is especially important for long-haul passenger vehicles. In addition, the remote location of the engines from the fuel tanks has a positive impact on the safety of passengers. Also importantly, the designers managed to reduce the noise level in the aircraft cabin.

Earlier, during the flight of the airplane, its structure was negatively affected by a jet of high-temperature gases. In the Il-62M, this negative influence was reduced to zero. The total weight of the aircraft was reduced due to the rejection of an unnecessarily large tail unit.

As a result of equipping the Il-62M with spoilers and ailerons, the designers achieved an increased efficiency of the lateral control of the airplane. The aircraft is equipped with more advanced double-slotted flaps and a new device for reversing thrust of the engines.

The Il-62M differs from its predecessor in significantly improved flight and operational characteristics: the modernized aircraft is equipped with new steering wheels and an instrument panel with well-placed instruments for pilots.

The modernization of the Il-62 had a positive effect on the practical flight range. The distances that can be overcome by the most loaded aircraft (23000 kg) have been increased from 7 thousand to 8270 km. For an airplane carrying one hundred passengers (payload 10,000 kg), the flight range increased from 8,700 to 10,000 km. Improvements also affected the cruising speed: the designers managed to increase it to 870 km / h.

The operation of the IL-62M is completely unaffected by the most unfavorable weather and meteorological conditions. This became possible thanks to the unique navigation system, which the passenger airplane is equipped with. This fact was duly appreciated by the Ministry emergencies THE USSR. The modernized Il-62 became the first aircraft to be equipped with a fully automatic control system.

About the weaknesses of the aircraft

An aircraft equipped with a tail-mounted engine has the following disadvantages:

• Increase in the mass of the tail due to its additional reinforcement.
• No unloading of wing material by motors.
• The motors are located at a great distance from each other. In this regard, the fuel equipment used by them is significantly lengthened.
• By concentrating engines exclusively in the tail section, the centering of the airplane has been sharply changed, which has a negative effect during its operation.

About the technical characteristics of the IL-62M

• The modernized Il-62 is equipped with four turbojet engines.
• Engine model - D-30KU.
• Index takeoff weight aircraft is 167 tons.
• The airplane is designed for a payload of no more than 23 tons.
• The capacity of the fuel tanks is 105,300 liters.
• The power plant has a maximum thrust of 11,000 kgf.
• The cruising speed indicator varies between 850-870 km / h.
• The maximum speed is 870 km / h.
• Flight altitude up to 12 thousand meters.
• The flight range is 10-11 thousand km.
• The number of the crew is 4 people.
• The spaciousness of the cabin is 165 passengers.

About modifications

On the basis of the Il-62M, the following airliners have been created:

• IL-62M-200 (MA). This aircraft differs from its counterpart by a more elongated fuselage and increased passenger capacity. The beginning of work on this model was due to the rapid development of air transportation in the USSR. Nevertheless, the serial production of the aircraft was not established. The model remained at the design stage.
• IL-62M-250. The tasks of this sample are the same as in the previous airplane. Design work on this aircraft have also been discontinued.
• Il-62MGr - is a cargo aircraft model.

• IL-62MK. This passenger airplane has a significantly improved cabin interior. In addition, in this model, changes were made to the design of the wings.

Airliner Il-62M. Zvezda (7013P)

For those who are fond of modeling, there is a wide range of different design kits on the gift market. Judging by the numerous reviews of consumers, products from the Russian manufacturer "Zvezda" are in great demand. IL-62M, presented by the manufacturer, is a prefabricated model, the scale of which is 1: 144. The structure consists of 139 parts.

Gift set "Airliner IL-62M" ("Star" (7013) is completed with:

• paints;
• brush;
• stand for paint;
• glue;
• instructions.

The warranty period is up to 14 days.

Finally

Unlike the basic analogue of the Il-62, the models containing the “M” index are equipped with D-30KU turbojet engines. These motors are much more economical than those used in the prototype aircraft and are manufactured in accordance with international standards. The keels and stabilizers of the modernized airplanes have a much improved shape, due to which their ergonomics are increased. The aircraft is equipped with a new reverse device. Thanks to this, the air resistance during the flight was minimized by the designers. By increasing the onboard fuel capacity, the airplane became suitable for longer flights.

Unlike its counterpart, the Il-62M has more electronics. Thanks to the introduction of a modern system for air conditioning the cockpit, the degree of fatigue of the pilots is significantly reduced, which is especially important during long flights.

Il-62 is a passenger aircraft for long-haul flights. It was designed at the Design Bureau im. Ilyushin in 1962. The liner replaced the Tu-104, which was not characterized by reliability and safety. It is similar in appearance to the British Vickers VC-10 aircraft.

Interesting fact! In NATO, the Il-62 was named "Classic". It was used for long-distance flights.

Features and benefits of an aircraft

The Il-62 aircraft belongs to the second generation of aircraft. It has set several world speed records. For several decades, he served in the Soviet Air Force. Now it is also at the disposal of government forces.

The aircraft is not used in commercial transport. It was replaced by new models. They have improved specifications, and comply with international standards.

IL-62 advantages:

• increased control efficiency during flight;
• upgraded body parts;
• the presence of an improved aviation system.

IL-62 is a safe aircraft. Unlike its predecessors, it has improved flight characteristics.

Equipment

The aircraft is a low-wing aircraft with swept wings. They are equipped with T-shaped plumage. Four engines are used as power equipment. They are located in the tail section.

The fuselage has an oval shape with elongated curves. It is equipped with the following elements:

• frames (transverse supporting structures) in the amount of 101 pieces;
• stringers (longitudinal support structures) - 76 pcs;
• working skin.

In the front part there is a radio-transparent fairing. The sealed fuselage compartment consists of two chambers - an upper and a lower one. The first contains the cockpit and passenger compartment. It also housed small kitchen, plumbing and dressing rooms.

Note. Most of the upper chamber is reserved for the salon.

The lower compartment is designed to carry baggage. For this, it has 3 compartments. The fourth is located in the unpressurized tail section of the aircraft. It is used to transport aircraft equipment and supplies.

To improve the performance of flight characteristics, new engines were installed - D-30KU. They provide sufficient power during takeoff, flight and landing of the aircraft.

The aircraft landing gear is mounted on three supports. The fourth is in the tail section. The landing gear is raised by the automatic hydraulic booster system. The main supports are retracted into the wing, and the bogies - into special fuselage niches.

Design characteristics

The length of the aircraft is 53.12 m. Its height is 12.35 m. With such parameters of the basic structure, the wingspan is 42.5 m, and its area is 279.55 sq. M.

The cabin capacity is 168-186 passenger seats. The maximum load of the aircraft reaches 161.6 tons. At the same time, it can fly at an altitude of 8000-12000 m with a cruising speed of 850 km / h.

Flight range with the following characteristics:

• with a maximum number of passengers - 7550 km;
• at maximum load on commercial flights - 6700 km;
• with fully filled tanks - 9200 km.

According to the design data, the aircraft is designed for 23 years of operation. After this time period has passed, it must be written off or the main working equipment must be modernized. Over the years of operation, the aircraft can make 8500 flights. Moreover, the number of flight hours should not exceed 35,000.

Passenger compartment layout IL-62

Since this aircraft has a narrow fuselage, a large number of seats Did not work out. This has a positive effect on the comfort of the cabin. The seats are installed in two lines with a center aisle.

Division of the passenger compartment into compartments:

• first grade;
• Business Class;
• Economy class.

First compartment superior comfort... It is located just behind the cockpit. It has 6 passenger seats in three rows according to the 2 + 2 scheme. The distance between the seats is up to 1 m. The seat backs are freely adjustable.

Business class has 18 seats in three rows according to the 3 + 3 scheme with a central aisle. It should be noted that this class is practically no different from the previous one in terms of comfort.

Behind the business class is the economy class compartment. It provides 102 passenger seats. The seats are located on the sides of the cabin in a 3 + 3 pattern. The distance between them does not make it possible to fully expand the seat back.

In first grade the best places seats in the second row are considered. The first one borders on sanitary rooms. Some travelers are uncomfortable with this location.

There are no best or worst passenger seats in Business Class. All seats are located at a certain distance from technical areas. The compartment is separated in the cabin by special partitions.

In economy class, the best seats are the seats located in the 11th row. The worst are in the 26-27 rows. They are near sanitary facilities... During the flight, you can observe the walking of passengers.

IL-62 versions

The first model was the intercontinental Il-62D. It was supposed to provide transportation of 70 passengers from Moscow to Havana with a stopover in Murmansk. The aircraft was equipped with NK-8-4 engines. Refueling was provided by the installation of additional fuel tanks with a capacity of 30,000 liters. They were placed in the rear compartment of the passenger cabin.

Good to know! Such design feature reduced the safety indicator of the aircraft.

It was decided to take care of the fire safety of the tanks. The design changes made solved this problem, but worsened the flight characteristics. Therefore, this model never received further development.

The next modification of the aircraft was the Il-62M. It was equipped with powerful engines and modern aircraft systems. It provided transportation for more than 150 people over long distances. An additional fuel tank was installed in the keel. Its capacity is 5000 liters.

Several years after the release of the previous modification of the aircraft, the Il-62M-200 was designed. Its modern modification is the Il-62MA. Vessel capacity by compartments:

• 198 seats in economy class;
• 186 seats in tourist class;
• 161 seats in a mixed compartment.

To increase the spaciousness, the designers had to remove the dressing room from the salon. Also, a rearrangement of all compartments of the tail section was made.

Important! IL-62M-200 - the first aircraft with a wide-body interior.

The next model is Il-62M-250. Its capacity is 250 passenger seats. He could fly over medium distances. There were certain flaws in its design. It was not possible to eliminate them. Therefore, the plane was not released.

The Il-62MGr aircraft was developed at KAPO im. S.P. Gorbunov. This is a cargo liner that was to be operated on commercial flights. With its help, they could deliver bulky goods.

IL-62MK aircraft with a capacity of up to 195 passengers. Its salon has been modernized according to the established international standards. To increase the resource, its wings were equipped with a reinforced structure.

IL-62 aircraft safety

For many years, this aircraft carried the first persons of the USSR, starting with Leonid Brezhnev and ending with Boris Yeltsin. Its safety is guaranteed by numerous control systems and modern avionics.

Where was the plane made?

In the USSR, the experience in the development and design of aircraft was from the employees of the Design Bureau. Ilyushin. The first IL-62 models were produced there. Serial production of aircraft began in 1966 at an aircraft plant in Kazan. Production ceased in 1995.

For all the time, 289 aircraft were produced. More than 81 models were sold to countries of near and far abroad. In some states, new modifications of aircraft have been developed on their basis.

Model prices

The price for Il-62 aircraft of various modifications depends on their configuration. Engines make up the bulk of the cost. Since planes are no longer being manufactured, power system upgrades are expensive.

news

IL-62 was obsolete by the beginning of the 90s. Fuel consumption has exceeded the permissible values. For this reason, the operation of aircraft has become unprofitable.

In the second half of the 90s, aircraft began to be withdrawn from the airline fleet. Aeroflot abandoned them in 2005. After that, almost all carriers stopped operating these aircraft.

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